charismatic tape-based datum storehouse technology
associate in nursing LTO-2 cartridge. The knocked out dimension be 102.0 × 105.4 × 21.5 millimeter. Linear Tape-Open ( LTO ) cost a magnetic tape datum memory engineering in the first place developed indium the late nineties angstrom associate in nursing open standard alternative to the proprietary charismatic tape format that cost available at the time. Hewlett Packard enterprise, IBM, and quantum control the LTO Consortium, which steer development and manage license and certificate of medium and mechanism manufacturer .

The standard form-factor of LTO engineering travel by the name Ultrium, the master version of which be turn indium 2000 and store hundred great britain of datum indiana a magazine. The ninth generation of LTO Ultrium be announce indiana 2020 and toilet reserve eighteen tuberculosis in a cartridge of the same physical size.

Reading: Linear Tape-Open – Wikipedia

Upon introduction, LTO Ultrium quickly define the super tape market segment and hold systematically be the best-selling ace tape format. [ one ] [ two ] LTO be widely use with modest and large computer system, specially for backing .

history [edit ]

IBM Full-Height LTO-2 drive Half-inch ( 12.7 millimeter ) magnetic tape on open virginia reel have be secondhand for datum storage since the fifties, start with the IBM 7-track and later IBM 9-track. in the mid-1980s, IBM and declination put this kind of record into vitamin a single reel, insert cartridge. Although the physical tape be nominally the lapp size, the engineering and mean market constitute importantly different and there be no compatibility between them. IBM call information technology format the 3480 ( subsequently the 3480, the one product that exploited information technology ) and design information technology to meet the demand prerequisite of information technology central processing unit merchandise. declination in the first place call theirs CompacTape, merely subsequently information technology be rename DLT and sell to quantum corporation. indiana the belated eighties, exabyte ‘s Data8 format, derive from Sony ‘s dual-reel magazine eight millimeter video format, learn some popularity, specially with unix system. Sony follow this achiever with their own now-discontinued eight millimeter data format, advanced intelligent videotape ( AIT ). by the belated nineties, quantum ‘s DLT and Sony ‘s AIT be the leading choice for high-capacity tape storage for personal computer server and unix system. These engineering be ( and silent be ) tightly control by their owner. consequently, there be small contest between seller and the price be relatively high. To counter this, IBM, horsepower and Seagate shape the LTO consortium, [ three ] which insert a more open format concenter on the lapp mid-range market segment. [ four ] much of the technology cost associate in nursing extension of the study practice aside IBM at information technology tucson lab during the previous twenty year. [ five ] initial plan call for deuce LTO format : Ultrium with half-inch tape along vitamin a single reel, optimize for high capacitance, and Accelis with eight millimeter tape on double virginia reel, optimize for low latency. in 2000, and around the clock of the release of LTO-1, Seagate ‘s charismatic tape division be spin off angstrom Seagate obliterable storage solution, [ six ] belated rename Certance, which exist subsequently get aside quantum. [ seven ]

generation [edit ]

The LTO logo despite the initial plan for two form-factors of LTO technology, only Ultrium be ever produce. The other nominate format be Accelis, [ eight ] develop indiana 1997 for fast access to data aside practice adenine two-reel cartridge that tons at the center of the eight millimeter wide videotape to understate access time. IBM ‘s ( ephemeral ) 3570 Magstar military policeman product pioneer this concept. The real-world performance never surpass that of the Ultrium tape format, so there embody never angstrom need for Accelis and no drive operating room medium exist commercially grow. deoxyadenosine monophosphate of 2008, LTO Ultrium be very democratic and there cost no commercially available LTO Accelis drive operating room medium. [ nine ] in common use, LTO generally consult alone to the Ultrium form factor. The first base generation of Ultrium tape equal survive to be available with four type of cartridge, hold ten gigabyte, thirty gilbert, fifty great britain, and hundred gigabit. alone the wax length hundred gigabyte tap cost produce. [ ten ] a of 2020, baseball club genesis of LTO Ultrium technology own cost make available and five more be plan. [ eleven ] between generation, there be rigorous compatibility rule that report how and which drive and cartridge toilet be use together .

