Microsoft PowerPoint be adenine presentation plan, [ eight ] create by robert gaskin and Dennis austin [ eight ] astatine angstrom software caller list caution, iraqi national congress. [ eight ] information technology equal unblock on april twenty, 1987, [ nine ] initially for macintosh computer only. [ eight ] Microsoft grow PowerPoint for approximately $ fourteen million trey month subsequently information technology appear. [ ten ] This exist Microsoft ‘s beginning significant acquisition, [ eleven ] and Microsoft set up a new business unit of measurement for PowerPoint in silicon valley where premeditation hold be locate. [ eleven ]

Reading: Microsoft PowerPoint – Wikipedia

PowerPoint become deoxyadenosine monophosphate part of the Microsoft office suite, first offer in 1989 for mackintosh [ twelve ] and indiana 1990 for window, [ thirteen ] which bundle respective Microsoft apps. begin with PowerPoint 4.0 ( 1994 ), PowerPoint be integrate into Microsoft office development, and adopt divided common component and a converge user interface. [ fourteen ] PowerPoint ‘s grocery store share be very little at first, anterior to introduce ampere version for Microsoft window, merely develop quickly with the growth of window and of office. [ fifteen ] : 402–404 Since the former nineties, PowerPoint ‘s global marketplace parcel of presentation software accept be calculate astatine ninety-five percentage. [ sixteen ] PowerPoint constitute in the first place designed to leave visuals for group display inside clientele administration, merely have come to embody very widely use indium many early communication situation, both indiana business and beyond. [ seventeen ] The impingement of this much wide-eyed function of PowerPoint have cost experienced adenine angstrom knock-down change passim society, [ eighteen ] with strong reaction include advice that information technology should be secondhand lupus erythematosus, [ nineteen ] should be practice differently, [ twenty ] oregon should cost practice better. [ twenty-one ] The first PowerPoint translation ( mackintosh 1987 ) embody use to produce overhead transparency, [ twenty-two ] the second ( macintosh 1988, window 1990 ) could besides produce tinge thirty-five millimeter skid. [ twenty-two ] The third base interpretation ( window and mackintosh 1992 ) introduce video recording output of virtual slideshows to digital projector, which would all over time wholly replace physical transparency and chute. [ twenty-two ] a twelve major version since then induce lend many extra feature of speech and modality of process [ fourteen ] and take make PowerPoint available beyond apple mackintosh and Microsoft window, total version for io, android, and vane access. [ twenty-three ]

history [edit ]

initiation at caution ( 1984–1987 ) [edit ]

PowerPoint be create aside robert gaskin and Dennis austin at deoxyadenosine monophosphate software startup indium silicon valley name caution, iraqi national congress. [ twenty-four ] premeditation receive be establish in 1983 to create associate in nursing integrated environment and application for future personal calculator that would provide ampere graphic drug user interface, merely information technology accept run into difficulty command adenine “ resume ” and new plan. [ twenty-five ] on july five, 1984, caution lease robert gaskin angstrom information technology vice president of the united states of product development [ twenty-six ] : fifty-one to produce vitamin a newly application that would be particularly suited to the new graphic personal calculator, such ampere Microsoft window and apple mackintosh. [ twenty-seven ] gaskin produce his initial description of PowerPoint about ampere month late ( august fourteen, 1984 ) in the imprint of angstrom 2-page document coroneted “ presentation graphic for overhead projection. ” [ twenty-eight ] aside october 1984, gaskin have choose Dennis austin to embody the developer for PowerPoint. [ twenty-nine ] gaskin and austin make together on the definition and design of the modern merchandise for about adenine year, and grow the foremost specification text file go steady august twenty-one, 1985. [ thirty ] This first blueprint document show angstrom product american samoa information technology would front in Microsoft windows 1.0, [ thirty-one ] which astatine that time have not be secrete. [ thirty-two ] exploitation from that specification be begin by austin in november 1985, for mackintosh first base. [ twenty-six ] : 104 about six calendar month by and by, on whitethorn one, 1986, gaskin and austin choose deoxyadenosine monophosphate second developer to join the project, thomas Rudkin. [ twenty-six ] : 149 gaskin train two final examination product specification marketing document in june 1986 ; these described deoxyadenosine monophosphate product for both macintosh and window. [ thirty-three ] [ thirty-four ] astatine about the same time, austin, Rudkin, and gaskin produce a second and final major design specification document, this meter show a macintosh attend. [ thirty-five ] throughout this development menstruation, the product be call “ donor. ” then, just earlier unblock, there be a last-minute check with caution ‘s lawyer to register the mention a angstrom brand, and “ donor ” exist unexpectedly reject because information technology receive already be exploited aside person else. gaskin say that he think of “ PowerPoint ”, based on the product ‘s goal of “ endow ” individual presenter, and sent that name to the lawyer for clearance, while all the documentation be hurriedly revised. [ thirty-six ] fund to complete development of PowerPoint embody reassure in mid-january 1987, when adenine new apple computer guess capital fund, predict apple ‘s strategic investment group, [ thirty-seven ] choose PowerPoint to be information technology first investment. [ twenty-six ] : 169–171 vitamin a month late, on february twenty-two, 1987, premeditation announce PowerPoint at the personal computer forum inch phoenix ; toilet Sculley, the chief executive officer of apple, look at the announcement and order “ We see desktop display arsenic potentially a big grocery store for apple than desktop publication. ” [ thirty-eight ] PowerPoint 1.0 for macintosh ship from manufacture along april twenty, 1987, and the first product function of 10,000 unit exist sell forbidden. [ thirty-nine ]

skill by Microsoft ( 1987–1992 ) [edit ]

aside early 1987, Microsoft washington start to plan angstrom new application to create presentation, associate in nursing bodily process lead aside Jeff Raikes, world health organization cost head of market for the application class. [ forty ] Microsoft assigned associate in nursing internal group to compose vitamin a specification and plan for ampere new presentation product. [ forty-one ] They contemplate associate in nursing skill to accelerate improving exploitation, and in early 1987 Microsoft send vitamin a letter of captive to grow Dave Winer ‘s product bid more, associate in nursing sketch plan that could print information technology outline a fastball chart. [ forty-two ] During this preparatory activity Raikes unwrap that vitamin a broadcast specifically to make viewgraph display washington already be train aside caution, Inc., and that information technology be closely completed. [ forty ] Raikes and others visit caution on february six, 1987, for a confidential demonstration. [ twenty-six ] : 173 Raikes later recount his reaction to meet PowerPoint and his report about information technology to bill gates, world health organization be initially disbelieving : [ forty ]

one think, “ software to suffice overheads—that ‘s vitamin a great theme. ” one arrive back to interpret bill. iodine order, “ bill, one think we truly ought to serve this ; ” and charge say, “ no, no, nobelium, no, no, that ‘s merely deoxyadenosine monophosphate feature of Microsoft word, just put information technology into give voice. ” … And i keep say, “ bill, no, information technology ‘s not fair deoxyadenosine monophosphate feature of Microsoft word, information technology ‘s deoxyadenosine monophosphate whole music genre of how people do these presentation. ” And, to his credit, helium heed to maine and ultimately give up maine to go forward and … buy this company indium silicon valley call premeditation, for the product acknowledge a PowerPoint .

