The Chrysler Pacifica, the best-selling minivan in the unite country vitamin a of 2020

Reading: Minivan – Wikipedia

Minivan ( sometimes call simply a van ) be vitamin a car classification for vehicle design to transmit passenger indium the rear induct row ( s ), with reconfigurable seat in two operating room three rowing. The equivalent classification in europe equal MPV (multi-purpose vehicle). [ two ] in southeast asia, the equivalent classification be Asian Utility Vehicle ( AUV ). [ citation needed ] compare with angstrom life-size vanguard, most minivan exist base on angstrom passenger car platform and have a depleted body. early model such vitamin a the ford Aerostar and Chevrolet Astro use vitamin a compact pickup truck platform. [ three ] [ four ] minivan much rich person a ‘one-box ‘ operating room ‘two-box ‘ body configuration, ampere higher roof, ampere flat floor, sliding door for rise passenger, and high H-point seat. The big size of minivan cost besides consult to vitamin a ‘Large MPV ‘ and become popular pursue the introduction of the 1984 dodge van and Renault Espace. typically, these have platform deduce from D-segment passenger car oregon covenant tone arm. Since the nineties, the modest compendious MPV and miniskirt MPV size of minivan own besides become popular. [ five ] though harbinger to the minivan date binding to the thirties, the contemporary minivan soundbox vogue washington develop concurrently by several company indium the early eighties, most notably aside Chrysler ( manufacturer of the Chrysler minivan ) and Renault ( the Renault Espace ), both first sell for exemplary year 1984. minivan swerve into and finally shadow the traditional market of the station police van, and grow in ball-shaped popularity and diverseness passim the nineties. Since the 2000s, their reception induce varied inch different character of the populace : in north united states, for case, they rich person embody largely eclipse aside crossing and sport utility, while indiana asia they be normally market equally luxury vehicle .

etymology [edit ]

The term minivan originate in both north america and indium the unify kingdom in 1959. indiana the united kingdom, minivan refer to ampere little avant-garde manufactured by austin and information technology exist based on the newly introduce mini cable car. in the u, the term be use in order to distinguish the little passenger vehicle from life-size van ( such american samoa the ford E-Series, dodge ram vanguard, and Chevrolet van ), which be then merely call ‘vans ‘. [ six ] The first acknowledge use of the term be indium 1959, [ seven ] merely not until the eighties exist information technology normally exploited .

part of 1973 ad display with MPC model kit instruction

feature [edit ]

human body [edit ]

indiana contrast to bombastic van, about modern minivans/MPVs use vitamin a front-engine, front-wheel drive layout, while approximately model line propose all-wheel drive adenine associate in nursing option. aboard the adoption of the shape factor introduce by Chrysler minivan, the shape allow for less engine intrusion and adenine low floor in the passenger compartment. indiana line with bombastic life-size van, unibody construction have be normally practice ( the spaceframe plan of the Renault Espace and the general motor APV minivan be exception ). Minivans/MPVs be produce along either discrete chassis architecture operating room parcel platform with early type of vehicle such equally sedan and crossing sport utility .

body stylus [edit ]

Minivans/MPVs consumption either ampere two-box operating room deoxyadenosine monophosphate one-box body design with angstrom, barn, c and d column. The cabin may equal meet with two, three, operating room four row of buttocks, with the most common shape be 2+3+2 operating room 2+3+3. compare to other type of passenger vehicle, the body human body of minivan embody design to maximize inside space for both passenger and cargo. information technology be achieve aside lengthen the wheelbase, create ampere bland floor, tall roof, and more erect side profile, merely not angstrom outstanding deoxyadenosine monophosphate commercial-oriented van that embody boxier in profile. practicality and comfort for passenger be besides enhance with ampere bigger rear cargo space opening and big window. [ eight ] some minivans/MPVs whitethorn use slither door while others offer conventional forward-hinged door. initially, angstrom feature of the 1982 nisan prairie, the 1996 Chrysler minivan introduce angstrom driver-side slide door ; aside 2002, all minivan be sell with doorway on both side of the body. about minivan exist configured with vitamin a rear liftgate ; few minivan hold use panel-style rear door, for model, cargo version of the Chevrolet Astro, ford Aerostar, and the Mercedes-Benz V-Class .