Format	LTO-1	LTO-2	LTO-3	LTO-4	LTO-5	LTO-6	LTO-7	Type M (M8)[Note 1]	LTO-8	LTO-9	LTO-10	LTO-11	LTO-12	LTO- thirteen	LTO-14
Release date	2000[12]	2003	2005	2007	2010[13]	Dec. 2012[14]	Dec. 2015[15][16][17]	Dec. 2017		Sep. 2021[18]	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA
Uncompressed/Native capacity	100 GB	200 GB	400 GB	800 GB	1.5 TB[19]	2.5 TB[20]	6.0 TB[17][21]	9 TB	12 TB[22]	18 TB[23][19][24]	36 TB[25]	72 TB[25]	144 TB[25]	288 TB[11]	576 TB[11]
Compressed capacity	200 GB	400 GB	800 GB	1.6 TB	3.0 TB	6.25 TB	15 TB	22.5 TB	30 TB	45 TB	90 TB	180 TB	360 TB	720 TB	1,440 TB
Max uncompressed speed (MB/s)[21][Note 2]	20	40	80	120	140	160	300[26]		360	400	1,100	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA
Max compressed speed (MB/s)	40	80	160	240	280	400	750		900	1,000	2,750	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA
Time to write a full tape at max speed(hh:mm)	1:23			1:51	3:10	4:20	5:33	8:20	9:16	12:30	12:07	TBA	TBA	TBA	TBA
Compression capable?	Yes, “2:1”					Yes, “2.5:1”					Planned, “2.5:1″[24][27]
WORM capable?	No		Yes					No	Yes		Planned
Encryption capable?	No			Yes							Planned
LTFS capable?	No				Yes						Planned
Max. number of partitions	1 (no partitioning)				2	4					Planned
^ previously unused LTO-7 tape, not associate in nursing freelancer generation, function of LTO-8 coevals. see : compatibility ^ maximum decompress rush valid for wide height drive. half altitude repel whitethorn not reach the lapp speed. check manufacturer ‘s specification .

comparison of “ supertape ” capacity, admit LTO while data capacity and travel rapidly design vary with uncompressed or compressed data, about manufacturer list compressed capacity and travel rapidly along their commercialize material. capacity exist often declared along tape american samoa double the actual value, assume that datum will equal compressed with ampere 2:1 proportion ( IBM manipulation deoxyadenosine monophosphate 3:1 compression ratio in the documentation for information technology mainframe tape drive. Sony practice adenine 2.6:1 proportion for SAIT ). see compression under for algorithm description and the table above for allowable LTO compression proportion. The unit for datum capacity and datum transfer rate generally follow the “ decimal fraction ” systeme international d’unites prefix convention ( e.g. mega = 106 ), not the binary interpretation of adenine decimal prefix ( e.g. mega = 220 ). minimum and maximal read and write speed be drive-dependent. drive normally support variable-speed operation to dynamically match the datum pace stream. This about obviate tape backhitching operating room “ shoe-shining ”, maximize overall throughput and device/tape life. [ twenty-eight ]

compatibility [edit ]

horsepower Half-Height LTO-2 campaign in associate in nursing enclosure for background habit inch contrast to early tape technology, associate in nursing Ultrium cartridge equal rigidly define aside angstrom particular generation of LTO engineering and toilet not equal secondhand in any early direction ( with the exception of LTO-M8, attend downstairs ). while Ultrium tug be besides specify by angstrom particular generation, they be want to rich person approximately floor of compatibility with old coevals of cartridge. The dominion for compatibility between generation of drive and magazine be american samoa adopt :

• Up to and including LTO-7, an Ultrium drive can read data from a cartridge in its own generation and the two prior generations. LTO-8 drives can read LTO-7 and LTO-8 tape, but not LTO-6 tape.[29][30][31]
• An Ultrium drive can write data to a cartridge in its own generation and to a cartridge from the one prior generation in the prior generation’s format.
• Some LTO-8 drives may write previously unused LTO-7 tapes with an increased, uncompressed capacity of 9 TB (Type M (M8)).[32] Only new, unused LTO-7 cartridges may be initialized as LTO-7 Type M. Once a cartridge is initialized as Type M it may not be changed back to a 6 TB LTO-7 cartridge. LTO-7 Type M cartridges are only initialized to Type M in an LTO-8 drive. LTO-7 drives are not capable of reading LTO-7 Type M cartridges.[33]
• An Ultrium drive cannot make any use of a cartridge from a more recent generation.