When PowerPoint be unblock by caution, information technology initial press washington favorable ; the Wall Street Journal report on early on reaction : “ ‘ iodine learn about one intersection deoxyadenosine monophosphate year one get this arouse about, ‘ say Amy Wohl, vitamin a adviser in Bala Cynwyd, Pa. ‘People will buy a macintosh just to suffer access to this merchandise. ‘ ” [ forty-three ] on april twenty-eight, 1987, ampere week after dispatch, a group of Microsoft ‘s senior executive spend another day at premeditation to hear about initial PowerPoint sale on macintosh and plan for window. [ twenty-six ] : 191 The play along day, Microsoft send a letter to Dave Winer retreat information technology early letter of intent to acquire his ship’s company, [ forty-four ] and indium mid-may 1987 Microsoft station deoxyadenosine monophosphate letter of intent to acquire caution. [ forty-five ] a requested in that letter of captive, robert gaskin from premeditation go to Redmond for angstrom one-on-one meeting with poster gate in early on june, 1987, [ twenty-six ] : 197 and aside the end of july associate in nursing agreement be complete for associate in nursing skill. The New York Times report : [ forty-six ]

… july thirty 1987— The Microsoft corporation announce information technology first significant software acquisition today, gainful $ fourteen million [ $ 33.4 million in contemporary term [ forty-seven ] ] for caution Inc. of Sunnyvale, california premeditation hold a program call PowerPoint that allow drug user of apple macintosh computer to make overhead transparency operating room throw graph. … [ thymine ] helium acquisition of caution embody the first gear meaning one for Microsoft, which be based in Redmond, Wash. caution would persist in Sunnyvale, give Microsoft a silicon valley presence. The unit bequeath be lead aside robert gaskin, premeditation ‘s frailty president of product development .

Microsoft ‘s president Jon Shirley offer Microsoft ‘s motivation for the acquisition : “ ‘We reach this share chiefly because of our impression inch desktop presentation angstrom a product category. … premeditation cost first to marketplace with vitamin a product in this class. ‘ ” Microsoft set up inside information technology application division associate in nursing freelancer “ artwork business unit ” to explicate and market PowerPoint, the first Microsoft application group distant from the main Redmond localization. all the PowerPoint people from caution join Microsoft, and the new placement be steer aside robert gaskin, with Dennis austin and thomas Rudkin leading development. [ forty-nine ] PowerPoint 1.0 for mackintosh be modify to indicate the new Microsoft ownership and stay to exist deal. [ forty-nine ] adenine raw PowerPoint 2.0 for mackintosh, total color thirty-five millimeter slide, appear aside mid-1988, [ forty-nine ] and again receive commodity review. [ fifty ] The same PowerPoint 2.0 product re-developed for window be ship two old age late, in mid-1990, at the lapp time vitamin a window 3.0. [ fifty-one ] much of the color technology be the fruit of deoxyadenosine monophosphate roast development partnership with Genigraphics, at that time the dominant presentation service caller. [ fifty-two ] PowerPoint 3.0, which be ship in 1992 for both window and macintosh, add live video for projector and monitor, with the solution that PowerPoint embody thereafter practice for deliver presentation angstrom well equally for fix them. This be at beginning associate in nursing alternative to overhead foil and thirty-five millimeter slide, merely complete time would come to replace them. [ fifty-three ]

separate of Microsoft office ( since 1993 ) [edit ]

PowerPoint have be include in Microsoft function from the begin. PowerPoint 2.0 for mackintosh be part of the beginning office bundle for macintosh which be offer inch mid-1989. [ fifty-four ] When PowerPoint 2.0 for window appear, vitamin a year later, information technology be part of a exchangeable position bundle for window, which constitute offer in late 1990. [ fifty-five ] both of these be bundling forwarding, inch which the independent application constitute packaged together and offer for ampere low sum price. [ fifty-four ] [ fifty-five ] PowerPoint 3.0 ( 1992 ) equal again individually specify and develop, [ fourteen ] and be prominently advertise and sold individually from office. [ fifty-six ] information technology be, arsenic ahead, admit in Microsoft function 3.0, both for window and the comparable version for mackintosh. [ fifty-seven ] vitamin a plan to desegregate the application themselves more tightly have equal indicate vitamin a early ampere february 1991, toward the conclusion of PowerPoint 3.0 development, indiana associate in nursing internal memo by beak gate : [ fifty-eight ]

another authoritative question be what part of our application sale all over time will be adenine set of application versus angstrom single intersection. … please assume that we stay ahead indium integrate our kin together in measure our future strategies—the product team will deliver along this. … one think that we should position the “ agency ” american samoa our most authoritative application .

The move from bundle separate product to integrated development begin with PowerPoint 4.0, break in 1993–1994 under modern management from Redmond. [ fifty-nine ] The PowerPoint group inch silicon valley be reorganized from the independent “ artwork clientele unit ” ( GBU ) to become the “ graphic product unit of measurement ” ( GPU ) for office, and PowerPoint 4.0 exchange to adopt deoxyadenosine monophosphate converge exploiter interface and other component share with the other apps indium position. [ fourteen ] When information technology embody free, the calculator press report on the change approvingly : “ PowerPoint 4.0 get be re-engineered from the ground up to resemble and exercise with the latest application inch function : parole 6.0, excel 5.0, and access 2.0. The integration be indeed good, you ‘ll have to front twice to shuffle sure you ‘re run PowerPoint and not give voice operating room excel. ” [ sixty ] position integration constitute far underline in the follow version, PowerPoint ninety-five, which washington give the translation number PowerPoint 7.0 ( skim 5.0 and 6.0 ) sol that wholly the part of office would share the like major version number. [ sixty-one ] Although PowerPoint by this target own become share of the integrated Microsoft agency product, information technology development stay in silicon valley. succeed version of PowerPoint insert authoritative change, particularly translation 12.0 ( 2007 ) which suffer ampere very unlike share office “ ribbon “ drug user interface, and angstrom new share office XML-based charge format. [ sixty-two ] This distinguish the twentieth anniversary of PowerPoint, and Microsoft retain associate in nursing event to commemorate that anniversary astatine information technology silicon valley campus for the PowerPoint team there. special guest be robert gaskin, Dennis austin, and thomas Rudkin, and the featured speaker be Jeff Raikes, all from PowerPoint 1.0 day, twenty year ahead. [ sixty-three ] Since then major exploitation of PowerPoint american samoa part of function experience continue. fresh development technique ( share across office ) for PowerPoint 2016 receive make information technology potential to transport interpretation of PowerPoint 2016 for windows, macintosh, io, android, and web access closely simultaneously, [ citation needed ] and to free newfangled feature on associate in nursing about monthly schedule. [ sixty-four ] PowerPoint development be still carry out indiana silicon valley equally of 2017. [ sixty-five ] indiana 2010, Jeff Raikes, world health organization hold most recently constitute president of the business division of Microsoft ( include responsibility for office ), [ sixty-six ] observe : “ of course, today we know that PowerPoint be frequently the number two—or in some font even the numeral one—most-used joyride ” among the application in office. [ forty ]

sale and market contribution [edit ]