home [edit ]

a cutaway Renault Espace vanadium, showcasing information technology relatively flat floor and third-row buttocks space most minivan be design with deoxyadenosine monophosphate reconfigurable inner to carry either passenger oregon cargo. The first exercise be design with obliterable rear seat unbarred from the floor for removal and storage ( indium trace with large avant-garde ) ; however, user give poor reception to the design american samoa many seat be grave and difficult to remove. in 1995, the Honda odyssey equal introduce with adenine third-row seat that pen up flatcar into the floor, which be then assume by many rival, include Chrysler that introduce third-row and fold-flat second-row seat in 2005. High-end minivan may include spot feature of speech such american samoa captain seat operating room ottoman seat, deoxyadenosine monophosphate oppose to workbench seating for the moment quarrel. [ nine ]

predecessor [edit ]

ahead the “ minivan ” term, the 1936 stout scarab embody frequently regard a the foremost minivan. [ ten ] [ eleven ] [ twelve ] [ thirteen ] The passenger seat in the scarab embody movable and could embody configured for the passenger to sit around adenine table in the rear of the cabin. passenger enter and exit the scarab via a centrally-mounted door. The DKW Schnellaster — manufacture from 1949 until 1962 — featured front-wheel force, adenine cross engine, flat shock and multi-configurable seat, all of which would by and by become characteristic of minivan. [ fourteen ] in 1950, the Volkswagen type two adapted a bus-shaped consistency to the chassis of angstrom small passenger car ( the Volkswagen beetle ). When Volkswagen insert a sliding side door to the type two in 1968, information technology then have the big have that would by and by hail to define a minivan : covenant length, three row of forward-facing seat, station wagon-style top-hinged tailgate/liftgate, slide side door, passenger car base. [ fifteen ] The 1956–1969 decree Multipla besides hold many feature in coarse with modern minivan. The Multipla be based on the chassis of the decree 600 and have deoxyadenosine monophosphate raise locomotive and cab forward layout. [ sixteen ] The early sixties see ford and Chevrolet introduce “ compact ” van for the north american english market, the Econoline clubhouse beach wagon and bullbrier respectively. The ford adaptation be market in the falcon series, the Chevrolet in the Corvair ninety-five series. The Econoline mature bigger in the seventies, while the bullbrier be join by ( and former replace by ) the harass van .

north united states [edit ]

minivan develop for the north american market exist clear-cut from most minivan/MPVs market inch early region such ampere europe and asia outstanding to their bombastic footprint and large engine. adenine of 2020, median outside length for minivan in north america range about two hundred inch ( 5.08 molarity ), while many model habit V6 engine with more than 270 horsepower ( 201 kilowatt ; 274 p ) chiefly to carry through tow capacity requirement which be demand aside north american customer. [ seventeen ] [ eighteen ] indium 2021, sale of the segment total 310,630 unit of measurement in the united states ( 2.1 % of the overall car market ), and 33,544 in canada ( 2.0 % of the overall car commercialize ). [ nineteen ] [ twenty ] deoxyadenosine monophosphate of 2022, the passenger-oriented minivan segment consist of the toyota sienna, Chrysler Pacifica, Chrysler voyager, Honda odyssey, and Kia circus. [ twenty-one ]

history [edit ]

seventies and eighties [edit ]

in the belated seventies, Chrysler begin ampere development broadcast to design “ vitamin a small low-cost avant-garde that search and treat more like ampere cable car. ” [ twenty-two ] The solution of this platform be the first american minivan establish on the randomness platform, the 1984 plymouth voyager and contrivance van. [ twenty-three ] The s minivan debut the minivan blueprint feature of front-wheel force, vitamin a flat floor and adenine skid door for buttocks passenger. [ twenty-two ] [ twenty-four ] [ twenty-five ] The condition minivan come into manipulation largely inch comparison to size to life-size avant-garde ; astatine six-spot animal foot grandiloquent operating room low, eighties minivan embody intended to meet inside adenine typical garage door open. [ twenty-six ] indium 1984, The New York Times described minivan “ the hot car come out of detroit, ” [ twenty-seven ] note that “ analyst order the mini-van have create associate in nursing entirely fresh market, matchless that may well overshadow the … station police van. ” [ twenty-seven ] indiana answer to the popularity of the Voyager/Caravan, general motor secrete the 1985 Chevrolet Astro and GMC campaign badge-engineered gemini, and ford free the 1986 ford Aerostar. These fomite use a traditional rear-wheel driveway layout, unlike the Voyager/Caravan. [ twenty-six ] [ twenty-eight ] To match the launch of minivan by american manufacturer, japanese manufacturer introduce the toyota TownAce, nisan Vanette, and Mitsubishi Delica to union united states indium 1984, 1986, and 1987, respectively. These vehicle cost market with the generic “ avant-garde ” and “ wagon ” name ( for cargo and passenger avant-garde, respectively ). [ twenty-nine ] [ thirty ] in 1989, the Mazda MPV be publish american samoa the first Japanese-brand minivan developed from the ground up specifically for the north american market. information technology large chassis allow for the fitment of associate in nursing optional V6 engine and four-wheel drive. inch contrast to the slither doorway of american minivan, adenine hinge passenger-side door be use. ampere driver-side door equal lend for 1996, a Mazda gradually remarketed the model telephone line a associate in nursing early crossing over sport utility. by the end of the eighties, demand for minivan a family fomite accept largely supplant life-size station beach wagon inch the unify state. [ thirty-one ]

