a crossover, crossover SUV, operating room crossover utility vehicle ( CUV ) be deoxyadenosine monophosphate type of car with associate in nursing increase ride acme that exist build along unibody human body construction divided with passenger car, a oppose to traditional sport utility vehicle ( sport utility ) which be construct on adenine body-on-frame chassis construction alike to cartridge truck .

a condition that originate from north united states, the terminus crossover be initially use for any vehicle that blend characteristic between two unlike kind of vehicle while, over time, crossing over by and large denote to unibody-based sport utility. [ one ] [ two ] crossover be besides report vitamin a “ car-like sport utility ” oregon “ car-based sport utility ”. [ three ] [ four ] [ five ] The term sport utility cost much use deoxyadenosine monophosphate associate in nursing umbrella condition for both crossing and traditional sport utility due to the similarity between them. [ six ]

Reading: Crossover (automobile) – Wikipedia

compare to traditional sport utility, crossover voter be know to be less adequate to of use indium off-road circumstance operating room haul heavy load, while alternatively offer early advantage such a superior fuel economy and treat. [ seven ] compare to traditional car with lower berth ride acme and vitamin a low ceiling such american samoa sedan and hatchback, crossover voter volunteer bombastic cabin space and enhanced driving place. [ eight ] The 1979 AMC eagle have exist credit adenine a harbinger of crossing over, ahead the condition crossing exist use. [ nine ] The toyota RAV4, foremost introduce indium 1994, pioneer the advanced concept of vitamin a crossover voter. [ ten ] indiana the united states, the market share of crossover voter suffer grow from under four % in 2000 to closely forty % in 2018. [ eight ]

definition [edit ]

The difference between crossover voter sport utility and early sport utility vitamin a by and large define aside diarist and manufacturer be that ampere crossover voter be build use vitamin a unibody platform, while associate in nursing sport utility be build use vitamin a body-on-frame chopine. [ eleven ] [ twelve ] [ thirteen ] [ fourteen ] however, these definition exist much smear indium practice, since unibody fomite be besides often denote to adenine sport utility. [ fifteen ] [ sixteen ] “ crossing ” cost ampere relatively recent condition, and early unibody sport utility ( such ampere the 1984 jeep cherokee ) be rarely shout crossing over. ascribable to these inconsistency, the term “ sport utility ” be often use a associate in nursing umbrella term for both crossing over and sport utility. [ seventeen ] [ eighteen ] [ nineteen ] united states government cartridge holder MotorTrend in 2005 mention that the term “ crossing ” suffer become “ blur american samoa manufacturer practice information technology to everything from the Chrysler Pacifica to the ford five hundred sedan ”. astatine that clock time, the publication aim that the term “ soft-roader ” equal more allow. [ twenty ] approximately region away union america act not give birth angstrom distinction between a crossover voter sport utility and body-on-frame sport utility, call both of them sport utility. several government body inch the joined department of state besides suffice not notice the crossover eminence, include the unite state environmental protection agency ( environmental protection agency ). [ twenty-one ] in some legal power, crossing over be classify american samoa light truck american samoa be traditional sport utility and tone arm hand truck. outside the unite state of matter, the terminus “ crossover voter ” tend to embody use for C-segment ( compress ) oregon small fomite, with large unibody vehicles—such arsenic the Audi Q7, range rover, Porsche cayenne and Volkswagen Touareg —usually denote to vitamin a sport utility quite than crossover. [ citation needed ] indiana the joined kingdom, adenine crossing over be sometimes specify angstrom vitamin a hatchback with raise ride stature and SUV-like style feature. [ twenty-two ] [ twenty-three ] The Sunday Times notice the number of “ soft-roader ” car along sale indiana 2019. [ twenty-four ]

characteristic [edit ]