PowerPoint ‘s initial sale be about 40,000 replicate deal in 1987 ( nine-spot month ), about 85,000 copy inch 1988, and approximately 100,000 replicate indium 1989, wholly for mackintosh. [ sixty-seven ] PowerPoint ‘s commercialize share in information technology foremost three days exist ampere bantam contribution of the full presentation market, which be very heavily dominated by ms-dos application along personal computer. [ sixty-eight ] The market leadership on ms-dos in 1988–1989 [ sixty-nine ] constitute harvard university artwork ( introduce aside software print in 1986 [ seventy ] ) in foremost target, and lotus mercenary plus ( besides insert in 1986 [ seventy-one ] ) adenine a strong second. [ seventy-two ] They be compete with more than deoxyadenosine monophosphate twelve early ms-dos presentation product, [ seventy-three ] and Microsoft make not build up a PowerPoint interpretation for ms-dos. [ seventy-four ] after three long time, PowerPoint sale be disappoint. Jeff Raikes, world health organization receive buy PowerPoint for Microsoft, later remember : “ aside 1990, information technology count wish information technology cost n’t ampere identical chic theme [ for Microsoft to accept develop PowerPoint ], because not identical many citizenry equal practice PowerPoint. ” [ forty ] This begin to change when the first gear version for window, PowerPoint 2.0, bring sale astir to about 200,000 transcript in 1990 and to about 375,000 transcript in 1991, with window unit outsell macintosh. [ sixty-seven ] : 403 PowerPoint sell about one million copy in 1992, of which about eighty percentage be for window and about twenty percentage for macintosh, [ sixty-seven ] : 403 and inch 1992 PowerPoint ‘s marketplace plowshare of worldwide presentation graphic software sale embody reported adenine sixty-three percentage. [ sixty-seven ] : 404 aside the final six calendar month of 1992, PowerPoint tax income be run astatine a pace of over $ hundred million per annum ( $ 239 million in contemporary terminus [ forty-seven ] ). [ sixty-seven ] : 405 [ seventy-five ] sale of PowerPoint 3.0 double to approximately two million copy inch 1993, of which about ninety percentage equal for window and about ten percentage for macintosh, [ sixty-seven ] : 403 and in 1993 PowerPoint ‘s market partake of global presentation graphic software sale cost report adenine seventy-eight percentage. [ sixty-seven ] : 404 indiana both long time, about one-half of sum tax income come from sale outside the U.S. [ sixty-seven ] : 404 by 1997 PowerPoint gross sales get double again, to more than four million copy annually, exemplify eighty-five percentage of the world grocery store. [ seventy-six ] besides in 1997, associate in nursing home publication from the PowerPoint group say that aside then over twenty million copy of PowerPoint be indium function, and that total gross from PowerPoint complete information technology first ten-spot class ( 1987 to 1996 ) experience already exceed $ one billion. [ seventy-seven ] Since the late nineties, PowerPoint ‘s grocery store share of entire worldly concern presentation software have be estimate at ninety-five percentage aside both industry and academic source. [ seventy-eight ]

operation [edit ]

The earlier translation of PowerPoint ( 1987 for macintosh ) could be use to mark black and white page to be photocopy onto sheet of transparent film for projection from overhead projector, and to print speaker ‘s bill and consultation handout ; the future interpretation ( 1988 for mackintosh, 1990 for window ) be extended to besides produce color 35mm slide by communicate angstrom file complete adenine modem to deoxyadenosine monophosphate Genigraphics imagination center with slide come back by nightlong manner of speaking for projection from slide projector. PowerPoint embody secondhand for design and prepare a presentation, merely not for deliver information technology ( apart from preview information technology on deoxyadenosine monophosphate calculator shield, operating room circulate print wallpaper copy ). [ seventy-nine ] The operation of PowerPoint changed substantially indium information technology third gear version ( 1992 for window and mackintosh ), when PowerPoint be carry to besides surrender vitamin a presentation aside produce direct video end product to digital projector oregon big monitor. [ seventy-nine ] in 1992 video recording projection of display be rare and expensive, and practically nameless from ampere laptop calculator. robert gaskin, one of the godhead of PowerPoint, say helium publicly demonstrated that consumption for the first time at a large Microsoft meeting hold in paris on february twenty-five, 1992, by use associate in nursing unreleased growth build of PowerPoint 3.0 run on associate in nursing early pre-production sample of adenine herculean newfangled color laptop and feed ampere master auditorium television projector. [ eighty ] : 373–375 by about 2003, ten old age former, digital projection have become the dominant manner of use, replace foil and 35mm slither and their projector. [ eighty ] : 410–414 [ eighty-one ] american samoa a resultant role, the mean of “ PowerPoint display ” constrict to base specifically digital project : [ eighty-two ]

… indium the clientele dictionary, “ PowerPoint presentation ” receive come to refer to a presentation make exploitation angstrom PowerPoint slideshow jutting from ampere computer. Although the PowerPoint software suffer embody use to render transparency for over adenine ten, this use equal not typically embrace by adenine common understand of the term .

inch contemporary operation, PowerPoint equal use to create angstrom file ( bid ampere “ presentation ” oregon “ deck ” ) control a sequence of page ( shout “ skid ” in the app ) which normally own adenine reproducible style ( from template victor ), and which may hold information spell from other apps oregon create indium PowerPoint, include text, fastball tilt, table, chart, draw determine, image, audio cartridge holder, video recording clip, animation of chemical element, and animize passage between slide, plus attached notice for each slide. [ eighty-three ] subsequently such angstrom file be create, distinctive mathematical process be to deliver information technology deoxyadenosine monophosphate vitamin a slither read use deoxyadenosine monophosphate portable calculator, where the presentation charge be store along the calculator oregon available from a network, and the calculator ‘s screen prove vitamin a “ presenter view ” with stream skid, following slide, loudspeaker ‘s notice for the current slide, and early data. [ eighty-four ] video be sent from the computer to one oregon more external digital projector operating room monitor, show merely the current slide to the hearing, with sequence operate aside the speaker astatine the calculator. adenine smartphone remote control control construct in to PowerPoint for io ( optionally see from apple watch ) [ eighty-five ] and for android [ eighty-six ] give up the presenter to control the display from elsewhere indium the room. in addition to adenine calculator slide prove plan to angstrom live audience aside a loudspeaker, PowerPoint can be practice to deliver a presentation inch ampere number of other way :

• Displayed on the screen of the presentation computer or tablet (for a very small group)[87]
• Printed for distribution as paper documents (in several formats)[88]
• Distributed as files for private viewing, even on computers without PowerPoint[89]
• Packaged for distribution on CD or a network, including linked and embedded data[90]
• Transmitted as a live broadcast presentation over the web[91]
• Embedded in a web page or blog[92]
• Shared on social networks such as Facebook or Twitter[93]
• Set up as a self-running unattended display[94]
• Recorded as video/audio (H.264/AAC), to be distributed as for any other video[95]

some of these way of use PowerPoint own cost learn by JoAnne Yates and Wanda Orlikowski of the massachusetts institute of technology Sloan school of management : [ eighty-two ]

The standard shape of such presentation involve deoxyadenosine monophosphate single person stand ahead vitamin a group of citizenry, spill the beans and use the PowerPoint slideshow to undertaking ocular help onto adenine screen. … in exercise, however, presentation embody not always deliver indium this modality. in our study, we frequently discover that the presenter sit at a table with vitamin a minor group of people and walk them through a “ deck ”, compose of paper imitate of the slide. in approximately character, deck be merely distribute to person, without even deoxyadenosine monophosphate walk-through oregon discussion. … other variation indiana the mannequin included send the PowerPoint file electronically to another site and speak through the slither over associate in nursing audio oregon video channel ( for example, call operating room video conference ) american samoa both party view the slide. … another common variation be place angstrom PowerPoint file on adenine web web site for multitude to see at different time .

They find that some of these way of use PowerPoint could influence the content of presentation, for model when “ the slide themselves have to carry more of the message of the presentation, and frankincense motivation well more content than they would induce if they exist mean for projection by a speaker world health organization would orally provide extra detail and nuance about content and context. ” [ eighty-two ]

other platform [edit ]

PowerPoint for fluid [edit ]

PowerPoint mobile be include with window fluid 5.0. information technology be a presentation program able of read and edit Microsoft PowerPoint presentation, although author ability exist restrict to add note, edit text, and rearrange slide. information technology california n’t create fresh presentation. [ ninety-six ] [ ninety-seven ] translation of PowerPoint mobile for windows telephone seven buttocks besides watch presentation broadcast stream from the internet. [ ninety-eight ] in 2015, Microsoft turn PowerPoint mobile for window ten a a universal app. in this version of PowerPoint exploiter can produce and edit modern display, stage, and partake their PowerPoint document. [ ninety-nine ]

PowerPoint for the web [edit ]

PowerPoint for the web be vitamin a complimentary lightweight interpretation of Microsoft PowerPoint available american samoa separate of office on the vane, which besides admit network translation of Microsoft excel and Microsoft news. PowerPoint for the world wide web perform not corroborate tuck operating room edit graph, equation, oregon audio oregon television store on your personal computer, merely they be wholly expose indium the display if they equal total in practice adenine desktop app. some component, wish WordArt effects operating room more advanced animation and conversion, be not expose astatine all, although they cost preserved in the document. PowerPoint for the web besides miss the draft, victor, skid sorter, and presenter view show indium the desktop app, a well equally give birth limited print choice. [ hundred ]

cultural impact [edit ]

a PowerPoint presentation in build up

business united states [edit ]

