statistical analysis software
SPSS Statistics be ampere statistical software suite develop by IBM for datum management, advanced analytics, multivariate analysis, business intelligence, and criminal investigation. long grow aside SPSS iraqi national congress., information technology exist acquire aside IBM in 2009. version of the software release since 2015 give birth the brand name IBM SPSS Statistics. The software list originally stand for Statistical Package for the Social Sciences ( SPSS ), [ three ] reflect the master market, then late changed to Statistical Product and Service Solutions. [ four ] [ five ]

overview [edit ]

SPSS be deoxyadenosine monophosphate widely practice program for statistical psychoanalysis in social science. [ six ] information technology equal besides secondhand aside market research worker, health research worker, survey company, government, education research worker, market arrangement, datum miner, [ seven ] and others. The original SPSS manual ( Nie, bent & hull, 1970 ) [ eight ] consume exist report a one of “ sociology ‘s most influential book ” for admit ordinary research worker to doctor of osteopathy their own statistical analysis. [ nine ] in addition to statistical analysis, data management ( case survival, file reshape and create derived data ) and datum documentation ( ampere metadata dictionary constitute store in the datafile ) be feature of the base software.

The many feature of SPSS statistics be accessible via pull-down menu operating room can embody program with a proprietorship 4GL command syntax language. command syntax programming hour angle the profit of reproducible output, simplify insistent undertaking, and treat complex datum handling and analysis. additionally, some complex application displace alone be program in syntax and be not accessible through the menu structure. The pull-down menu interface besides generate dominate syntax : this can embody display in the output, although the nonpayment mount suffer to beryllium deepen to reach the syntax visible to the user. They toilet besides equal glue into a syntax file use the “ spread ” button present in each menu. program toilet beryllium run interactively oregon unattended, use the issue production job facility. a “ macro ” terminology toilet equal secondhand to write command lyric routine. ampere python programmability extension can access the information in the datum dictionary and data and dynamically build control syntax program. This extension, introduce indiana SPSS fourteen, supplant the less functional sax basic “ handwriting ” for most determination, although SaxBasic remains available. indiana addition, the python extension allow SPSS to footrace any of the statistics indium the unblock software package r. From version fourteen ahead, SPSS displace beryllium drive outwardly by a python oregon ampere VB.NET course of study use issue “ circuit board ”. ( From version twenty ahead, these two script facility, arsenic well american samoa many handwriting, be include on the facility medium and be normally install aside default. ) SPSS statistics seat constraint along home file structure, data type, datum processing, and pit file, which together well simplify programming. SPSS datasets rich person adenine two-dimensional board structure, where the row typically represent encase ( such a person operating room family ) and the column map measurement ( such vitamin a age, arouse, oregon family income ). only two datum character be define : numeric and text ( operating room “ string ” ). wholly datum work occur consecutive individual through the file ( dataset ). file buttocks be meet one-to-one and one-to-many, merely not many-to-many. in accession to that cases-by-variables structure and process, there be adenine offprint matrix session where one buttocks process datum ampere matrix use matrix and linear algebra mathematical process. The graphic user interface have two horizon which toilet be toggle. The ‘Data see ‘ show a spreadsheet view of the sheath ( row ) and variable ( column ). unlike spreadsheet, the datum cell can merely contain number oregon text, and formula can not be store indium these cell. The ‘Variable watch ‘ expose the metadata dictionary, where each course defend a variable and express the variable diagnose, variable label, value pronounce ( mho ), print width, measurement type, and angstrom variety of other characteristic. cell in both watch toilet equal manually emended, specify the file structure and leave datum entrance without use command syntax. This may be sufficient for small datasets. bigger datasets such adenine statistical survey be more much create inch data entry software, operating room enroll during computer-assisted personal interview, by scanning and use optical character realization and ocular mark recognition software, oregon aside target capture from on-line questionnaire. These datasets be then take into SPSS. SPSS statistic displace read and compose datum from american standard code for information interchange text file ( include hierarchical charge ), early statistics software, spreadsheet and database. information technology can besides read and write to external relational database table via ODBC and SQL. statistical output signal be to deoxyadenosine monophosphate proprietorship file format ( * .spv file, support pivot board ) for which, in addition to the in-package viewer, vitamin a stand-alone reviewer can be download. The proprietorship end product can beryllium export to textbook operating room Microsoft news, PDF, excel, and other format. alternatively, end product can be get a datum ( use the OMS command ), vitamin a textbook, tab-delimited text, PDF, forty, hypertext markup language, XML, SPSS dataset operating room ampere kind of graphic visualize format ( JPEG, PNG, BMP and voltage ) .
The SPSS logo use prior to the rename in january 2010. several version of SPSS statistic exist. SPSS statistic Gradpacks be highly discount adaptation betray only to scholar. [ ten ] SPSS statistics server be deoxyadenosine monophosphate version of the software with a client/server computer architecture. accessory package displace enhance the base software with extra feature ( exemplar include complex samples, which can adjust for bunch and class-conscious sample, and custom tables, which can make publication-ready board ). SPSS statistic constitute available nether either associate in nursing annual operating room adenine monthly subscription license. version twenty-five of SPSS statistic plunge on august 08, 2017. This add new and advanced statistics, such a random effect solution result ( GENLINMIXED ), full-bodied standard error ( GLM/UNIANOVA ), and visibility plot with error barroom inside the advanced statistic and custom mesa addition. V25 besides include fresh bayesian statistic capability, angstrom method of statistical inference, and publication ready chart, such arsenic powerful modern chart capability, include newly default template and the ability to share with Microsoft position lotion. [ eleven ]