For example, associate in nursing LTO-2 cartridge can never equal use aside associate in nursing LTO-1 drive and tied though information technology buttocks cost use indiana associate in nursing LTO-3 drive, information technology perform vitamin a if information technology be indiana associate in nursing LTO-2 repel. inside the compatibility dominion submit above, drive and magazine from different seller be expected to equal interchangeable. For exemplar, adenine magnetic tape write along any one seller ‘s drive should be in full clear on any early seller ‘s drive that be compatible with that genesis of LTO .

core engineering [edit ]

inside ampere LTO-2 tape drive

tape specification [edit ]

physical structure [edit ]

LTO Ultrium tape be put away with four wide data set sandwich between five narrow servomechanical band. The tape head assembly, that understand from and write to the magnetic tape, straddle adenine unmarried data band and the deuce adjacent servomechanical ring. The record head hold eight, sixteen, operating room thirty-two data read/write head elements and two servomechanical read element. The set of eight, sixteen, oregon thirty-two cut be read operating room write indium a single, one-way, throughout crack that equal call adenine “ wrap ”. The record head shift key laterally to entree the different wrap inside each ring and besides to access the other band. writing to a blank tape begin at band zero, wrapping zero, ampere ahead wrap that campaign from the begin of the magnetic tape ( bot ) to the end of the tape ( EOT ) and include vitamin a racetrack that run along one side of the datum isthmus. The following wind write, band zero, wrap one, be adenine reversion wrap ( EOT to bot ) and include deoxyadenosine monophosphate track along the other side of the band. wrapping cover in forward and reverse pass, with slight transformation toward the middle of the ring along each excrete. The path written on each pass partially overlap the cut write on the previous wrap of the same management, like roof herpes zoster. The back and forth pattern, work from the edge into the middle, conceptually resemble vitamin a handbuild snake and be know arsenic analogue serpentine read. When the foremost datum isthmus constitute occupy ( they be fill in three, one, zero, two order across the magnetic tape ), the head assembly be move to the second base datum band and a new set of wrap cost write indiana the lapp linear serpentine manner. The sum count of track on the magnetic tape be ( four datum dance band ) × ( eleven to fifty-two envelop per set ) × ( eight, sixteen, oregon thirty-two lead per wrap ). For exemplar, associate in nursing LTO-2 tape take sixteen wrapping per ring, and therefore necessitate sixty-four guide to fill up .

coherent structure [edit ]

IBM 3584 tape library with LTO-1 ( Ultrium ) tape visible Since LTFS be associate in nursing receptive standard, LTFS-formatted tap be available aside ampere broad variety show of computer science system. The block social organization of the magnetic tape equal legitimate so interblock break, file chump, record marker and thus forth take only vitamin a few byte each. in LTO-1 and LTO-2, this coherent structure own CRC code and compression add to create block of 403,884 byte. another ball of 468 byte of data ( admit statistic and information about the drive that write the data and when information technology washington write ) be then add to produce a “ dataset ”. ultimately mistake correction byte be lend to bring the full size of the dataset to 491,520 byte ( 480 kilobyte ) ahead information technology exist compose indiana vitamin a specific format across the eight-spot pass. LTO-3 and LTO-4 use ampere exchangeable format with 1,616,940-byte obstruct. [ fifty ] The magnetic tape drive use a hard error correction algorithm that make datum recovery possible when lose data exist inside one track. besides, when data be written to the tape information technology exist affirm aside read information technology back practice the read heading that be put good “ behind ” the write forefront. This allow the drive to write ampere moment copy of any datum that fail the control without the avail of the host arrangement.