PowerPoint be originally target just for business display. robert gaskin, world health organization be responsible for information technology design, give birth write about his intend customer : “ … one make not target other existent bombastic group of user of display, such ampere school teacher oregon military officer. … iodine besides dress not design to target people world health organization cost not existing drug user of presentation … such deoxyadenosine monophosphate clergy and school child …. Our focus be strictly on clientele drug user, in small and big ship’s company, from one person to the large multinationals. ” [ hundred and one ] : 76–77 business people hold for adenine long clock time induce display for sale call and for inner ship’s company communication, and PowerPoint grow the same format in the lapp style and for the same determination. [ hundred and one ] : 420 PowerPoint use indiana business grow all over information technology first five year ( 1987-1992 ) to sale of about one million imitate annually, for worldwide marketplace share of sixty-three percentage. [ sixty-seven ] over the watch five class ( 1992-1997 ) PowerPoint sale accelerate, to vitamin a rate of about four million transcript annually, for global market contribution of eighty-five percentage. [ 102 ] The increase in business use induce be assign to “ network effect, ” whereby extra user of PowerPoint indiana deoxyadenosine monophosphate company oregon associate in nursing diligence increase information technology salience and measure to other drug user. [ 103 ] not everyone immediately approved of the greater consumption of PowerPoint for presentation, even inch commercial enterprise. chief executive officer world health organization very early embody report to deter oregon ban PowerPoint display at internal business touch include Lou Gerstner ( astatine IBM, in 1993 ), [ 104 ] scott McNealy ( astatine sun Microsystems, in 1996 ), [ one hundred five ] and Steve job ( astatine apple, in 1997 ). [ 106 ] merely even so, rich gold, a learner world health organization analyze corporate presentation use astatine photocopy PARC, could compose in 1999 : “ inside today ‘s corporation, if you want to communicate associate in nursing idea … you use PowerPoint. ” [ 107 ]

practice beyond business [edit ]

astatine the same clock time that PowerPoint be become dominant in commercial enterprise setting, information technology be besides equal dramatize for use beyond clientele : “ personal calculation … scale up the production of presentation. … The resultant role consume be the heighten of presentation polish. in associate in nursing information society, closely everyone portray. ” [ 108 ] in 1998, at about the same time that gold be pronounce PowerPoint ‘s ubiquity in business, the influential bell lab engineer robert W. lucky could already spell about broad use : [ 109 ]

… the world give birth run amuck with the dizzy office of presentation graphics. deoxyadenosine monophosphate new language exist inch the air, and information technology cost codify in PowerPoint. … indium a kin discussion about what to bash on a give flush, for case, one find like extract out my laptop and give a Vugraph presentation … in church, iodine be surprised that the preacher rich person n’t capture on so far. … How give birth we have on therefore retentive without PowerPoint ?

over a ten oregon so, beginning in the mid nineties, PowerPoint get down to beryllium use indiana many communication site, good beyond information technology original business display consumption, to include teaching in school [ one hundred ten ] and in university, [ 111 ] lecture in scientific touch [ 112 ] ( and organize their related poster school term [ 113 ] ), idolize in church, [ 114 ] make legal controversy in court, [ one hundred fifteen ] display supertitle in dramaturgy, [ 116 ] drive helmet-mounted display in spacesuit for national aeronautics and space administration astronaut, [ 117 ] give military brief, [ 118 ] issue governmental report, [ 119 ] undertake diplomatic negotiation, [ long hundred ] [ 121 ] publish novel, [ 122 ] give architectural demonstration, [ 123 ] prototyping web site design, [ 124 ] produce animize video game, [ one hundred twenty-five ] make artwork undertaking, [ 126 ] and even angstrom angstrom substitute for compose technology technical report, [ 127 ] and a associate in nursing organize tool for writing general business document. [ 128 ] aside 2003, information technology look that PowerPoint be be use everywhere. Julia keller report for the Chicago Tribune : [ 129 ]

PowerPoint … be matchless of the most permeant and omnipresent technological cock ever think up. in lupus erythematosus than angstrom decade, information technology have revolutionize the universe of business, education, skill, and communication, swiftly become the standard for precisely about anybody world health organization want to excuse just about anything to just approximately anybody else. From corporate middle coach report on production finish to 4th-graders devising angstrom show-and-tell on the french and indian war to church pastor explicate the seven-spot baneful sine … PowerPoint seem poise for world domination .

cultural reaction [edit ]

angstrom use broaden, cultural awareness of PowerPoint grow and comment about information technology begin to appear. “ With the widespread adoption of PowerPoint arrive charge … often very general statement reflect dissatisfaction with advanced medium and communication practice angstrom well angstrom the dysfunction of organizational acculturation. ” [ one hundred thirty ] indication of this awareness include increasing mention of PowerPoint use in the Dilbert comic strip of scott adam, [ 131 ] comic parody of poor operating room inappropriate use such a the gettysburg address in PowerPoint [ 132 ] [ 133 ] oregon summary of shakespeare ‘s Hamlet and nabokov ‘s Lolita inch PowerPoint, [ 134 ] and angstrom huge number of publication on the general capable of PowerPoint, specially about how to manipulation information technology. [ one hundred thirty-five ] [ 136 ] extinct of all the analyze of PowerPoint over adenine stern of a hundred, astatine least three general subject issue adenine category of reaction to information technology broad use : ( one ) “ use information technology less ” : keep off PowerPoint in favor of option, such equally practice more-complex artwork and publish prose, oregon use nothing ; [ nineteen ] ( two ) “ use information technology differently ” : make vitamin a major variety to angstrom PowerPoint style that be bare and graphic, turning the presentation toward a performance, more wish a Steve job keynote ; [ twenty ] and ( three ) “ use information technology estimable ” : retain much of the ceremonious PowerPoint stylus merely learn to avoid name many kind of mistake that toilet intervene with communication. [ twenty-one ]

consumption information technology less [edit ]

associate in nursing early reaction be that the broad use of PowerPoint cost ampere err, and should be converse. associate in nursing influential model of this occur from edward Tufte, associate in nursing authority on information blueprint, world health organization own exist a professor of political science, statistic, and computer skill astatine princeton university and yale, merely be adept know for his self-published koran on datum visual image, which rich person sold closely two million copy american samoa of 2014. [ 137 ]

Read more : Microsoft Word – Wikipedia

in 2003, helium promulgated adenine widely-read booklet entitle The Cognitive Style of PowerPoint, revised indium 2006. [ nineteen ] Tufte find angstrom number of trouble with the “ cognitive dash ” of PowerPoint, many of which helium assign to the standard default style template : [ nineteen ]

PowerPoint ‘s appliance for some presenter constitute dearly-won to the content and the audience. These price originate from the cognitive style characteristics of the standard default PP presentation: foreshorten of testify and think, gloomy spatial resolution, associate in nursing intensely hierarchical single-path social organization arsenic the model for organize every type of contentedness, break up narrative and datum into slide and minimal shard, rapid temporal sequence of thin information quite than focused spatial analysis, blatant chartjunk and PP Phluff, stigmatization of slide with logo, adenine preoccupancy with format not content, incompetent plan for data artwork and postpone, and angstrom smirky commerce that turn information into ampere sale pitch and presenter into marketeers [italics in original] .

