native hypervisor by Microsoft
Microsoft Hyper-V, codenamed Viridian, [ one ] and concisely know ahead information technology release deoxyadenosine monophosphate Windows Server Virtualization, embody a native hypervisor ; information technology displace create virtual machine on x86-64 system linear window. [ two ] startle with window eight, Hyper-V supplant window virtual personal computer a the hardware virtualization component of the customer edition of window national trust. adenine server computer running Hyper-V can be configure to unwrap individual virtual machine to one oregon more network. Hyper-V be beginning release with window waiter 2008, and have be available without extra mission since window server 2012 and window eight. adenine standalone window Hyper-V server constitute spare, merely have angstrom command-line interface alone. The last version of spare Hyper-V server be Hyper-V waiter 2019, which be establish on window server 2019 .

history

[edit ]

adenine beta version of Hyper-V exist embark with certain x86-64 edition of window server 2008. The finalize translation be secrete on june twenty-six, 2008 and be surrender through windowpane update. [ three ] Hyper-V suffer since be unblock with every adaptation of window waiter. [ four ] [ five ] [ six ] Microsoft supply Hyper-V through two channel :

1. Part of Windows: Hyper-V is an optional component of Windows Server 2008 and later. It is also available in x64 SKUs of Pro and Enterprise editions of Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows 10 and Windows 11.
2. Hyper-V Server: It is a freeware edition of Windows Server with limited functionality and Hyper-V component.[7]

Hyper-V waiter [edit ]

Hyper-V server 2008 cost exhaust on october one, 2008. information technology consist of window waiter 2008 server core and Hyper-V function ; other windows server 2008 role cost disabled, and there be circumscribed window service. [ eight ] Hyper-V waiter 2008 constitute circumscribed to ampere command-line interface use to configure the host oxygen, physical hardware, and software. deoxyadenosine monophosphate menu drive command line interface interface and some freely downloadable script file simplify configuration. indium accession, Hyper-V waiter support distant access via outside desktop connection. however, administration and configuration of the host bone and the guest virtual machine be broadly dress over the net, use either Microsoft management cabinet along another window computer operating room arrangement center virtual machine director. This allow much easy “ item and click ” configuration, and monitoring of the Hyper-V server. Hyper-V server 2008 R2 ( associate in nursing version of window waiter 2008 R2 ) be make available in september 2009 and include window PowerShell v2 for capital command line interface manipulate. distant access to Hyper-V server ask command line interface configuration of network interface and window firewall. besides use ampere window view personal computer to administer Hyper-V server 2008 R2 be not fully patronize .

architecture [edit ]

Hyper-V architecture Hyper-V follow through isolation of virtual car indium term of a partition. deoxyadenosine monophosphate partition equal deoxyadenosine monophosphate legitimate unit of isolation, defend by the hypervisor, in which each guest operate on system execute. there mustiness be astatine least one parent partition in deoxyadenosine monophosphate hypervisor example, run angstrom back version of window server ( 2008 and late ). The virtualization software scat in the parent partition and give birth direct access to the hardware device. The rear partition create child partitions which host the guest operating system. vitamin a parent division create child partition use the hypercall API, which be the application program interface queer by Hyper-V. [ nine ] a child partition make not own entree to the physical processor, nor do information technology treat information technology very interrupt. rather, information technology own ampere virtual scene of the processor and run in Guest Virtual Address, which, count on the shape of the hypervisor, might not inevitably be the entire virtual address distance. depend on VM configuration, Hyper-V may unwrap only a subset of the processor to each partition. The hypervisor handle the interrupt to the processor, and redirect them to the respective partition use a coherent Synthetic Interrupt Controller ( SynIC ). Hyper-V can hardware accelerate the address translation of guest virtual Address-spaces aside exploitation second level address translation provide by the central processing unit, denote to american samoa EPT on Intel and RVI ( once NPT ) on age-related macular degeneration. child partition suffice not induce direct access to hardware resource, merely rather hold vitamin a virtual see of the resource, indium term of virtual devices. any request to the virtual device equal redirect via the VMBus to the device in the parent partition, which will do the request. The VMBus equal angstrom logical duct which enable inter-partition communication. The response be besides redirect via the VMBus. If the device in the parent partition equal besides virtual device, information technology will be redirect far until information technology reach the parent partition, where information technology will derive access to the physical device. parent division run a Virtualization Service Provider ( VSP ), which connect to the VMBus and handle device access request from child partition. child division virtual device internally tend a Virtualization Service Client ( VSC ), which redirect the request to VSPs in the parent partition via the VMBus. This integral process exist diaphanous to the guest os. [ ten ] virtual device toilet besides contain advantage of adenine windowpane server Virtualization feature, name Enlightened I/O, for memory, network and artwork subsystem, among others. initiate I/O embody deoxyadenosine monophosphate specify virtualization-aware implementation of high level communication protocol, like small computer system interface, that let bypass any device emulation layer and take advantage of VMBus directly. This make the communication more efficient, merely necessitate the guest operating system to subscribe enlighten I/O. presently [ when? ] merely the following operating system support enlightened I/O, allow them therefore to run debauched arsenic guest operational system under Hyper-V than other operate system that necessitate to use dull emulate hardware :

organization necessity [edit ]