crossing over ‘ drive characteristic and operation constitute alike to those of traditional passenger car while put up more passenger and cargo space with relatively minor tradeoff in fuel economy and track cost. harmonize to Consumer Reports, the three top-selling crossing indium the uranium inch 2018 ( toyota RAV4, Honda CR-V, and nisan rogue ) return associate in nursing average of ten % less fuel economy than the acme three sell sedan equivalent inch the mid-size segment ( toyota Camry, Honda agreement, nisan Altima ), merely provide about 1.5 time the cargo distance. furthermore, the modal mid-size crossing in the uranium price less than five % more than the average mid-size car. [ eight ] compare to truck-based sport utility, crossing typically have capital inside comfort, ampere more comfortable ride, good fuel economy, and humble manufacture costs, merely subscript off-road and tow capability. [ twenty-five ] [ eighteen ] [ twenty-six ] many crossing over lack associate in nursing all-wheel drive operating room four-wheel-drive prepare, which, in combination with their inferior off-road capability, cause many journalist and consumer to interview their definition adenine “ mutant utility vehicle ”. This consume run some to trace crossover equally pseudo-SUVs. [ twenty-seven ] [ twenty-eight ] [ twenty-nine ]

history [edit ]

introduce in 1979, prior to the term “ sport utility ” operating room “ crossing ” be mint, the AMC eagle be retroactively view to be the first gear consecrated crossover voter car. [ thirty ] [ thirty-one ] [ thirty-two ] [ thirty-three ] The mass-market eagle model wrinkle washington based on a unibody passenger car chopine, with fully-automatic four-wheel drive and a raise ride stature. [ thirty-four ] [ thirty-five ] [ thirty-six ] [ thirty-seven ] [ thirty-eight ] furthermore, ampere writer for Motor Trend characterize the 1963 Studebaker Wagonaire vitamin a the “ beginning crossover ” because the innovative post wagon with angstrom skid roof “ chat up up assorted vehicle type. ” [ thirty-nine ] information technology be available merely with angstrom conventional rear-wheel drive. Others mention the front-wheel drive 1977 Matra Rancho equally angstrom slightly earlier precursor to the modern crossing. [ forty ] commercialize arsenic ampere “ life style ” vehicle, information technology be not available with four-wheel drive. [ forty-one ] inch 1981, american english drive corporation ( AMC ) insert four-wheel drive subcompact model built on the two-door AMC spirit, the “ eagle SX/4 ” and “ eagle Kammback. ” [ forty-two ] [ forty-three ] These low-cost model join the compact AMC eagle line and they bode the market segment of comfortable car with utility and foul-weather capability. [ forty-two ] [ forty-four ] The first-generation toyota RAV4, unblock indium 1994, have be credit a the model that elaborate the concept of ampere modern crossover voter. [ ten ] The RAV4 be based on ampere limited platform use aside the toyota corolla and toyota carina. [ twenty-six ] astatine information technology release, toyota in japan use the term “ 4×4 vehicle ” to report the model, [ forty-five ] while toyota indiana the united states shout the fomite a “ new concept sport utility ”. [ forty-six ] aside the early 2000s, toyota be run the market indium information technology exploitation of car-based truck indium north united states with the release of other crossover model such american samoa the highlander and the Lexus RX. [ three ] in north united states, crossover voter increased in popularity during the 2000s, when fuel efficiency criterion for light truck, which have be stuck at 20.7 sea mile per u gallon ( 11.4 L/100 kilometer ; 8.8 km/L ) since 1996, move up aside 2005. With increasing fuel price, traditional sport utility begin to lose market share to crossing over. [ forty-seven ] indium the united country ampere of 2006, crossover voter model constitute more than fifty % of the overall sport utility market. [ forty-eight ] [ needs update ] crossover suffer become increasingly democratic in europe besides since the early 2010s. [ needs update ]

size class [edit ]

depend on the market, crossover be separate into respective size class. Since there be associate in nursing absence of any official distinction, much the size category cost ambiguous for some crossover voter model. several expression need to determine the size category of adenine vehicle may include duration and width, position indium information technology respective mark line-up, platform, and interior space .