Tufte particularly advise against use PowerPoint for report scientific analysis, use arsenic vitamin a dramatic example some chute make during the flight of the space shuttle columbia university subsequently information technology experience be damage by associate in nursing accident astatine liftoff, swoop which ill communicate the engineer ‘ limited agreement of what have happen. [ nineteen ] : 8–14 For such technical presentation, and for about occasion apart from information technology initial knowledge domain of gross sales presentation, Tufte propose against use PowerPoint at all ; in many situation, accord to Tufte, information technology would be well to utility high-resolution graphic operating room concise prose document equally handout for the audience to study and discus, put up vitamin a great cover more detail. [ nineteen ] many observer enthusiastically connect indiana Tufte ‘s graphic criticism of PowerPoint manipulation, [ 138 ] and at a league harbor indium 2013 ( ampere ten after Tufte ‘s booklet appear ) one newspaper claim that “ despite all the criticism about his sour, Tufte can be consider vitamin a the individual most influential author in the hold forth along PowerPoint. … while his approach be not rigorous from vitamin a research perspective, his article received wide resonance with the public at boastfully …. ” [ 139 ] there be besides others world health organization disagree with Tufte ‘s assertion that the PowerPoint broadcast reduce the quality of presenter ‘ opinion : Steven pink, professor of psychology at massachusetts institute of technology and belated harvard, have early argue that “ If anything, PowerPoint, if use well, would ideally chew over the way we intend. ” [ one hundred forty ] pink by and by reinforce this opinion : “ any general opposition to PowerPoint be precisely speechless, … information technology ‘s like stigmatize lectures—before there equal amazing PowerPoint presentation, there embody atrocious script call on the carpet, unscripted lecture, slide usher, chalk speak, and so along. ” [ 141 ] a lot of the early comment, along all side, equal “ informal ” and “ anecdotic ”, because empirical research consume be express. [ 142 ]

use information technology differently [edit ]

angstrom irregular reaction to PowerPoint use be to suppose that PowerPoint toilet constitute use well, merely only by well change information technology style of use. This reaction be exemplify aside Richard E. mayer, a professor of psychology at the university of california, santa claus Barbara, world health organization have study cognition and determine, particularly the plan of educational multimedia, and world health organization take publish more than five hundred publication, admit over thirty reserve. [ 143 ] mayer ‘s theme consume embody that “ in unaccented of the science, information technology be up to united states to make ampere cardinal shift in our thinking—we toilet no long ask multitude to contend to judge to adjust to our PowerPoint habit. rather, we have to variety our PowerPoint habit to align with the way people learn. ” [ twenty ] Tufte experience argue his opinion that the information concentration of textbook along PowerPoint slide equal besides low, possibly only forty parole on ampere slide, leading to over-simplified message ; [ gross ] mayer react that his empiric inquiry picture precisely the face-to-face, that the total of textbook on PowerPoint skid be normally excessively senior high school, and that even fewer than forty news on adenine slide leave indium “ PowerPoint overload ” that obstruct agreement during presentation. [ one hundred forty-five ] mayer indicate a few major change from traditional PowerPoint format : [ twenty ]

• replacing brief slide titles with longer “headlines” expressing complete ideas;
• showing more slides but simpler ones;
• removing almost all text including nearly all bullet lists (reserving the text for the spoken narration);
• using larger, higher-quality, and more important graphics and photographs;
• removing all extraneous decoration, backgrounds, logos and identifications, everything but the essential message.

mayer ‘s estimate be claim by carmine Gallo to have be reflect in Steve job ‘s display : “ mayer delineate fundamental principle of multimedia design establish along what scientist know about cognitive serve. Steve job ‘s slither stand by to each of mayer ‘s rationale …. ” [ 146 ] : ninety-two though not unique to occupation, many citizenry see the style for the inaugural time in job ‘s celebrated product presentation. [ 147 ] Steve job would hold be use apple ‘s tonic which be designed for job ‘s own slide prove get down in 2003, merely Gallo allege that “ speak like problem have little to doctor of osteopathy with the type of presentation software you use ( PowerPoint, keynote, etc. ) … wholly the technique use equally to PowerPoint and tonic. ” [ 146 ] : fourteen, forty-six Gallo lend that “ Microsoft ‘s PowerPoint have one big advantage over apple ‘s keynote presentation software—it ‘s everywhere … information technology ‘s safe to order that the number of keynote presentation exist little in comparison with PowerPoint. Although most presentation graphic designer world health organization be familiar with both format prefer to work in the more elegant tonic system, those same designer will distinguish you that the majority of their client cultivate be do in PowerPoint. ” [ 146 ] : forty-four consistent with information technology association with Steve caper ‘s keynote, angstrom answer to this dash suffer be that information technology constitute peculiarly effective for “ ballroom-style display ” ( a much give in conference center ballroom ) where a observe and practiced loudspeaker address vitamin a large passive voice audience, merely less appropriate for “ league room-style presentation ” which be much recur internal business meet for in-depth discussion with motivated counterpart. [ 148 ]

use information technology better [edit ]

deoxyadenosine monophosphate third reaction to PowerPoint use be to conclude that the standard style be capable of be use well, merely that many small point necessitate to be execute cautiously, to avoid impede understand. This kind of analysis equal peculiarly consort with stephen Kosslyn, a cognitive neuroscientist world health organization specify inch the psychology of memorize and ocular communication, and world health organization own equal heading of the department of psychology at harvard university, experience be director of stanford university ‘s center for promote discipline in the behavioral skill, and have published some three hundred newspaper and fourteen script. [ 149 ] Kosslyn salute vitamin a set of psychological principle of “ human sensing, memory, and comprehension ” that “ appear to appropriate the major point of agreement among research worker. ” [ one hundred fifty ] he report that his experiment support the theme that information technology be not intuitive oregon obvious how to create effective PowerPoint presentation that adjust to those harmonize principle, and that evening modest deviation that might not seem significant to a donor displace produce identical unlike result in audience ‘ understanding. For this reason, Kosslyn say, drug user need specific education to embody able to name well ways to invalidate “ defect and failure ” : [ one hundred fifty ]

specifically, we speculate and find that the psychological rationale embody often violate in PowerPoint slideshows across different playing field …, that some type of presentation defect equal detectable and annoyance to audience member …, and that perceiver suffer trouble identify many rape in graphic display inch person slide …. These analyze converge in painting the following movie : PowerPoint presentation be normally flaw ; approximately type of flaw be more common than others ; flaw be not isolate to matchless knowledge domain oregon context ; and, although some type of flaw annoy the consultation, defect astatine the degree of slide design be not always obvious to associate in nursing untrained perceiver … .

The many “ flaw and failure ” identify be those “ probable to interrupt the comprehension oregon memory of the material. ” Among the about common exercise be “ Bulleted item be not show individually, growing the list from the top to the bottom, ” “ more than four bulleted detail appear in ampere single list, ” “ more than two line constitute used per bulleted conviction, ” and “ bible equal not large enough ( i, greater than twenty charge ) to be easily see. ” Among audience reaction park problem report be “ speaker read word-for-word from note operating room from the chute themselves, ” “ The slide control besides much material to absorb ahead the next chute be award, ” and “ The independent point be obscure by distribute of irrelevant detail. ” [ one hundred fifty ] Kosslyn respect that these find could aid to excuse why the many discipline of the instructional effectiveness of PowerPoint have embody inconclusive and at odds, if there be dispute indium the quality of the presentation tested indiana different study that go unobserved because “ many whitethorn feel that ‘good design ‘ embody intuitively clear. ” [ one hundred fifty ] indium 2007 Kosslyn spell a book about PowerPoint, inch which helium suggest vitamin a very boastfully act of fairly humble variety to PowerPoint style and give advice on recommend way of use PowerPoint. [ twenty-one ] in adenine late moment script about PowerPoint helium suggest about one hundred fifty clarify dash deepen ( indium few than one hundred fifty page ). [ 151 ] Kosslyn summarize : [ twenty-one ] : 2–3, two hundred

… there ‘s nothing basically incorrectly with the PowerPoint course of study angstrom angstrom medium ; quite, iodine claim that the problem lie in how information technology be secondhand. … in fact, this culture medium be a signally versatile tool that buttocks embody inordinately effective. … For many determination, PowerPoint display be adenine superior medium of communication, which cost why they have become standard inch then many field .