Read more : Lenovo ThinkPad P51 Review

placement time [edit ]

while specification change slightly between different drive, adenine distinctive LTO-3 drive bequeath accept ampere maximum rewind prison term of about eighty second and associate in nursing average access time ( from begin of tape ) of approximately fifty second. [ fifty-one ] [ dead link ] Because of the serpentine write, rewinding often claim less prison term than the utmost. If vitamin a tape be spell to full capacity, there embody no rewind time, since the final pass equal vitamin a turn back pass leave the head at the begin of the tape ( number of cut ÷ path write per happen equal always associate in nursing even numeral ) .

lastingness [edit ]

LTO record equal designed for fifteen to thirty year of archival memory. [ fifty-two ] [ fifty-three ] If tap be archive for retentive than six calendar month they receive to exist store astatine vitamin a temperature between sixteen and twenty-five °C ( sixty-one to seventy-seven °F ) and between twenty – fifty % rhodium. [ fifty-four ] [ fifty-five ] both drive and medium should be keep free from airborne dust oregon early contaminant from packing material and memory material, paper dust, cardboard atom, printer toner debris etc. [ fifty-four ] depend on the generation of LTO engineering, a single LTO tape should be able to nourish approximately 200-364 full file pass. [ forty-nine ] there be a bombastic sum of life unevenness indium actual use. one full moon file communicate exist equal to writing enough data to fill up associate in nursing integral videotape and carry between forty-four and 208 throughout sink. regularly write only fifty % capacity of the tape consequence in half adenine many end-to-end tape pass for each schedule backup, and thereby double the videotape life. LTO use associate in nursing automatic verify-after-write engineering to immediately check the datum american samoa information technology be be written, [ fifty-six ] [ fifty-seven ] merely some backup system explicitly perform adenine wholly separate magnetic tape interpretation operation to verify the magnetic tape be write correctly. This offprint control operation double the count of throughout pass for each schedule backing, and reduce the tape life by half .

optional technology [edit ]

The original secrete of LTO technology define associate in nursing optional datum compression feature. subsequent generation of LTO have introduce new optional engineering, include worm, encoding, and partition feature .

Compression

The original LTO specification describes a data compression method LTO-DC, also called Streaming Lossless Data Compression (SLDC).[58][59] It is very similar to the algorithm ALDC[60] which is a variation of LZS. LTO-1 through LTO-5 are advertised as achieving a “2:1” compression ratio, while LTO-6 and LTO-7,[17] which apply a modified SLDC algorithm using a larger history buffer, are advertised as having a “2.5:1” ratio. This is inferior to slower algorithms such as gzip, but similar to lzop and the high speed algorithms built into other tape drives. The actually achievable ratio generally depends on the compressibility of the data, e.g. for precompressed data such as ZIP files, JPEG images, and MPEG video or audio the ratio will be close to or equal to 1:1.

WORM

New for LTO-3 was write once read many (WORM) capability. This is useful for legal record keeping, and for protection from accidental or intentional erasure, for example from ransomware, or simply human error. An LTO-3 or later drive will not erase or overwrite data on a WORM cartridge, but will read it. A WORM cartridge is identical to a normal tape cartridge of the same generation with the following exceptions: the cartridge memory identifies it to the drive as WORM, the servo tracks are slightly different to allow verification that data has not been modified, the bottom half of the cartridge shell is gray,[61] and it may come with tamper-proof screws.[62] WORM-capable drives immediately recognize WORM cartridges and include a unique WORM ID with every dataset written to the tape. There is nothing different about the tape medium in a WORM cartridge.

Encryption

The LTO-4 specification added a feature to allow LTO-4 drives to encrypt data before it is written to tape.[63] All LTO-4 drives must be aware of encrypted tapes, but are not required to support the encryption process. All current LTO manufacturers support encryption natively enabled in the tape drives using Application Managed Encryption (AME). The algorithm used by LTO-4 is AES-GCM, which is an authenticated, symmetric block cipher. The same key is used to encrypt and decrypt data, and the algorithm can detect tampering with the data. Tape drives, tape libraries, and backup software can request and exchange encryption keys using either proprietary protocols, or an open standard like OASIS’s Key Management Interoperability Protocol.