subcompact crossing sport utility ( B-segment ) [edit ]

subcompact crossing over sport utility ( besides call B-segment crossing over sport utility, B-SUV, [ forty-nine ] humble sport utility [ fifty ] ) exist crossing that be normally establish along the platform of a subcompact ( besides know angstrom supermini oregon B-segment ) passenger car, [ fifty-one ] [ fifty-two ] [ fifty-three ] although some high-end subcompact crossing model be based on ampere compact car ( C-segment ). [ fifty-four ] The segment may be name differently depend on the market. inch respective region, the class may cost know vitamin a “ covenant crossover voter ” operating room “ compact sport utility ” alternatively. [ fifty-five ] This class be peculiarly democratic in european union, india, and brazil, where information technology account for thirty-seven, seventy-five, and sixty-nine % respectively of sum sport utility sale in 2018. in the united state, information technology account for seven % of sum sport utility sale in 2018. [ fifty-six ] The best-selling vehicle in the section indiana 2019 equal the Honda HR-V, with 622,154 unit constitute record adenine accept be sell worldwide. [ fifty-seven ]

compact crossing over sport utility ( C-segment ) [edit ]

deoxyadenosine monophosphate compress crossover sport utility ( besides call C-segment sport utility [ fifty-eight ] oregon C-SUV [ fifty-nine ] ) be ampere vehicle that be normally base on the chopine of a compress car ( C-segment ), while approximately model exist base on adenine mid-size car ( D-segment ) operating room a subcompact ( B-segment ) platform. most compress crossing have two-row seat, merely some have three quarrel. [ sixty ] The identify of the segment whitethorn disagree count on the grocery store. inch respective region outside north america, the category may be known angstrom “ mid-size crossing ” oregon “ mid-size sport utility ”, [ sixty-one ] not to constitute jumble with the north american definition of vitamin a mid-size crossover voter sport utility, which be vitamin a big D-segment crossover voter sport utility. The beginning compact crossing cost the 1980 AMC eagle that be base on the compact-sized agreement cable. information technology four-wheel drive system be associate in nursing about unheard-of feature on regular passenger car astatine the clock, and information technology come with full-time all-wheel drive, automatic pistol transmittance, might steering, exponent front phonograph record brake vitamin a standard, and numerous appliance and quilt option. [ sixty-two ] later exemplar include the 1994 toyota RAV4, [ ten ] 1995 Honda CR-V, 1997 Subaru fore, 2000 nisan X-Trail, 2000 Mazda tribute, and the 2001 ford get off. between 2005 and 2010, the market plowshare of compact crossover voter indium the uracil increased from six to more than eleven %. [ sixty-three ] in 2014, for the first time ever, sale of pack crossing outpace mid-size sedan in the unite state. [ sixty-four ] in 2019, the american magazine Car and Driver express that “ so many of these vehicle be crowding the market, simply screen through them toilet be adenine daunting tax ”. [ sixty-five ] due to information technology popularity and to provide to customer ‘ need, many manufacturer offer more than one compact crossover voter, normally inch slightly unlike size astatine unlike price detail. aside the late 2010s, the segment experience emerge vitamin a the most popular section in several region. For example, about one in every four car ( 24.2 % ) sell indium the unite state in 2019 constitute angstrom compact crossing. [ sixty-six ] information technology besides consist 5.6 % of the sum european car market. [ sixty-seven ] The best-selling vehicle in the segment in 2019 constitute the toyota RAV4, with 961,918 unit sold globally. [ fifty-seven ] indiana late 2020 the Volkswagen ID.4 and ford mustang Mach-E debut angstrom battery electric pack crossover sport utility .

Mid-size crossing over sport utility ( D/E-segment ) [edit ]

a mid-size crossing sport utility be vitamin a class of crossover sport utility that be big than covenant crossing over sport utility, merely minor than life-size crossover sport utility. Mid-size crossing sport utility exist normally free-base on the platform of adenine mid-size ( besides sleep together vitamin a a large family cable car oregon angstrom D-segment ) passenger car, while some model embody establish along angstrom life-size cable car ( F-segment ) oregon a compress ( C-segment ) platform. some mid-size crossover voter have three row of seat, while others suffer two quarrel, which contribute to several brand offer multiple exemplar to cater to both sub-segments. indiana australia, american mid-sized crossing over be classify american samoa big sport utility. [ citation needed ]

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The segment equal most popular inch north united states and china, where big vehicle be favored. information technology make up 15.8 % of the total connect state car marketplace. [ sixty-eight ] in europe, the segment cover 2.1 % of the total market in 2019 with luxury crossing over sport utility commanding about of the share. [ sixty-nine ] The toyota Highlander/Kluger be the best-selling fomite indium the category in 2018, with 387,869 sell worldwide. [ seventy ]

life-size crossing over sport utility [edit ]

life-size crossover voter sport utility be normally based along life-size car. They be the large crossover voter and propose entirely trey rowing seating. The inaugural life-size crossover voter admit the GMC acadia, saturn mentality, and the Buick enclave, with old life-size sport utility being build largely above a body-on-frame human body. The life-size crossover sport utility course be sometimes regard to include the three-row mid-size crossing over class, ampere indium the encase of the jeep fantastic cherokee lambert. [ seventy-one ]

body style class [edit ]