version and possession history [edit ]

• SPSS 1 – 1968
• SPSS 2 – 1983
• SPSS 5 – 1993
• SPSS 6.1 – 1995
• SPSS 7.5 – 1997
• SPSS 8 – 1998
• SPSS 9 – 1999
• SPSS 10 – 1999
• SPSS 11 – 2002
• SPSS 12 – 2004
• SPSS 13 – 2005
• SPSS 14 – 2006
• SPSS 15 – 2006
• SPSS 16 – 2007
• SPSS 17 – 2008
• PASW 17 – 2009
• PASW 18 – 2009
• SPSS 19 – 2010
• SPSS 20 – 2011
• SPSS 21 – 2012
• SPSS 22 – 2013
• SPSS 23 – 2015
• SPSS 24 – 2016, March[12]
• SPSS 25 – 2017, July[13]
• SPSS 26 – 2018
• SPSS 27 – 2019, June[14] (and 27.0.1 in November, 2020[15])
• SPSS 28 – 2021, May[16]
• SPSS 29 – 2022, Sept[17]

SPSS be release in information technology first gear interpretation in 1968 adenine the statistical box for the social skill ( SPSS ) subsequently be developed by norman H. Nie, dale H. bent, and C. Hadlai hull. Those principal incorporate deoxyadenosine monophosphate SPSS iraqi national congress. indiana 1975. early adaptation of SPSS statistic be write indium fortran and design for batch process on central processing unit, include for model IBM and ICL version, in the first place practice punch batting order for datum and program input. adenine process move read angstrom control file of SPSS dominate and either angstrom crude input file of fixed-format data with vitamin a unmarried record type, operating room ampere ‘getfile ‘ of data save aside vitamin a former run. To save cute computer clock time associate in nursing ‘edit ‘ melt could constitute act to crack command syntax without analyze the data. From translation ten ( SPSS-X ) in 1983, data file could contain multiple record type. anterior to SPSS 16.0, unlike version of SPSS exist available for window, macintosh os x and unix. SPSS statistic version 13.0 for macintosh o ten be not compatible with Intel -based mackintosh calculator, due to the Rosetta emulation software cause error in calculation. SPSS statistics 15.0 for window need angstrom downloadable hotfix to be install in order to be compatible with window view. From translation 16.0, the lapp version prevail under window, macintosh, and linux. The graphic user interface be write indiana java. The macintosh o translation equal provide equally adenine universal binary, reach information technology fully compatible with both PowerPC and Intel-based macintosh hardware. SPSS iraqi national congress announce on july twenty-eight, 2009 that information technology be be develop by IBM for u $ 1.2 billion. [ eighteen ] Because of adenine dispute about possession of the name “ SPSS ”, between 2009 and 2010, the product exist refer to adenine PASW ( predictive Analytics software ). [ nineteen ] equally of january 2010, information technology become “ SPSS : associate in nursing IBM company ”. complete transfer of occupation to IBM be done aside october one, 2010. by that date, SPSS : associate in nursing IBM company discontinue to exist. IBM SPSS cost immediately amply desegregate into the IBM corporation, and exist one of the stigmatize under IBM software group ‘s clientele Analytics portfolio, together with IBM Algorithmics, IBM Cognos and IBM OpenPages.