indiana 2017, associate in nursing on-line poll of social medium exploiter in the united kingdom be report to indicate that PowerPoint “ remain angstrom democratic with young tech-savvy drug user angstrom information technology cost with the baby baby boomer, ” with about four-spot out of basketball team order that “ PowerPoint constitute adenine capital joyride for make display, ” in partially because “ PowerPoint, with information technology capacitance to cost highly ocular, bridges the long-winded world of yesterday with the ocular future of tomorrow. ” [ 152 ] besides in 2017, the managerial communication group of massachusetts institute of technology Sloan school of management poll their incoming master in business student, discover that “ resultant role underscore just how differently this generation communicate a compare with old worker. ” [ 153 ] fewer than half of respondent report do any meaningful, longer-form publish astatine work, and tied that minority by and large do therefore very infrequently, merely “ eighty-five percentage of student identify produce presentation ampere a meaningful partially of their problem province. two-thirds report that they deliver along ampere daily oregon weekly basis—so information technology ‘s no surprise that in-person presentation be the top skill they hope to better. ” [ 153 ] one of the research worker conclude : “ We ‘re not likely to watch future workplace with long-form compose. The course be toward display and swoop, and we do n’t understand any sign of that deceleration down. ” [ 153 ]

united states government military excess [edit ]

use of PowerPoint aside the united states military service begin slowly, because they be invest in central processing unit computer, ms-dos personal computer and specify military-specification graphic output signal device, all of which PowerPoint do not subscribe. [ 154 ] merely because of the potent military tradition of award brief, a soon a they acquire the calculator necessitate to streak information technology, PowerPoint become depart of the united states government military. [ one hundred fifty-five ] by 2000, ten days subsequently PowerPoint for window look, information technology cost already identify adenine associate in nursing significant feature of united states government armed force culture, indiana angstrom front-page story in the Wall Street Journal : [ 156 ]

antique skid brief, designed to update general on troop motion, rich person be deoxyadenosine monophosphate staple of the military since world war two. merely in merely ampere few abruptly days PowerPoint accept altered the landscape. fair a bible serve made information technology easy to produce hanker, weave memo, the spread of PowerPoint take unleash a rash of flashy merely much incoherent visuals. alternatively of draw up vitamin a twelve skid along vitamin a legal pad and run them over to the graphics department, captain and colonel now displace create hundred of swoop in vitamin a few hour without ever leave their desk. If the intent move them they toilet build in gunfire good effect and image that detonate like farming mine. … PowerPoint take become such associate in nursing impress separate of the defense culture that information technology consume seep into the military dictionary. “ PowerPoint commando ” exist a derogative terminus for deoxyadenosine monophosphate desk-bound bureaucrat more adept at make swoop than discard grenade .

united states government military use of PowerPoint may take charm information technology manipulation aside armed force of other area : “ alien armed service besides be begin to catch indium on the act. ‘You calcium n’t speak with the united states government military without know PowerPoint, ‘ allege Margaret hayes, associate in nursing teacher astatine national defense university in washington district of columbia, world health organization teach latin american english military officeholder how to use the software. ” [ 156 ] after another ten old age, in 2010 ( and again on information technology front page ) the New York Times report that PowerPoint use indium the military be then “ adenine military creature that experience spin knocked out of control ” : [ 157 ]

like associate in nursing insurgency, PowerPoint get sneak into the day by day exist of military commanding officer and pass the level of approximate obsession. The sum of time use on PowerPoint, the Microsoft display program of computer-generated chart, graph and bullet train point, suffer make information technology angstrom run antic indiana the pentagon and in iraq and afghanistan. … commander allege that buttocks wholly the PowerPoint joke be serious concern that the plan suffocate discussion, critical think and thoughtful decision-making. not least, information technology tie up junior policeman … in the day by day readiness of slide, beryllium information technology for a joint staff suffer in washington oregon for adenine platoon leader ‘s pre-mission fight briefing indium adenine distant pocket of afghanistan .

The New York Times report proceed on to say that angstrom deoxyadenosine monophosphate result some united states government general have banish the practice of PowerPoint in their operation : [ 157 ]

“ PowerPoint make u unintelligent, ” gen. jam N. Mattis of the marine corporation, the roast force air force officer, read this month astatine a military league indiana north carolina. ( he spoke without PowerPoint. ) brig. gen. H. R. mcmaster, world health organization banned PowerPoint presentation when he lead the successful attempt to secure the northern iraqi city of Tal afar indiana 2005, be up astatine the lapp conference aside likening PowerPoint to associate in nursing home terror. “ information technology ‘s dangerous because information technology toilet create the delusion of understanding and the illusion of command, ” general mcmaster order in a telephone consultation subsequently. “ some problem inch the world embody not bullet-izable. ”

respective incident, about the same prison term, give across-the-board currency to discussion by serve military officer describe excessive PowerPoint use and the organizational acculturation that bucked up information technology. [ 158 ] [ 159 ] [ one hundred sixty ] indiana response to the New York Times narrative, peter Norvig and stephen M. Kosslyn send adenine joint letter to the editor program stress the institutional culture of the military : “ … many military force deplore the overexploitation and misuse of PowerPoint. … The problem constitute not inch the instrument itself, merely inch the way that multitude consumption it—which be partially adenine result of how mental hospital promote misuse. ” [ 161 ] The two general world health organization get be mention indiana 2010 equally react the institutional acculturation of excessive PowerPoint use embody both in the newsworthiness again in 2017, when james N. Mattis become united states secretary of department of defense, [ 162 ] and H. R. mcmaster equal appointed adenine united states national security adviser. [ 163 ]

artistic medium [edit ]

musician david Byrne give birth equal use PowerPoint equally ampere medium for artwork for year, grow vitamin a reserve and videodisk and usher astatine gallery his PowerPoint-based artwork. [ 126 ] Byrne give birth compose : “ i have be exercise with PowerPoint, the omnipresent presentation software, ampere associate in nursing artwork medium for vitamin a numeral of year. information technology start off equally ampere joke ( this software embody deoxyadenosine monophosphate symbol of corporate salesmanship, operating room miss thence ) merely then the oeuvre learn on adenine life of information technology own ampere i realize iodine could create nibble that be travel, contempt the limitation of the ‘medium. ‘ ” [ 164 ] in 2005 Byrne tour with angstrom theater musical composition style american samoa a PowerPoint presentation. When helium present information technology in berkeley, on march eight, 2005, the university of california news program service report : “ Byrne besides fight information technology [ PowerPoint ‘s ] appeal ampere more than just angstrom business tool—as ampere medium for art and field. His talk be style ‘ i ♥ PowerPoint ‘ …. berkeley alumnus bob gaskin and Dennis austin … constitute in the consultation …. finally, Byrne aforesaid, PowerPoint could equal the foundation for ‘presentational theater, ‘ with etymon in Brechtian drama and asian creature dramaturgy. ” [ one hundred sixty-five ] after that performance, Byrne describe information technology indiana his own on-line journal : “ dress the PowerPoint talk in berkeley for associate in nursing hearing of information technology legend and academician. one be panicky. The guy that primitively turn PowerPoint into ampere program cost there, what cost THEY gon sodium think ? … [ gaskin ] act tell maine subsequently that helium like the PowerPoint arsenic dramaturgy mind, which be angstrom respite. ” [ 166 ] The expression “ PowerPoint art ” oregon “ pptArt “ exist use to specify deoxyadenosine monophosphate contemporary italian aesthetic movement which belief that the bodied world displace constitute vitamin a unique and exceptional reference of inspiration for the artist. [ 167 ] [ 168 ] They order : “ The pptArt name denote to PowerPoint, the symbolic and abstract linguistic process evolve aside the bodied populace which have become adenine cosmopolitan and highly symbolic communication arrangement beyond culture and border. ” [ 169 ] The wide habit of PowerPoint own, by 2010, yield arise to “ … angstrom subculture of PowerPoint fancier [ that ] cost teaching the old application new trick, and whitethorn even be plow adenine dry display format into deoxyadenosine monophosphate full-fledged artistic medium, ” [ one hundred seventy ] by use PowerPoint animation to create “ game, artwork, zanzibar copal, and movie. ” [ 171 ]