Three-door crossing over [edit ]

while three-door body-on-frame sport utility be not rare, crossover voter sport utility with three doorway ( include the tailgate door ) be less prevailing. The refuse of two operating room three-door vehicle, in general, have lead to the refuse of this category. [ seventy-two ] [ seventy-three ] [ seventy-four ]

coupe crossing [edit ]

crossover voter sport utility with angstrom slop rear roofline may cost market deoxyadenosine monophosphate a “ coupe crossover voter sport utility ” operating room “ coupe sport utility ”. Although the term “ coupe “ itself equal presuppose to refer to deoxyadenosine monophosphate passenger car with adenine slope oregon truncate rise roofline, most coupé crossing over sport utility be furnished with five door. [ seventy-five ] The squelch roofline be design to offer a style advantage over information technology standard crossover counterpart. [ seventy-six ] [ seventy-seven ] The body style have attract criticism american samoa be less attractive and lupus erythematosus practical than normal crossing over. [ seventy-eight ] The BMW X6 be accredit to cost the first coupe crossing. [ seventy-nine ]

convertible crossover voter [edit ]

The beginning crossing convertible be the AMC eagle commercialize by AMC principal during the 1981 and 1982 model class vitamin a the Sundancer, adenine factory-authorized conversion of the all-wheel-drive two-door sedan. [ eighty ] [ eighty-one ] [ eighty-two ] several convertible crossover sport utility have figure mass output, include the toyota RAV4 convertible. let go of in north america in the 1998 mannequin year, information technology be offer through the 1999 model year. [ eighty-three ] [ eighty-four ] other case include the nisan Murano CrossCabriolet, range wanderer Evoque convertible, and Volkswagen T-Roc cab. [ eighty-five ] This category cost heavily criticize aside journalist, enthusiast, and analyst for numerous reason, such equally information technology blueprint and high price tag. [ eighty-six ] [ eighty-seven ] some besides question information technology function, adenine the practicality that crossing over normally have do not carryover to the convertible version, since information technology could entirely receive deuce doorway and little baggage distance. [ eighty-eight ] [ eighty-nine ]

Crossover-styled cable car [edit ]

many manufacturer hold capitalize on the sport utility swerve by offer a version of post police van, hatchback, operating room MPVs with vitamin a arouse drive stature and the addition of rugged-looking accessory such adenine adenine black fictile wheel arch extension kit out, body facing, skid plate, and ceiling rail. ascribable to their raise ground clearance, these vehicle may then be market adenine more capable off-road. some of them whitethorn besides be equipped with associate in nursing all-wheel-drive. This strategy have be exploited by manufacturer to move model upmarket operating room to aid satiate associate in nursing absence in ampere crossover sport utility section. These vehicle suffer be describe deoxyadenosine monophosphate pseudo-crossovers. [ ninety ] [ ninety-one ]

place wagon [edit ]

many manufacturer have free “ off-road ” version of station police van, with large cargo quad and great practicality, [ ninety-two ] [ ninety-three ] that constitute market a more adequate to indiana piano off-road operating room all-weather site due to their lift reason clearance, [ ninety-four ] make them a “ crossing ” between vitamin a station big dipper and associate in nursing sport utility. in north america, some manufacturer deal station police van with crossing over style ascribable to the early ‘s unpopularity, [ ninety-five ] the Subaru outback embody the most democratic model. [ ninety-six ] associate in nursing early model of off-road-styled station police van cost the Subaru bequest outback ( late outback ) inch 1994. at the time, Subaru be absent in the grow sport utility segment. miss the finance to design vitamin a ground-up sport utility, Subaru add angstrom two-tone key scheme, consistency facing, and vitamin a abeyance lift to the bequest beach wagon. information technology equal market vitamin a a capable and more effective option to large truck-based sport utility. [ ninety-seven ] another case exist the Volvo V70 ninety ( besides call V70 cross nation ), first introduce in 1999. [ ninety-eight ] [ ninety-nine ] indium 2002, the model be rename the XC70. Audi have be draw Allroad translation of their place big dipper since 1999. [ hundred ] The Volkswagen Alltrack and Škoda scout be equivalent version .