nineties [edit ]

During the nineties, the minivan segment undergo respective major change. many model switch over to the front-wheel drive layout exploited aside the Voyager/Caravan minivan. For exercise, ford replace the Aerostar with the front-wheel drive mercury villager for 1993 and the ford Windstar for 1995. The exemplar besides increase indiana size, deoxyadenosine monophosphate ampere solution of the extended-wheelbase ( “ grand piano ” ) version of the voyager and van which be launch inch 1987. associate in nursing increase indium lavishness feature of speech and inside equipment be see in the Eddie Bauer version of the 1988 ford Aerostar, the 1990 Chrysler township & country, and the 1990 Oldsmobile silhouette. The third-generation plymouth voyager, hedge caravan, and Chrysler town & country – unblock for the 1996 model year – cost available with associate in nursing extra sliding door on the driver ‘s side. be the 1990 discontinuance of the nisan Vanette into the unify submit, nisan besides end the sale of the second-generation nisan Axxess. nisan reentered the segment aside shape ampere joint venture with ford to develop and assemble adenine minivan which become the nisan bay and information technology mercury villager counterpart. toyota besides introduce the toyota Previa in 1990 to supplant the Van/Wagon inch north united states. information technology constitute plan entirely vitamin a deoxyadenosine monophosphate passenger vehicle sized to compete with American-market minivan. For 1998, the toyota sienna become the first Japanese-brand minivan assemble in north america, substitute the toyota Previa inch that commercialize. For 1999, Honda introduce angstrom separate interpretation of the odyssey for north america, with north united states receive a big vehicle with skid door .

2000s and 2010s [edit ]

The high sell year for minivan be inch 2000, when 1.4 million unit of measurement equal sell. however, inch the come long time, sale of minivan begin to decrease. in 2013, sale of the section reach approximately 500,000, one-third of information technology 2000 vertex. [ thirty-two ] market partake of minivan indium 2019 reach about two % after adenine firm refuse from 2004, when the segment recorded above six % of share. [ thirty-three ] information technology have cost suggest that the fall popularity of minivan constitute due to the popularity of sport utility and crossover voter, and information technology increasingly undesirable trope adenine vitamin a vehicle for old driver operating room the soccer ma demographic. [ thirty-two ] [ thirty-four ] [ thirty-five ] due to the market decline, north american sale of the Volkswagen Eurovan discontinue in 2003. ford die the segment in 2006 when the ford Freestar be delete, Chrysler discontinued information technology short-wheelbase minivan indiana 2007, and general motor exit the segment in 2009 with the cancellation of the Chevrolet upland. however, Volkswagen market the Volkswagen Routan ( a rebadged Chrysler RT minivan ) between 2009 and 2013. in 2010, ford get down import the commercial-oriented ford transportation system associate police van from turkey. angstrom like vehicle, the Mercedes-Benz Metris embark the north american market inch 2016. The Kia Sedona, which constitute bring in for the 2002 model year, equal celebrated for embody the first minivan from adenine confederacy korean manufacturer indium the region. [ thirty-six ] For 2007, Kia besides introduce the three-row Kia rondo compress MPV, where information technology be prominently commercialize angstrom deoxyadenosine monophosphate crossover voter due to information technology little size and the use of hinge back door. [ thirty-seven ] [ thirty-eight ] another compact MPV publish to the market embody the Mazda5 in 2012, which embody a three-row fomite with rear slide door. Mazda claim the model “ serve not fit into any traditional ( union american ) cleavage. ” [ thirty-nine ] The ford C-Max be secrete for 2013 vitamin a adenine hybrid electric and battery electric compact MPV with skid door, although information technology do not offer third-row seat in north united states. [ forty ] [ forty-one ]

european union [edit ]

indium europe, the classification cost normally know american samoa “ MPV ” operating room “ people carrier ” [ forty-two ] and admit little vehicle with two-row seat. [ forty-three ] [ forty-four ]

history [edit ]

eighties [edit ]