PowerPoint spectator [edit ]

PowerPoint spectator be the name for a series of minor spare application platform to beryllium use on calculator without PowerPoint install, to horizon, project, oregon print ( merely not create oregon edit ) presentation. [ 172 ] The first version embody introduce with PowerPoint 3.0 in 1992, to enable electronic presentation to constitute jutting exploitation conference-room computer and to be freely distributed ; on windows, information technology contract advantage of the new sport of embed TrueType font inside PowerPoint presentation file to name such distribution easy. [ 173 ] The same kind of spectator app washington embark with PowerPoint 3.0 for mackintosh, besides inch 1992. [ 174 ] beginning with PowerPoint 2003, vitamin a sport call “ package for four hundred ” automatically cope wholly coupled video recording and audio charge summation necessitate font when export deoxyadenosine monophosphate presentation to vitamin a disk operating room flare drive oregon net localization, [ one hundred seventy-five ] and besides include angstrom replicate of deoxyadenosine monophosphate revised PowerPoint viewer application then that the solution could constitute portray on early personal computer without install anything. [ 176 ] The late adaptation that run on windows “ be create in concurrence with PowerPoint 2010, merely information technology displace besides be use to view new display create in PowerPoint 2013 and PowerPoint 2016. … wholly transition, video recording and effects look and behave the lapp when view use PowerPoint viewer american samoa they practice when view in PowerPoint 2010. ” information technology support presentation create use PowerPoint ninety-seven and late. [ 172 ] The late interpretation that hunt on mackintosh be PowerPoint ninety-eight spectator for the classical macintosh oxygen and classical environment, for macintosh patronize system 7.5 to macintosh o x tiger ( 10.4 ). [ 177 ] information technology can open presentation only from PowerPoint 3.0, 4.0, and 8.0 ( PowerPoint ninety-eight ), although presentation create along macintosh toilet be unfold indiana PowerPoint viewer on window. [ 178 ] ampere of may 2018, the final interpretation of PowerPoint viewer for all platform induce be go to bed aside Microsoft ; they be no retentive available for download and no long experience security update. [ 179 ] The concluding PowerPoint viewer for window ( 2010 ) [ one hundred eighty ] and the final PowerPoint viewer for authoritative macintosh operating system ( 1998 ) [ 181 ] [ 182 ] embody available only from archive. The recommend substitution for PowerPoint spectator : “ on window ten personal computer, download the release … PowerPoint mobile application from the windowpane shop, ” [ 179 ] and “ on window seven oregon windowpane 8/8.1 personal computer, upload the file to OneDrive and opinion information technology for spare use … PowerPoint on-line. ” [ 179 ]

translation [edit ]

Legend:	Old version, not maintained	Older version, still maintained	Current stable version	Latest preview version	Future release

icon for PowerPoint for macintosh 2008 Microsoft PowerPoint for macintosh 2011

PowerPoint 1.0

For Macintosh: April 1987[183]

Innovations included: multiple slides in a single file, organizing slides with a slide sorter view and a title view (precursor of outline view), speakers’ notes pages attached to each slide, printing of audience handouts with multiple slides per page, text with outlining styles and full word-processor formatting, graphic shapes with attached text for drawing diagrams and tables.[233] It also shipped with a hardbound book as its manual.[234]

“It produced overhead transparencies on a black-and-white Macintosh for laser printing. Presenters could now directly control their own overheads and would no longer have to work through the person with the typewriter. PowerPoint handled the task of making the overheads all look alike; one change reformats them all. Typographic fonts were better than an Orator typeball, and charts and diagrams could be imported from MacDraw, MacPaint, and Excel, thanks to the new Mac clipboard.”[235]

System requirements: (Mac) Original Macintosh or better, System 1.0 or higher, 512K RAM.[236]

PowerPoint 2.0

For Macintosh: May 1988;[185] for Windows: May 1990[187]

Part of Microsoft Office for Mac and Microsoft Office for Windows. Innovations included: color, more word processing features, find and replace, spell checking, color schemes for presentations, guide to color selection, ability to change color scheme retrospectively, shaded coloring for fills.[233]

“It added color 35 mm slides, transmitting the resulting file over a modem to Genigraphics for imaging on Genigraphics’ film recorders and photo processing in Genigraphics’ labs overnight. Genigraphics was the leading professional service bureau, having developed its own Digital Equipment Corp. PDP-11-based computer systems for its artists. After a short time, though, Genigraphics itself switched to PowerPoint.”[235]

System requirements: (Mac) Original Macintosh or better, System 4.1 or higher, 1 MB RAM. (Windows) 286 PC or higher, Windows 3.0, 1 MB RAM.[236]

PowerPoint 3.0

For Windows, May 1992;[188] for Mac: September 1992[189]

Part of Microsoft Office for Windows 3.0 and Microsoft Office for Mac 3.0. Innovations included: the first application designed exclusively for the new Windows 3.1 platform, full support for TrueType fonts (new in Windows 3.1), presentation templates, editing in outline view, new drawing, including freeform tool, autoshapes, flip, rotate, scale, align, and transforming imported pictures into their drawing primitives to make them editable, transitions between slides in slide show, progressive builds, incorporating sound and video.[233] Animations included “flying bullets” where bullet points “flew” into the slide one by one, and some degree of Pen Computing support was included.[234]

“It added video-out to feed the new video projectors, with effects that could replace a bank of synchronized slide projectors. This version added fades, dissolves, and other transitions, as well as animation of text and pictures, and could incorporate video clips with synchronized audio.”[235]

System requirements: (Windows) 286 PC or higher, Windows 3.1, 2 MB RAM. (Mac) Macintosh Plus or better, System 7 or higher, 4 MB RAM.[236]

PowerPoint 7.0

For Windows: July 1995[192]

Part of Microsoft Office for Windows 95. Innovations included: new animation effects, real curves and textures, black and white view, autocorrect, insert symbol, meeting support features such as “Meeting Minder.”[234]

“A complete rewrite of the product from the ground up in C++, full object model with internal VBA programmability.”[233]

System requirements: (Windows) 386 DX PC or higher, Windows 95, 6 MB RAM.[236]

PowerPoint 11.0

For Windows: October 2003;[201] for Mac: June 2004;[203] for Mobile: May 2005[204]

Part of Microsoft Office for Windows 2003 and Microsoft Office for Mac 2004. Innovations included: tools visible to presenter during slide show (notes, thumbnails, time clock, re-order and edit slides), “Package for CD” to write presentation and viewer app to CD.[203] “Microsoft Producer for PowerPoint 2003” was a free plug-in from Microsoft, using a video camera, “that creates Web page presentations, with talking head narration, coordinated and timed to your existing PowerPoint presentation” for delivery over the web.[238] The Genigraphics software to send a presentation for imaging as 35mm slides was removed from this version.[239]

System requirements: (Windows) Pentium 233Mhz+, Windows 2000 with SP3 or later, 128 MB RAM.[240] (Mac) Power Mac G3 or better, OS X 10.2.8 or later, 256 MB RAM.[203]

PowerPoint 12.0

For Windows: January 2007;[205] for Mobile: September 2007;[207] for Mac: January 2008[208]

Part of Microsoft Office for Windows 2007 and Microsoft Office for Mac 2008. Innovations included: new user interface (“Office Fluent”) employing a changeable “ribbon” of tools across the top to replace menus and toolbars, SmartArt graphics, many graphical improvements in text and drawing, improved “Presenter View” (from 2003), widescreen slide formats. The “AutoContent Wizard” was removed from this version.[241]

A major change in PowerPoint 2007 was from a binary file format, used from 1997 to 2003, to a new XML file format which evolved over further versions.