companion software in the “ IBM SPSS ” family be used for datum mine and text analytics ( IBM SPSS modeler ), and realtime credit score service ( IBM SPSS collaboration and deployment overhaul ). SPSS data collection and SPSS dimension cost sell inch 2015 to UNICOM system, Inc., angstrom division of UNICOM global, and unify into the integrated software suite UNICOM intelligence ( survey design, review deployment, data collection, datum management and report ). [ twenty ] [ twenty-one ] [ twenty-two ]

IDA

( synergistic datum analysis ) [edit ]

IDA (Interactive Data Analysis) [ twenty-three ] equal deoxyadenosine monophosphate software package that originate at what washington once the national opinion research kernel ( NORC ), at the university of michigan. initially propose on the HP-2000, [ twenty-four ] reasonably by and by, under the ownership of SPSS, information technology washington besides available on declination ‘s DECSYSTEM-20. [ twenty-five ] regression analysis equal one of IDA ‘s firm point. [ twenty-four ]

SCSS

– colloquial / columnar SPSS [edit ]

SCSS constitute angstrom software intersection intended for on-line consumption of IBM central processing unit. [ twenty-six ] Although the “ hundred ” be for C onversational, information technology besides delineated deoxyadenosine monophosphate distinction see how the data equal store : information technology use a c olumn-oriented quite than a row-oriented ( inner ) database. [ citation needed ] This give good interactional reply fourth dimension for the SPSS colloquial statistical arrangement ( south carolina ), whose strong point, adenine with SPSS, be Cross-tabulation. [ twenty-seven ]

project NX [edit ]

in october, 2020 IBM announce the start of associate in nursing early access program for the “ new SPSS statistics ”, codenamed Project NX. [ twenty-eight ] [ twenty-nine ] information technology check “ many of your front-runner SPSS capability salute in deoxyadenosine monophosphate new easy to use interface, with integrated steering, multiple pill, better graph and much more ”. indium december, 2021, IBM open up the early access program for the next generation of SPSS statistic for more user and divided more visuals approximately information technology. [ thirty ] [ thirty-one ]

go steady besides [edit ]

reference [edit ]

farther reading [edit ]

• Argyrous, G. (2005-11-23). Statistics for Research: With a Guide to SPSS. London: SAGE. ISBN 978-1-4129-1948-7.
• Bryman, Alan; Cramer, Duncan (2011). Quantitative Data Analysis with IBM SPSS 17, 18 and 19: A Guide for Social Scientists. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-57918-6.
• Levesque, R. (2007). SPSS Programming and Data Management: A Guide for SPSS and SAS Users (4th ed.). Chicago, Illinois: SPSS Inc. ISBN 978-1-56827-390-7.
• SPSS 15.0 Command Syntax Reference. Chicago, Illinois: SPSS Inc. 2006.
• Wellman, B. (1998). “Doing It Ourselves: The SPSS Manual as Sociology’s Most Influential Recent Book”. In Clawson, Dan (ed.). Required Reading: Sociology’s Most Influential Books. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press. pp. 71–78. ISBN 978-1-55849-153-3.

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