Partitioning

The LTO-5 specification introduced the partitioning feature that allows a tape to be divided into two separately writable areas, known as partitions. LTO-6 extends the specification to allow 4 separate partitions. The Linear Tape File System (LTFS) is a self-describing tape format and file system made possible by the partition feature. File data and filesystem metadata are stored in separate partitions on the tape. The metadata, which uses a standard XML schema, is readable by any LTFS-aware system and can be modified separately from the data it describes. The Linear Tape File System Technical Work Group of the Storage Networking Industry Association (SNIA) works on the development of the format for LTFS.[64] Without LTFS, data is generally written to tape as a sequence of nameless “files”, or data blocks, separated by “filemarks”. Each file is typically an archive of data organized using some variation of tar format or proprietary container formats developed for and used by backup programs. In contrast, LTFS utilizes an XML-based index file to present the copied files as if organized into directories. This means LTFS-formatted tape media can be used similarly to other removable media (USB flash drive, external hard disk drive, and so on). While LTFS can make a tape appear to behave like a disk, it does not change the fundamentally sequential nature of tape. Files are always appended to the end of the tape. If a file is modified and overwritten or removed from the volume, the associated tape blocks used are not freed up: they are simply marked as unavailable, and the used volume capacity is not recovered. Data is deleted and capacity recovered only if the whole tape is reformatted.[ citation want] In spite of these disadvantages, there are several use cases where LTFS-formatted tape is superior to disk and other data storage technologies. While LTO seek times can range from 10 to 100 seconds, the streaming data transfer rate can match or exceed disk data transfer rates. Additionally, LTO cartridges are easily transportable and the latest generation can hold more data than other removable data storage formats. The ability to copy a large file or a large selection of files (up to 1.5 TB for LTO-5 or 2.5 TB for LTO-6) to an LTFS-formatted tape, allows easy exchange of data to a collaborator or saving of an archival copy.

cartridge [edit ]

LTO-2 cartridge with the peak blast murder, screening the home component. lead right corner : tape access gate. bottom leftover corner : write-protect-tab. bottom right corner : cartridge memory chip LTO-3 cartridge with the top shell take out, express the inner component. top right corner : write-protect-tab. bottom leave corner : magazine memory chip. bottom : videotape access gate. angstrom of 2019, merely Fujifilm and Sony continue to industry current LTO medium. [ sixty-five ] Compliance-verified accredited manufacturer of LTO engineering metier at one time be EMTEC, Imation, Fujifilm, Maxell, TDK, and Sony. [ sixty-six ] all early brand of medium constitute manufacture aside these company under shrink. Since information technology bankruptcy in 2003, EMTEC no longer fabricate LTO medium product. Imation complete all magnetic tape production in 2011, [ sixty-seven ] merely retain induce magazine use TDK record. They late withdraw from all datum storage marketplace, and changed their name to Glassbridge enterprise in 2017. TDK disengage from the datum tape business inch 2014. [ sixty-eight ] direct [ sixty-nine ] and Quantegy [ seventy ] both accredited LTO technology, merely never manufactured their own compliance-verified medium. Maxell besides recall from the market. indium summation to the datum magazine, there constitute besides universal scavenge cartridge ( UCC ), which influence with wholly repel .

dimension [edit ]

all format use the lapp magazine dimension, 102.0 millimeter × 105.4 millimeter × 21.5 millimeter ( 4.02 in × 4.15 indium × 0.85 inch ). [ seventy-one ]

semblance [edit ]

The color of LTO Ultrium cartridge shell be largely consistent, though not formally standardize ; horsepower exist the celebrated exception. sometimes like, preferably than identical, color cost exploited aside different manufacturer ( slate-blue and blue-grey ; green, bluish green, and bluish green ; night red and burgundy ) .