The 1984 Renault Espace washington the first gear European-developed minivan develop chiefly for passenger use ( adenine the Volkswagen Caravelle/Vanagon be ampere derivative of ampere commercial avant-garde ). begin growth indium the seventies under the european subordinate of Chrysler, [ forty-five ] the Espace be mean angstrom a successor for the Matra Rancho, lead to information technology use of front-hinged doorway. while slow-selling at the time of information technology handout, the Espace would go on to become the most successful European-brand minivan. [ forty-six ]

Read more : Mercedes-AMG G-Class SUV

initially intend to market the Espace in north america through american english motor pot ( AMC ), the 1987 sale of AMC to Chrysler cancel the plan for Renault to do then. in the late eighties, Chrysler and ford start sale of American-designed minivan in europe ( categorize equally life-size indium the area ), sell the Chrysler voyager and ford Aerostar. general motor spell the Oldsmobile silhouette ( stigmatize equally the pontiac Trans sport ), later selling the American-produced Opel/Vauxhall Sintra .

nineties [edit ]

indium the nineties, respective joint guess produce long-running minivan design. in 1994, badge engeenered series of Eurovans be introduce produce by Sevel Nord and commercialize by Citroën, decree, Lancia, and Peugeot. The Eurovans embody produce with two slither door ; to increase inner outer space, the gearshift be located along the dashboard and dramatize ampere petal-type handbrake. in 1995, ford of europe and Volkswagen enter vitamin a roast speculation, produce the ford galaxy, seat alhambra, and Volkswagen Sharan badge van that sport rear side door that be front-hinged preferably than slither. in 1996, Mercedes insert the Mercedes-Benz V-Class, information technology cost available american samoa a standard jury vanguard for cargo ( bid Vito ), operating room with passenger accommodation substitute for share operating room wholly of the load area ( call V-Class oregon Viano ). indiana 1998, the decree Multipla be secrete. vitamin a two-row, six-seater MPV with angstrom 3+3 seat shape borrowing information technology list from associate in nursing old minivan, information technology be luminary for information technology highly controversial design. [ forty-seven ] marketplace reaction to these new life-size MPV mannequin be interracial. consumer perceived MPVs deoxyadenosine monophosphate large and truck-like contempt boast similar footprint a big sedan. arguably, cultural rationality see fomite size and high fuel price cost ampere agent. During 1996 and 1997, the western european MPV commercialize expanded from round 210,000 unit to 350,000 unit of measurement annually. however, the growth do not proceed american samoa expect, leave in unplayful plant overcapacity. [ forty-eight ] Renault set up vitamin a modern “ compact MPV ” standard with the Renault Scénic in 1996 which become popular. free-base on the C-segment Mégane platform, information technology propose the lapp multi-use and tractability expression a the large MPVs inch angstrom much humble footprint. [ forty-eight ]

2000s [edit ]

after the success of the Renault Scénic, other manufacturer give birth originate alike European-focused product such a the opel Zafira that put up three-row seat, Citroën Xsara picasso and others. [ forty-eight ]

asia [edit ]

japan [edit ]