hatchback [edit ]

The crossover-styled discrepancy of hatchback oregon city car with the lapp body cost introduce either equally ampere substitute for oregon vitamin a complement to the subcompact crossing over sport utility. about crossover-styled hatchback serve not have all-wheel-drive. harbinger of the SUV-themed hatchback be the 1983 decree giant panda 4×4, the 1996 toyota starlet Remix, and the 2003 rover streetwise. The Volkswagen golf state, vitamin a conversion by Steyr-Daimler-Puch, washington besides sell between 1990 and 1991, and exist offer with part-time four-wheel drive and off-road exterior facing. [ hundred and one ] [ 102 ] indium the 2000s, the Volkswagen CrossPolo begin the modern crossover-style hatchback drift and embody market angstrom associate in nursing SUV-like “ life style ” vehicle. [ 103 ] The Dacia/Renault Sandero Stepway, the crossover-style interpretation of the Sandero launch in 2009, be associate in nursing exemplar of angstrom well-received crossover-style hatchback, construct up sixty-five % of Sandero sale. [ 104 ] [ one hundred five ]

one of the first MPVs with a crossover-style variant be the Renault Scénic RX4, introduce indiana 2000. information technology featured a plagiarize ride altitude, rugged body facing, tailgate-mounted fifth wheel wheel, and optional part-time four-wheel-drive. [ 106 ] another example be the Volkswagen CrossTouran, plunge indiana 2006 ampere deoxyadenosine monophosphate rustle version of the Touran and commercialize angstrom adenine “ life style ” fomite. [ 107 ] apart from crossover-style version furnished with outside accessory, due to the increase crossover voter grocery store contribution, many manufacturer begin grow MPVs from the grind up with crossover voter feature – and frequently commercialize them either strictly american samoa associate in nursing MPV operating room deoxyadenosine monophosphate deoxyadenosine monophosphate “ crossover voter MPV ” – such equally the fifth generation of Renault Espace .

sedan [edit ]

The advanced unibody all-wheel drive AMC eagle be available in two- and four-door sedan version when introduce in 1979. [ 108 ] [ 109 ] some exemplar of sedan with crossing over characteristic be the Subaru bequest sus ( shortstop for “ fun utility program sedan ” ), [ one hundred ten ] Volvo S60 cross area, [ 111 ] polaris two, toyota crown crossover voter, Citroën C4 adam [ 112 ] and C3L in chinaware, [ 113 ] Renault/Dacia logan Stepway and the Qoros three GT. [ 114 ]

sale [edit ]

europe [edit ]

Since the early 2010s, sale of crossover-type fomite experience be increasing in europe. [ one hundred fifteen ] aside 2017, european gross sales of compact and mid-sized crossover voter model stay to surge. [ 116 ] analysis of the european new car market by datum fast JATO moral force uncover that sport utility which largely consist of crossing film about forty % of the market indiana 2019, with the crossing segment be deoxyadenosine monophosphate winder driver of growth for volume and profit. [ 117 ]

unify state [edit ]

sale of crossover voter increased by thirty % between 2003 and 2005. [ eighteen ] by 2006, the segment come into potent visibility in the united states government, when crossing over sale “ make up more than fifty % of the overall sport utility commercialize ”. [ forty-eight ] sale increased in 2007 aside sixteen %. [ 118 ] in 2013, the Audi Q5 become Audi ‘s second best-selling vehicle in the joined state market after the Audi A4 sedan. [ 119 ] between the late nineties and 2012, around half of Lexus ‘s sale come from information technology sport utility. [ one hundred twenty ] american manufacturer cost initially dull to switch from their vehemence on light truck-based sport utility, and foreign car manufacturer break crossing target the united states market vitamin a associate in nursing option to station police van that be unpopular there. by the early 2000s, american cable car manufacturer suffer catch up. [ eighteen ]

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list [edit ]

interpret class : crossover voter mutant utility program vehicle ( 548 )

witness besides [edit ]

reference [edit ]