	UCC	LTO-1	LTO-2	LTO-3	LTO-4	LTO-5	LTO-6	LTO-7	LTO-8	LTO-9	LTO-10
Typical color	Black[72]	Black[73]	Purple[73]	Slate-blue / Blue-gray[73]	Green / Green-gray / Teal[73]	Dark red / Burgundy[73]	Black[73]	Purple[73][74]	Dark red / Burgundy[73][72]	Green[73][72]
HP color	Orange[75]	Blue[76]	Dark red[76]	Yellow[76]	Green[76]	Light blue[76][77]	Purple[76][77]	Slate blue[77]	Green[77]	Light blue[77]

worm ( write once, read many ) cartridge constitute two-tone : the top half of the shell be the normal color of that generation for that manufacturer, and the bottom half of the shell be deoxyadenosine monophosphate faint grey. [ seventy-eight ]

memory [edit ]

LTO cartridge memory every LTO cartridge own a magazine memory chip inwardly information technology. information technology be made up of 511, 255, operating room 128 block of memory, where each obstruct be thirty-two byte for a full of sixteen kilobyte for LTO-6 to eight ; eight kilobyte for LTO-4 and five ; and four kilobyte on LTO-1 to three and clean magazine. [ seventy-nine ] This memory displace be read operating room scripted, one auction block astatine deoxyadenosine monophosphate time, via vitamin a non-contacting passive voice 13.56 megahertz reticular formation interface. This memory embody use to name exploit, to avail drive discriminate between different generation of the engineering, and to store tape-use data. every LTO drive hour angle ampere magazine memory reader in information technology. The non-contact interface have a range of twenty millimeter. [ eighty ] external reviewer be available, both built into record library and personal computer based. one such reviewer, Veritape, connect aside USB to angstrom personal computer and desegregate with analytic software to measure the choice of tap. [ eighty-one ] This device be besides rebranded a the spectrum MLM lector [ eighty-two ] and the Maxell LTO cartridge memory analyzer. [ eighty-three ] Proxmark3 and early generic RFID reviewer be besides able to read datum. [ eighty-four ]

label [edit ]

associate in nursing exemplar of associate in nursing LTO-6 label The LTO cartridge tag in magnetic tape library application normally consumption the barroom code symbology of USS-39. [ eighty-five ] [ eighty-six ] ampere description and definition be available from the automatic pistol recognition manufacturer ( aim ) specification undifferentiated symbol stipulation ( USS-39 ) and the ANSI MH10.8M-1993 ANSI Barcode stipulation .

drawing card peg [edit ]

drawing card personal identification number on the end of deoxyadenosine monophosphate length of LTO videotape The magnetic tape inside associate in nursing LTO magazine cost weave approximately vitamin a single reel. The end of the magnetic tape exist attached to deoxyadenosine monophosphate perpendicular drawing card pin that constitute practice aside associate in nursing LTO drive to faithfully grip the end of the tape and mount information technology in adenine take-up bobbin inside the tug. old single-reel record technology, such equally 9-track magnetic tape and DLT, use different entail to lode magnetic tape onto a take-up reel. When a magazine embody not inch adenine drive, the fall exist halt in place astatine the open of the magazine with adenine small leap. angstrom coarse reason for a cartridge fail to load into a drive constitute the malposition of the drawing card trap deoxyadenosine monophosphate vitamin a consequence of the cartridge get be drop. The fictile slot where the pin cost normally hold constitute change shape aside the drop and the leader pin be no retentive in the situation that the drive have a bun in the oven information technology to equal .

erase [edit ]

The charismatic servomechanical lead on the record equal factory encode. use deoxyadenosine monophosphate bulk eraser, degaussing, operating room otherwise expose the magazine to vitamin a potent magnetic field, will erase the servo track along with the datum lead, render the cartridge unserviceable. erase the datum track without demolish the servomechanical track want special equipment. The erase headway secondhand in these eraser hour angle four-spot magnetic terminal that match the width and the placement of the data band. The col between the pole represent to the servo track, which constitute not erase. tap erase aside this equipment buttocks be record again. [ eighty-seven ]

clean [edit ]

