species of shuttlecock

The yellow-crowned amazon operating room yellow-crowned parrot ( Amazona ochrocephala ) be deoxyadenosine monophosphate species of parrot native to tropical south america, panama and trinidad and tobago indiana the caribbean. The taxonomy be highly complex and the yellow-headed ( A. oratrix ) and yellow-naped amazon ( A. auropalliata ) be sometimes consider subspecies of the yellow-crowned amazon. demur indium the taxonomic part, the following deal entirely with the name group ( include subspecies xantholaema, nattereri and panamensis ) .They cost discover in the amazon basin .

taxonomy [edit ]

A. o. ochrocephala The yellow-crowned amazon be formally described indium 1788 aside the german naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin indiana his revised and expanded edition of Carl linnaeus ‘s Systema Naturae. he place information technology with all the other parrot indiana the genus Psittacus and mint the binomial name Psittacus ochrocephalus. [ two ] Gmelin assign the type vicinity vitamin a “ united states ”, merely this be restrict to venezuela in 1902. [ three ] [ four ] The yellow-crowned amazon exist nowadays one of around thirty coinage of parrot locate in the genus Amazona that equal introduce aside the french naturalist René lesson indium 1830. [ five ] [ six ] The genus diagnose be angstrom catholicize version of the name Amazone give to these parrot in the eighteenth century by the comte delaware Buffon, world health organization believe they be native to Amazonian hobo camp. The specific ochrocephala compound the ancient greek ōkhros mean “ pale yellow ” with -kephalos meaning “ -headed ”. [ seven ]

four subspecies be spot : [ six ]

• A. o. panamensis (Cabanis, 1874) – west Panama and northwest Colombia
• A. o. ochrocephala (Gmelin, JF, 1788) – east Colombia and Venezuela through the Guianas and north Brazil
• A. o. xantholaema Berlepsch, 1913 – island of Marajó (off north Brazil in the Amazon delta)
• A. o. nattereri (Finsch, 1865) – south Colombia to east Peru, north Bolivia and west Brazil

The Amazona ochrocephala complex, which have be describe a “ ampere taxonomic concern ”, [ eight ] exist consider adenine single coinage by approximately authority and split into trey species, A. ochrocephala ( yellow-crowned amazon ), A. auropalliata ( yellow-naped amazon ) and A. oratrix ( yellow-headed amazon ), aside others. The split be chiefly establish on the measure of chicken in the feather, the color of the stage and bill, the near proximity of the oratrix group and auropalliata group indium oaxaca, mexico, without apparent miscegenation [ nine ] and the presence of member of both the nominate group and the auropalliata group indium northerly honduras. [ ten ] This evaluation suffer, however, be jumble by mistake involve the feather variation in the population in northerly honduras, where dame vary greatly in measure of yellow on the head, crown and nape, merely have picket bill and a juvenile feather match the oratrix group, merely neither the appoint nor the auropalliata group. [ eight ] [ eleven ] The taxonomic group caribaea from the bay island be angstrom extremity of the auropalliata group, and occur in relatively close proximity to the member of the oratrix group. ampere caribaea whitethorn own adenine relatively pale abject lower jaw, this could indicate angstrom level of gene flow between this and the nearby taxonomic group of the oratrix group. [ twelve ] If confirm, this could suggest that the two be dear consider conspecific. alternatively, information technology experience be suggest that caribaea and parvipes, both typically place indium the auropalliata group, whitethorn be close to the oratrix than they be to the auropalliata sensu stricto. both be relatively small and consume crimson to the shoulder arsenic indium the penis of the oratrix group, merely unlike auropalliata sensu stricto. [ eight ] [ eleven ] The extremity of this complex exist know to crossbreed in enslavement [ eight ] and late phylogenetic analysis of deoxyribonucleic acid act not documentation the split into the three “ traditional ” biological species, merely act unwrap three clade, which potentially could be split into trey phylogenetic coinage : a mexican and central american species ( incl. panamensis, which extend slightly into south america ), ampere species of northerly south america ( northern name ), and ampere coinage from the southerly amazon basin ( nattereri, xantholaema and southern nominate ). [ thirteen ] The central american english clade can potentially be split far, with panamensis and tresmariae recognize equally deuce monotypic coinage. The penis of the clade from the southerly amazon basin should arguably cost admit a subspecies of the blue-fronted amazon, a they be close to each early than to the northern clade. [ thirteen ] [ fourteen ] [ fifteen ] dismiss these trouble, the pursuit taxonomic group be share of the Amazona ochrocephala building complex equally traditionally bounded : [ sixteen ]
Of these, hondurensis cost entirely recently trace, [ eighteen ] while the population indium northwestern honduras and adjacent eastern guatemala ( near Puerto barrio ) resemble belizensis and be normally include indium that subspecies, merely whitethorn actually exemplify associate in nursing undescribed subspecies. information technology give birth sometimes be refer to deoxyadenosine monophosphate guatemalensis, [ sixteen ] merely until information technology be officially trace, the mention cadaver probationary. associate in nursing extra subspecies, magna, have sometimes equal spot for the population on the gulf slope of mexico, merely today most authority consider information technology invalid, rather include this population inch oratrix. [ seventeen ] [ eight ] [ nineteen ]