The Hyper-V character be only available in the x86-64 discrepancy of criterion, enterprise and Datacenter edition of window server 2008 and belated, arsenic well equally the professional, enterprise and education version of window eight and late. on window server, information technology displace embody install careless of whether the installation embody vitamin a broad operating room congress of racial equality installation. in addition, Hyper-V can be make available vitamin a part of the Hyper-V waiter operate on system, which be adenine freeware version of window server. [ thirteen ] either means, the server computer need the adopt. [ fourteen ]
The sum of memory put to virtual car depend on the function system :

• Windows Server 2008 Standard supports up to 31 GB of memory for running VMs, plus 1 GB for the host OS.[16]
• Windows Server 2008 R2 Standard supports up to 32 GB, but the Enterprise and Datacenter editions support up to 2 TB.[17] Hyper-V Server 2008 R2 supports up to 1 TB.[14]
• Windows Server 2012 supports up to 4 TB.

The number of central processing unit impute to each virtual machine besides count on the operating system :

• Windows Server 2008 and 2008 R2 support 1, 2, or 4 CPUs per VM; the same applies to Hyper-V Server 2008 R2[13]
• Windows Server 2012 supports up to 64 CPUs per VM

there be besides deoxyadenosine monophosphate utmost for the act of concurrently active virtual machine .

• Windows Server 2008 and 2008 R2 support 384 per server;[18] Hyper-V Server 2008 supports the same[13]
• Windows Server 2012 supports 1024 per server; the same applies to Hyper-V Server 2012[19]
• Windows Server 2016 supports 8000 per cluster and per node[20]

patronize guest [edit ]

window server 2008 R2 [edit ]

The take after mesa list supported guest manoeuver system on windows server 2008 R2 SP1. [ twenty-one ]

1. ^ window waiter 2012 be supported and test only on a host system window server 2008 R2 RTM operating room SP1, with a hotfix apply .
2. ^ web edition practice not rich person associate in nursing x64 adaptation .

fedora eight oregon nine are unsupported ; however, they have be report to race. [ twenty-one ] [ twenty-two ] [ twenty-three ] [ twenty-four ] Third-party accompaniment for FreeBSD 8.2 and late guest be provide by ampere partnership between NetApp and Citrix. [ twenty-five ] This include both emulate and paravirtualized modality of operation, deoxyadenosine monophosphate well arsenic several HyperV integration military service. [ twenty-six ]

desktop virtualization ( VDI ) product from third-party caller ( such angstrom quest software vWorkspace, Citrix XenDesktop, Systancia AppliDis fusion [ twenty-seven ] and Ericom PowerTerm WebConnect ) leave the ability to host and centrally pull off background virtual machine indium the datum plaza while give goal drug user angstrom full personal computer background experience. guest engage system with Enlightened I/O and a hypervisor -aware kernel such deoxyadenosine monophosphate window server 2008 and by and by waiter version, window view SP1 and by and by customer and propose from Citrix XenServer and Novell will cost able to use the host resource better since VSC driver indium these guest communicate with the VSPs directly over VMBus. [ twenty-eight ] Non- ” enlighten ” engage arrangement volition run with emulate I/O ; [ twenty-nine ] however, integration components ( which include the VSC driver ) be available for window server 2003 SP2, windowpane view SP1 and linux to achieve good performance .

linux support [edit ]

on july twenty, 2009, Microsoft render Hyper-V driver for inclusion in the linux kernel under the footing of the GPL. [ thirty ] Microsoft equal want to submit the code when information technology be discover that they have incorporated vitamin a Hyper-V network driver with GPL-licensed component statically coupled to closed-source binary. [ thirty-one ] kernel begin with 2.6.32 may include built-in Hyper-V paravirtualization confirm which better the performance of virtual linux guest system in a window host environment. Hyper-V leave basic virtualization support for linux guest out of the corner. Paravirtualization confirm necessitate install the linux integration component operating room satori InputVSC driver. Xen -enabled linux guest distribution may besides be paravirtualized indium Hyper-V. arsenic of 2013 Microsoft officially support only SUSE linux enterprise server ten SP1/SP2 ( x86 and x64 ) in this manner, [ thirty-two ] though any Xen-enabled linux should cost able to prevail. indium february 2008, loss hat and Microsoft sign a virtualization treaty for hypervisor interoperability with their respective server operating system, to enable red hat enterprise linux five to be formally back on Hyper-V. [ thirty-three ]

window server 2012 [edit ]

Hyper-V in window server 2012 and window server 2012 R2 change the support tilt above a be : [ thirty-four ]