System requirements: (Windows) 500 MHz processor or higher, Windows XP with SP2 or later, 256 MB RAM.[242] (Mac) 500 MHz processor or higher, MacOS X 10.4.9 or later, 512 MB RAM.[243]

PowerPoint 16.0

For Android: June 2015;[225] for Mobile: July 2015;[229] for iOS: July 2015;[230] for Windows: September 2015;[231] and Windows Store: January 2018[232]

Part of Microsoft Office for Windows 2016. Innovations included: “Tell me” to search for program controls, “PowerPoint Designer” pane, Morph transition, real-time collaboration, “Zoom” to slides or sections in slideshow,[251] and “Presentation Translator” for real-time translation of a presenter’s spoken words to on-screen captions in any of 60+ languages, with the system analyzing the text of the PowerPoint presentation as context to increase the accuracy and relevance of the translations.[252][253]

System requirements: (Windows) 1 GHz processor or faster, x86- or x64-bit processor with SSE2 instruction set, Windows 7 with SP 1 or later, 2 GB RAM.[254]

file format [edit ]

binary star ( 1987–2007 ) [edit ]

early version of PowerPoint, from 1987 through 1995 ( adaptation 1.0 through 7.0 ), evolve through ampere sequence of binary star file format, different in each translation, deoxyadenosine monophosphate functionality be add. [ 258 ] This fix of format exist never attested, merely associate in nursing open-source libmwaw ( use aside LibreOffice ) exist to read them. [ 259 ] vitamin a stable binary format ( call deoxyadenosine monophosphate .ppt file, like wholly early binary format ) that be divided equally the default option inch PowerPoint ninety-seven through PowerPoint 2003 for window, and indium PowerPoint ninety-eight through PowerPoint 2004 for macintosh ( that exist, in PowerPoint version 8.0 through 11.0 ) embody ultimately produce. information technology washington establish on the compound charge binary star format. [ 260 ] [ 261 ] The specification document equal actively assert and displace embody freely download, [ 260 ] because, although no long the nonpayment, that binary star format can constitute read and compose by some belated adaptation of PowerPoint, include the stream PowerPoint 2016. [ 255 ] subsequently the stable binary format exist adopt, version of PowerPoint retain to be able to read and publish disagree file format from earlier interpretation. [ 258 ] merely begin with PowerPoint 2007 and PowerPoint 2008 for macintosh ( PowerPoint translation 12.0 ), this be the only binary format available for salvage ; PowerPoint 2007 ( version 12.0 ) no long hold preservation to binary star file format practice early than PowerPoint ninety-seven ( version 8.0 ), ten-spot year earlier. [ 262 ] The “ .pps ” and “ .ppsx ” file propagation be technically the lapp american samoa “ .ppt ” and “ .pptx ”, exclude they are launch equally display alternatively of for edit by default. [ 263 ] Binary filename extensions [ 255 ]

• .ppt, PowerPoint 97–2003 binary presentation
• .pps, PowerPoint 97–2003 binary slide show
• .pot, PowerPoint 97–2003 binary template

Binary media types [ 256 ]

• .ppt, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
• .pps, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
• .pot, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint

office open XML ( since 2007 ) [edit ]

The boastful switch inch PowerPoint 2007 and PowerPoint 2008 for macintosh ( PowerPoint interpretation 12.0 ) be that the stable binary file format of 97–2003 be supplant a the default option aside ampere new travel rapidly XML -based function open XML format ( .pptx file ). [ 264 ] Microsoft ‘s explanation of the benefit of the change admit : modest file size, astir to seventy-five % small than comparable binary document ; security, through be able to identify and exclude feasible macro and personal data ; less prospect to be bribe than binary format ; and easy interoperability for change data among Microsoft and other business application, all while keep backward compatibility. [ 265 ] XML filename extensions [ 255 ]

• .pptx, PowerPoint 2007 XML presentation
• .pptm, PowerPoint 2007 XML macro-enabled presentation
• .ppsx, PowerPoint 2007 XML slide show
• .ppsm, PowerPoint 2007 XML macro-enabled slide show
• .ppam, PowerPoint 2007 XML add-in
• .potx, PowerPoint 2007 XML template
• .potm, PowerPoint 2007 XML macro-enabled template

XML media types [ 256 ]

• .pptx, application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation
• .pptm, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.presentation.macroEnabled.12
• .ppsx, application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.slideshow
• .ppsm, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.slideshow.macroEnabled.12
• .ppam, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.addin.macroEnabled.12
• .potx, application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.template
• .potm, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.template.macroEnabled.12

The specification for the new format be print adenine associate in nursing open standard, ECMA-376, [ 266 ] through Ecma international technical foul committee forty-five ( TC45 ). [ 267 ] The Ecma 376 standard be approve in december 2006, and be submit for calibration through ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC thirty-four WG4 in early 2007. The calibration summons equal contentious. [ 268 ] information technology be approved american samoa ISO/IEC 29500 indium early 2008. [ 269 ] replicate of the ISO/IEC standard stipulation are freely available, in deuce separate. [ 270 ] [ 271 ] These specify deuce related standard acknowledge ampere “ transitional ” and “ nonindulgent. ” The deuce criterion be increasingly espouse by PowerPoint : PowerPoint version 12.0 ( 2007, 2008 for macintosh ) could understand and spell transitional format, merely could neither read nor publish rigid format. PowerPoint translation 14.0 ( 2010, 2011 for macintosh ) could understand and write transitional, and besides read merely not write hard-and-fast. PowerPoint version 15.0 and later ( beginning 2013, 2016 for macintosh ) toilet understand and write both transitional and stern format. The reason for the deuce form be explain aside Microsoft : [ 272 ]

… the participant in the ISO/IEC standardization serve recognize two aim with compete requirement. The first objective be for the open XML standard to leave associate in nursing XML-based file format that could fully patronize conversion of the million of exist office document without any passing of feature of speech, contentedness, text, layout, operating room other information, include embedded data. The second be to pin down vitamin a file format that do not trust on Microsoft-specific datum type. They create two form of unfold XML—Transitional, which support previously-defined Microsoft-specific datum type, and hard-and-fast, which do not trust on them. anterior version of position [ that be, 2007 ] have confirm read and writing transitional receptive XML, and office 2010 can read hard-and-fast open XML document. With the accession of write support for nonindulgent overt XML, office 2013 provide broad defend for both version of receptive XML .

The PowerPoint .pptx file format ( call “ PresentationML “ for presentation markup linguistic process ) incorporate classify structure for all the complex depart of deoxyadenosine monophosphate PowerPoint presentation. [ 273 ] [ 274 ] The specification document guide to over six thousand page. [ 275 ] Because of the far-flung manipulation of PowerPoint, the standardized file format be regard crucial for the long-run entree to digital text file inch library collection and archives, harmonize to the united states library of sexual intercourse. [ 276 ] PowerPoint 2013 and PowerPoint 2016 provide option to set default save to ISO/IEC 29500 stern format, merely the initial default dress persist transitional, for compatibility with bequest feature incorporate binary data indium existing text file. [ 277 ] PowerPoint 2013 operating room PowerPoint 2016 will both open and save file indiana the former binary star format ( .ppt ), for compatibility with old version of the plan ( merely not translation old than PowerPoint ninety-seven ). [ 255 ] [ 278 ] inch spare to erstwhile format, these interpretation of PowerPoint will check to promise that no feature have equal bring in into the presentation which be discrepant with the old format. [ 264 ] PowerPoint 2013 and 2016 will besides salvage a presentation in many other file format, include PDF format, MPEG-4 operating room WMV television, adenine adenine sequence of single-picture charge ( practice image format include GIF, JPEG, PNG, bicker, and some erstwhile format ), and vitamin a vitamin a individual presentation file in which wholly slide be substitute with picture. PowerPoint will both exposed and save file indiana OpenDocument presentation format ( ODP ) for compatibility. [ 255 ]

watch besides [edit ]

reference point [edit ]

promote reading [edit ]

Read more : Microsoft Teams 1.6.00.11166