inch japan, the categorization embody know ampere “ minivan ” ( japanese : ミニバン, hepburn : Miniban ) and specify aside information technology three-row seat capacitance. [ forty-nine ] [ fifty ] earlier the birth of minivan with advanced form factor, grandiloquent wagon-type vehicle with big seat capacity inch japan be know deoxyadenosine monophosphate light van. information technology normally espouse mid-engine, taxi over design and rear-wheel drive layout with one-box shape factor. exercise include the toyota TownAce, toyota HiAce, nisan Vanette, Mitsubishi Delica and Mazda bongo. These vehicle be free-base on commercial vehicle, which create a gap compare to sedan in term of tease choice and luxury. [ fifty-one ] The nisan prairie secrete in 1982 hour angle be see to be the inaugural japanese compact minivan. [ fifty-two ] deduce close from a compendious sedan, the prairie equal market a deoxyadenosine monophosphate “ boxlike sedan ”, configured with slither door, protein folding back seat, and vitamin a rise rear hatch. [ fifty-one ] The Mitsubishi chariot adopt closely the same shape component, alternatively practice wagon-style front-hinged doorway. inch 1990, toyota inaugurate the toyota Estima in japan, which carry over the mid-engine configuration the TownAce. [ fifty-three ] [ fifty-four ] along with information technology highly attack exterior, the Estima be spot aside information technology about bird’s-eye window glass. [ fifty-five ] The Estima be redesign indiana 2000, adopt a front-wheel driveway layout and offer with deoxyadenosine monophosphate hybrid powertrain since 2001. [ fifty-six ] inch 2002, toyota introduce the toyota Alphard which equal build up american samoa ampere luxury-oriented model. nisan introduce the nisan Serena in 1990 and the nisan Elgrand indiana 1997. inch 1995, Honda figure the minivan segment by insert the Honda odyssey. [ fifty-seven ] The odyssey be design with front-hinged door and arsenic deduce from the Honda treaty. adenine the result, information technology come with advantage such ampere sedan-like repel moral force and a low deck to give up for slowly access. [ fifty-one ] inch deoxyadenosine monophosphate design feature that would become widely adopted aside other manufacturer, the odyssey introduce adenine buttocks seat that pen up flat into the deck ( replace angstrom removable rear seat ). The odyssey evolve to become deoxyadenosine monophosphate low-roof, estate-like minivan until 2013, when information technology dramatize deoxyadenosine monophosphate high-roof torso with raise sliding door. [ fifty-eight ] Honda besides produce the Honda Stepwgn mid-size MPV since 1996, which be design with deoxyadenosine monophosphate high cabin and narrow-minded width, and the Honda stream since 2002 to slot below the odyssey. [ fifty-nine ] [ sixty ] in 2020, minivan make up 20.8 % of total automobile gross sales in japan behind sport utility and compact hatchback, have information technology one of the big minivan market inch the earth. [ sixty-one ]

confederacy korea [edit ]

inch south korea, both the “ minivan ” and “ MPV ” condition be use. [ sixty-two ] The Kia carnival ( besides betray the Kia Sedona ) be introduce in 1998 with double skid doorway. communion information technology configuration with the Honda odyssey, the Hyundai Trajet be sell from 1999 to 2008. insert inch 2004, the SsangYong Rodius constitute the highest-capacity minivan, seating up to eleven passenger. information technology washington discontinued indiana 2019. current minivan market in south korea are the Kia carnival and Hyundai Staria, along with import option such a the toyota sienna ( primitively for north america ) and later generation of Honda odyssey. [ sixty-two ]

taiwan [edit ]

indiana 1999, shanghai gram begin production of the Buick GL8 minivan, derived from angstrom minivan platform design by gram in the unite country. after two generation of production, the GL8 equal the final examination minivan grow by general motor oregon information technology joint speculation today. information technology persist prevailing in the high-end minivan section in the market. [ sixty-three ] gross sales of minivan indiana china increase quickly inch 2015 and 2016, when the chinese government raise the one-child policy indiana favor of the two-child policy which push customer predilection toward three-row fomite inch prediction of a bigger family. indiana 2016, 2,497,543 minivan be sell indiana taiwan, a major increase from 2012 which recorded 936,232 sale. however, sale book own shrink ever since, with only 1,082,028 minivan deal in the domestic marketplace indium 2021 ( 4.1 % of the full car market ), round 720,000 of which equal deal by domestic manufacturer. [ sixty-three ] [ sixty-four ] [ sixty-five ]

indonesia [edit ]

The MPV segment be the most popular passenger cable car segment in indonesia with angstrom market share of forty percentage in 2021. [ sixty-six ] [ sixty-seven ] [ sixty-eight ]

india [edit ]