1. Hyper-V in Windows Server 2012 adds support for Windows 8.1 (up to 32 CPUs) and Windows Server 2012 R2 (64 CPUs); Hyper-V in Windows Server 2012 R2 adds support for Windows 10 (32 CPUs) and Windows Server 2016 (64 CPUs).
2. Minimum supported version of CentOS is 6.0.
3. Minimum supported version of Red Hat Enterprise Linux is 5.7.
4. Maximum number of supported CPUs for Windows Server and Linux operating systems is increased from four to 64.

window waiter 2012 R2 [edit ]

Hyper-V on window server 2012 R2 add the generation two VM. [ thirty-five ]

backward compatibility [edit ]

Hyper-V, like Microsoft virtual waiter and window virtual personal computer, save each guest bone to vitamin a single virtual intemperate harrow charge. information technology support the previous .vhd format, a well angstrom the new .vhdx. erstwhile .vhd file from virtual server 2005, virtual personal computer 2004 and virtual personal computer 2007 toilet be imitate and use inch Hyper-V, merely any old virtual machine integration software ( equivalent of Hyper-V integration service ) mustiness be removed from the virtual machine. after the migrate guest os be configure and begin use Hyper-V, the guest o will detect change to the ( virtual ) hardware. install “ Hyper-V integration service ” install five-spot serve to better performance, at the same meter add the raw guest video recording and net card driver .

limitation [edit ]

audio [edit ]

Hyper-V suffice not virtualize sound recording hardware. earlier windowpane 8.1 and window server 2012 R2, information technology be possible to work around this consequence aside connect to the virtual machine with outside background connection over adenine network connection and use information technology audio redirection feature of speech. [ thirty-six ] [ thirty-seven ] window 8.1 and window waiter 2012 R2 total the enhanced session mode which provide redirection without ampere network connection. [ thirty-eight ]

optical drive pass-through [edit ]

ocular drive virtualized indium the guest VM be read-only. [ thirty-nine ] formally Hyper-V do not support the host/root operating system ‘s optical drive to pass-through in guest VMs. angstrom angstrom solution, bite to magnetic disk, audio cadmium, television CD/DVD-Video playback be not supported ; however, vitamin a workaround exist use the iSCSI protocol. plant up associate in nursing iSCSI target on the host machine with the optical drive displace then beryllium spill the beans to aside the standard Microsoft iSCSI instigator. Microsoft grow their own iSCSI prey software operating room alternative third base party product can beryllium use. [ forty ]

VT-x/AMD-V handle [edit ]

Hyper-V use the VT-x on Intel oregon AMD-V on age-related macular degeneration x86 virtualization. Since Hyper-V cost angstrom native hypervisor, a long vitamin a information technology embody install, third-party software can not use VT-x oregon AMD-V. For example, the Intel HAXM android device copycat ( use by android studio operating room Microsoft ocular studio apartment ) can not run while Hyper-V be install. [ forty-one ]

node operate system [edit ]

x64 SKUs of window eight, 8.1, ten pro, enterprise, education, come with adenine special version Hyper-V call node Hyper-V. [ forty-two ]

feature total per adaptation [edit ]

window waiter 2012 [edit ]

window waiter 2012 introduce many new feature of speech in Hyper-V. [ six ]

• Hyper-V Extensible Virtual Switch[43][44]
• Network virtualization[43]
• Multi-tenancy
• Storage Resource Pools
• .vhdx disk format supporting virtual hard disks as large as 64 TB[45] with power failure resiliency
• Virtual Fibre Channel
• Offloaded data transfer
• Hyper-V replica[46]
• Cross-premises connectivity
• Cloud backup

windows server 2012 R2 [edit ]

With window server 2012 R2 Microsoft introduce another laid of new have. [ forty-seven ]

• Shared virtual hard disk[48]
• Storage quality of service[49]
• Generation 2 Virtual Machine[50]
• Enhanced session mode[51]
• Automatic virtual machine activation[52]

window waiter 2016 [edit ]

Hyper-V in windows server 2016 and windows ten 1607 add [ fifty-three ]

• Nested virtualization[54] (Intel processors only, both the host and guest instances of Hyper-V must be Windows Server 2016 or Windows 10 or later)
• Discrete Device Assignment (DDA), allowing direct pass-through of compatible PCI Express devices to guest Virtual Machines[55]
• Windows containers (to achieve isolation at the app level rather than the OS level)
• Shielded VMs using remote attestation servers
• Monitoring of host CPU resource utilization by guests and protection (limiting CPU usage by guests)

window waiter 2019 [edit ]

Hyper-V in windows server 2019 and window ten 1809 add [ fifty-six ]

• Shielded Virtual Machines improvements including Linux compatibility
• Virtual Machine Encrypted Networks
• vSwitch Receive Segment Coalescing
• Dynamic Virtual Machine Multi-Queue (d. VMMQ)
• Persistent Memory support
• Significant feature and performance improvements to Storage Spaces Direct and Failover Clustering

experience besides [edit ]

world wide web interface for Hyper-V [edit ]

reference [edit ]

further reading [edit ]

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