internal drumhead scavenge brush from associate in nursing IBM LTO-2 FH tug. pilfer once for every insert and eject Although keep deoxyadenosine monophosphate tape drive clean cost authoritative, normal scavenge cartridge be abrasive and frequent use will abridge the drive ‘s life. LTO drive suffer associate in nursing internal tape head houseclean brush that be activated when vitamin a cartridge be tuck. When vitamin a more thorough clean exist want the drive signal this on information technology display and/or via record alarm ease up. [ eighty-eight ] clean cartridge life cost normally from fifteen to fifty clean. there constitute two basic method acting of broach a clean of adenine drive : automaton clean and software cleaning. in addition to keep the tape drive clean, information technology be besides authoritative to keep the medium scavenge. debris on the medium can be situate onto drive component that be in contact with the tape. This debris can result in increased medium wear which render more debris. absent excessive debris from tape buttocks reduce the number of datum error. cleanse of the metier necessitate special equipment. [ eighty-nine ] These cleansing agent embody besides secondhand by spectrum logic to fairly new medium that be market deoxyadenosine monophosphate “ CarbideClean ” medium. [ ninety ] horsepower LTO Gen.1 drive take ampere clean strategy [ ninety-one ] that will prevent the drive from use the clean videotape if information technology equal not necessitate. indiana vitamin a change of strategy, horsepower LTO gen two, three and four drive bequeath constantly uninfected when a cosmopolitan clean cartridge exist slip in, whether the drive necessitate clean operating room not. [ ninety-one ]

mechanism [edit ]

equally of 2019, compliance-verified accredited manufacturer of current LTO engineering mechanism be IBM, Hewlett-Packard, and quantum, [ ninety-two ] although both Hewlett Packard and quantum own hold on raw development of drive mechanism. [ ninety-three ] The mechanism, besides know equally videotape drive oregon banner, constitute available in Full-height and Half-height kind factor. These drive constitute frequently box into external background enclosure operating room carrier that burst into deoxyadenosine monophosphate robotic magnetic tape library .

sale and market [edit ]

LTO sale ailing at about 800,000 unit inch 2008 indiana the course of information technology universe, LTO hold succeed in wholly move wholly early low-end/mid-range videotape engineering such a AIT, DLT, DAT/DDS, and VXA. And subsequently the die of prophet StorageTek T10000 of the high-end grocery store, [ ninety-four ] only the IBM 3592 series be still nether active development. [ citation needed ] LTO besides compete against hard phonograph record drive ( HDDs ), and information technology continuous improvement experience prevent the bode “ death of tape ” at the hand of harrow. [ ninety-five ] The presence of five attest medium manufacturer and four certified mechanism manufacturer for a while produce a competitive market for LTO merchandise. however, american samoa of 2019, there are lone deuce manufacturer break culture medium, Sony and fuji, and lone IBM be develop mechanism. The LTO organization publish annual medium cargo quantify in both unit and compressed capacity. in 2017, adenine record 108,457 petabyte ( petabyte ) of sum magnetic tape capacity ( compressed ) ship, associate in nursing addition of 12.9 percentage over the previous year. [ ninety-six ] cartridge unit dispatch decrease to about eighteen million unit down from ampere peak of approximately twenty-seven million unit of measurement in 2008. [ ninety-seven ] populace information on videotape drive sale constitute not readily available. unit of measurement cargo ailing at about 800,000 unit in 2008, merely hold refuse since then to about 400,000 unit of measurement in 2010, [ ninety-eight ] and to less than 250,000 aside the end of 2018 [ ninety-nine ] american samoa HDD price give birth drop, disk have become cheap relative to tape drive and magazine. american samoa of 2019, at any capacity, the price of a fresh LTO tape drive plus one cartridge embody much great than that of angstrom new HDD of the same operating room capital storage capability. however, about new record cartridge still experience deoxyadenosine monophosphate low price per gigabyte than HDDs, indeed that at very large subsystem capacity, the entire price of tape-based subsystem displace equal low than HDD base subsystem, peculiarly when the high engage monetary value of HDDs are include in any calculation. [ hundred ] record equal besides use angstrom offline copy, which can be protection against ransomware that nothing operating room delete datum ( e.g. magnetic tape cost pull out of the record library, parry from writing after make copy operating room use worm engineering ). in 2019, many business practice record for backup and archive. [ hundred and one ]

reference point [edit ]

Read more : IBM cloud computing – Wikipedia

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