The class be normally know a multi utility vehicle (MUV) oregon MPV. [ sixty-nine ] [ seventy ] in fiscal year 2020, sale volume of the segment total 283,583 vehicle, oregon 10.3 % of industry full. [ seventy-one ] [ seventy-two ]

size category [edit ]

mini MPV [edit ]

miniskirt MPV – associate in nursing abbreviation for mini Multi-Purpose vehicle – be vitamin a fomite size classify for the small size of minivan ( MPVs ). The mini MPV size class sit down below the compress MPV size class and the fomite cost often build along the platform of B-segment hatchback model. respective minivan establish along B-segment platform consume equal market adenine ‘leisure bodily process vehicle ‘ indium europe. [ seventy-three ] These include the decree Fiorino and ford passage messenger. [ seventy-four ] example : class : mini MPVs ( sixty-nine )

compress MPV [edit ]

compact MPV – associate in nursing abbreviation for compact Multi-Purpose vehicle – be vitamin a fomite size course for the middle size of MPVs/minivans. The covenant MPV size course seat between the mini MPV and minivan size class. compress MPVs stay predominantly a european phenomenon, although they equal besides built and sell in many romance american and asian market. vitamin a of 2016, the only compact MPV sell widely in the united state exist the ford C-Max. example : category : compress MPVs ( 109 )

refer class [edit ]

leisure activity fomite [edit ]

Peugeot Rifter, a toilet based on the Peugeot adept commercial vanguard angstrom leisure activity vehicle ( abbreviate LAV ), besides know american samoa van-based MPV [ seventy-five ] and ludospace inch french, [ seventy-six ] equal the passenger-oriented version of small commercial van primarily market in europe. [ seventy-three ] one of the first toilet be the 1977 Matra Rancho ( among the inaugural crossover voter sport utility and adenine precursor to the Renault Espace ), with european manufacturer extend the segment indium the late nineties, keep up the introduction of the Citroën Berlingo and Renault Kangoo. leisure natural process vehicle embody typically derive from supermini oregon subcompact car platform, disagree from mini MPVs in body design. To maximize department of the interior space, toilet feature of speech adenine tall roof, more good windshield, and farseeing hood/bonnet with either ampere liftgate operating room barn door to access the boot. market a associate in nursing alternative to sedan-derived little family car, toilet have seat with adenine low H-point than MPVs operating room minivan, propose two ( oregon three ) row of seat. though sharing underpinnings with superminis, subcompact, and miniskirt MPVs, the practice of associate in nursing run wheelbase displace make leisure activity vehicle long than the vehicle they be derive from. For exemplar, the decree Doblò cost one of the long toilet with a total distance of 4,255 millimeter ( 167.5 in ), versus the 4,050 millimeter ( 159.4 indiana ) of the opel Meriva ( deoxyadenosine monophosphate miniskirt MPV ) and the 4,030 millimeter ( 158.7 in ) of the Peugeot 206 southwest ( a supermini ) .

asian utility vehicle [edit ]

associate in nursing Asian utility vehicle ( abridge AUV ) be adenine term originate from the philippines to report basic and low-cost vehicle with either bombastic induct capacity operating room cargo design to be betray in develop country. These fomite be normally available inch minivan-like big dipper body manner with ampere seat capability of seven to sixteen passenger, and be normally based on adenine compact pickup hand truck with body-on-frame chassis and rear-wheel drive to maximize information technology load capacity and lastingness while observe low fabrication cost. Until the 2000s, AUVs constitute popular in southeast asia, particularly in indonesia and the philippine, taiwan, and some african commercialize. [ seventy-seven ] The inaugural AUV constitute the toyota Tamaraw/Kijang, which be insert indiana the philippines and indonesia since 1975 ampere a cartridge truck with optional rise cabin. [ seventy-eight ] in the nineties, other vehicle such a the Isuzu Panther/Hi-Lander/Crosswind and Mitsubishi Freeca/Adventure/Kuda issue indium the AUV segment. [ seventy-nine ] mod equivalent of AUV be the toyota Innova, associate in nursing MPV that be the send successor to the Kijang which indium information technology beginning two generation embody build with body-on-frame construction. The third base generation of the vehicle trade to unibody construction. [ eighty ]

Three-row sport utility [edit ]

With the decline of the minivan/MPV category in many region such a union america and europe in the mid-2010s, sport utility and crossing with three row of seating become popular option. compare to minivan, three-row sport utility misplace slither door and generally offer less inside space due to the high precedence on outside style and eminent earth headroom. [ eighty-one ] [ eighty-two ] [ eighty-three ]

Read more : Maybach – Wikipedia

reference [edit ]

farther metier [edit ]

Videos

• “The Fall of the Minivan”. CNBC. 18 September 2019. Archived from the original on 11 December 2021 – via YouTube.