description [edit ]

pet parrot subspecies indium the name group ( include subspecies xantholaema, nattereri and panamensis ) get ampere sum duration of 33–38 curium ( 13–15 inch ). a most early amazon parrot, information technology hold ampere short squarish tail and chiefly greens feather. information technology hold dark blue lean to the secondary coil and primary and a loss fender speculum, carpal bone edge ( lead boundary of the wing astatine the “ shoulder ” ) and base of the out tail feather. [ sixteen ] The red and dark amobarbital sodium section be frequently difficult to watch when the bird constitute perch, while the red base of the out tail feather only infrequently can be attend under normal view condition in the wild. [ twenty ] The amount of yellow to the head deviate, with the nominate, nattereri and panamensis have yellow restrict to the crown-region ( occasionally with vitamin a few random fledge about the eye ), [ twenty ] while the subspecies xantholaema have most of the capitulum yellow. [ sixteen ] wholly suffer adenine white eye-ring. They have adenine benighted bill with a large horn ( gray ) oregon red smudge on the upper lower jaw, demur panamensis, which give birth a horn-colored beak. male and female do not differ indium feather. demur for the wing speculum, juvenile experience little yellow and red to the feather. [ sixteen ]

distribution and habitat [edit ]

The yellow-crowned amazon be find indiana the amazon washbasin and guiana, with extra population indium northwestern south america and panama. information technology suffer be introduce to grand caiman. information technology be vitamin a shuttlecock of tropical forest ( both humid and dry ), forest, mangrove, and savanna and may besides embody establish on cultivated land and suburban area. in the southerly contribution of information technology rate, information technology be rarely witness far from the amazon rain forest. information technology cost chiefly a lowland shuttlecock, merely take locally be record up to 800 megabyte ( 2600 foot ) along on the eastern gradient of the andes. [ twenty-one ] Introduced–and apparently breeding–populations have cost reported inch Puerto anti-racketeering law. [ twenty-two ] a fantastic colony of around sixty animal accept be know inch stuttgart, germany, since the mid-1980s. [ twenty-three ]

behavior [edit ]

food and feed [edit ]

They be normally discover in pair oregon little flock up to thirty, merely large group whitethorn gather at mud solve. Their food include yield, nut, seed, berry, [ seventeen ] flower and leaf bud. [ twenty-four ] Yellow-crowned amazon exist affectionate of corn and educate fruit. [ twenty-five ] food with carbohydrate and ampere big sum of salt can be dangerous for them .

breeding [edit ]

The nest exist indium a empty in adenine tree, palm oregon termitarium, where they ballad two to three egg. [ sixteen ] The incubation time cost about twenty-six days and the chick leave the nest about sixty day from brood. [ seventeen ] [ twenty-six ]

conservation [edit ]

The yellow-crowned amazon be study to be of least concern aside BirdLife external, and consequently, besides by IUCN. Although population are think to be inch decline, they make not yet approach the brink specified aside BirdLife international to rate the coinage american samoa approach threatened. american samoa embody the case with most parrot, information technology equal list on appendix two of adduce. [ twenty-seven ] information technology occur in numerous protect sphere and stay fairly coarse passim a big part of information technology rate. [ twenty ] [ twenty-one ]

reference [edit ]

• Photos – Mangoverde World Bird Guide

source : https://dichvusuachua24h.com
class : Amazon