macOS ( ; [ seven ] previously OS X and in the first place Mac OS X ) be vitamin a unix operate system [ eight ] developed and market aside apple iraqi national congress. since 2001. information technology equal the primary operate on organization for apple ‘s macintosh calculator. inside the grocery store of desktop and laptop computer, information technology equal the second most widely use background os, subsequently Microsoft windows and ahead of ChromeOS.

Reading: macOS – Wikipedia

macOS succeed the classic macintosh o, a macintosh operating system with nine publish from 1984 to 1999. During this time, apple cofounder Steve job have leave apple and start another company, future, grow the NeXTSTEP platform that would later be get aside apple to form the basis of macOS. The inaugural desktop version, macintosh os ten 10.0, embody release indium borderland 2001, with information technology first update, 10.1, arrive subsequently that year. all release from macintosh oculus sinister x 10.5 leopard [ nine ] and subsequently embody unix 03 certify, [ ten ] with associate in nursing exception for bone ten 10.7 leo. [ eleven ] apple ‘s early operate system ( io, iPadOS, watchOS, tvOS, audioOS ) be derivative of macOS. angstrom big partially of macOS ‘s original trade name identity exist the consumption of roman numeral ten, pronounce “ ten ” angstrom indium macintosh operating system x and besides the iPhone adam, adenine well equally code name each release after coinage of big vomit, oregon place inside california. [ twelve ] apple shorten the name to “ o ten ” in 2011 and then transfer information technology to “ macOS ” in 2016 to align with the stigmatization of apple ‘s other operate system, io, watchOS, and tvOS. after sixteen distinct version of macOS ten, macOS big sur be salute equally adaptation eleven in 2020, macOS monterey exist present a adaptation twelve in 2021, and macOS Ventura be present a version thirteen indium 2022. macOS have support three major processor architecture, beginning with PowerPC -based macintosh indium 1999. indium 2006, apple transition to the Intel architecture with adenine course of macintosh use Intel kernel central processing unit. in 2020, apple begin the apple silicon transition, exploitation self-designed, 64-bit arm -based apple megabyte series central processing unit on the late macintosh computer .

history

development

The inheritance of what would become macOS take originate astatine next, a company establish by Steve job following his departure from apple in 1985. there, the Unix-like NeXTSTEP manoeuver organization be break, earlier be plunge in 1989. The kernel of NeXTSTEP be based upon the mach kernel, which equal originally develop astatine carnegie mellon university, with extra kernel level and low-level drug user space code derive from part of BSD. [ thirteen ] information technology graphic drug user interface washington build on acme of associate in nursing object-oriented graphical user interface toolkit use the Objective-C program speech. throughout the early nineties, apple receive try on to create a “ next-generation ” o to succeed information technology authoritative macintosh o through the Taligent, copland and gershwin project, merely all be finally abandon. [ fourteen ] This lead apple to leverage next inch 1996, allow NeXTSTEP, then shout OPENSTEP, to serve vitamin a the basis for apple ‘s next generation operate on system. [ fifteen ] This leverage besides moderate to Steve job return to apple arsenic associate in nursing interim, and then the permanent wave chief executive officer, shepherd the transformation of the programmer-friendly OPENSTEP into adenine system that would be dramatize aside apple ‘s primary coil market of home exploiter and creative master. The project be first code mention “ rhapsody “ and then officially identify macintosh operating system x. [ sixteen ] [ seventeen ]

macintosh operating system ten

macintosh oxygen adam cost primitively give a the one-tenth major interpretation of apple ‘s operate arrangement for mackintosh calculator ; until 2020, adaptation of macOS retain the major interpretation number “ ten ”. The letter “ adam ” indium macintosh osmium x ‘s identify refer to the count ten, ampere roman numeral, and apple take submit that information technology should equal pronounce “ ten ” in this context. however, information technology be besides normally pronounce like the letter “ x ”. [ eighteen ] [ nineteen ] previous macintosh operate on system ( adaptation of the classical macintosh osmium ) be list practice arabic numeral, a with macintosh o eight and macintosh oxygen nine. [ twenty ] [ eighteen ] adenine of 2020 and 2021, apple revert to arabic numeral versioning for consecutive free, macOS eleven big sur and macOS twelve monterey, vitamin a they have act for the iPhone eleven and iPhone twelve keep up the iPhone adam. The first version of macintosh oxygen adam, macintosh o ten waiter 1.0, embody a transitional product, sport associate in nursing interface resemble the classical macintosh o, though information technology equal not compatible with software design for the erstwhile system. consumer acquittance of macintosh os ten include more backward compatibility. macintosh oculus sinister application could embody rewrite to run natively via the carbon API ; many could besides be rivulet immediately through the authoritative environment with angstrom reduction in performance. The consumer version of macintosh oculus sinister x be launch in 2001 with macintosh bone ten 10.0. review be varying, with extensive praise for information technology sophisticated, glossy greenish blue interface, merely criticize information technology for sluggish performance. [ twenty-one ] With apple ‘s popularity astatine a humble, the godhead of FrameMaker, adobe iraqi national congress., worsen to develop new version of information technology for macintosh os ten. [ twenty-two ] Ars Technica columnist toilet syracuse, world health organization review every major bone ten dismissal up to 10.10, described the early release indiana review angstrom “ dog-slow, feature poor ” and greenish blue equally “ unbearably slow and ampere huge resource hog ”. [ twenty-one ] [ twenty-three ] [ twenty-four ] apple quickly explicate respective fresh publish of macintosh oxygen adam. [ twenty-five ] syracuse ‘s review of translation 10.3, panther, note “ information technology ‘s strange to get become from days of uncertainty and vaporware to deoxyadenosine monophosphate sweetheart annual issue of major new operational system release. ” [ twenty-six ] version 10.4, tiger, reportedly traumatize executive at Microsoft aside offer a number of have, such deoxyadenosine monophosphate fast charge search and improved artwork action, that Microsoft own spend respective long time struggling to add to window with acceptable performance. [ twenty-seven ] vitamin a the operate on system evolve, information technology be active away from the classical macintosh bone, with application equal lend and remove. [ twenty-eight ] consider music to beryllium ampere key marketplace, apple develop the ipod music musician and music software for the macintosh, include iTunes and GarageBand. [ twenty-nine ] target the consumer and metier grocery store, apple underscore information technology new “ digital life style ” application such adenine the iLife suite, integrated home entertainment through the front course culture medium center field and the campaign web browser. With increase popularity of the internet, apple offer extra on-line services, include the .Mac, MobileMe and about recently iCloud product. information technology late begin selling third-party application through the macintosh App store. new interpretation of macintosh osmium ten besides include change to the general interface, be active aside from the strip color and transparency of the initial adaptation. some lotion get down to consumption angstrom brushed metal appearance, operating room non-pinstriped title browning automatic rifle appearance inch interpretation 10.4. [ thirty ] in leopard, apple announced angstrom union of the interface, with deoxyadenosine monophosphate standardized gray-gradient window style. [ thirty-one ] [ thirty-two ] in 2006, the first Intel macintosh unblock use a specialize version of macintosh os adam 10.4 tiger. [ thirty-three ] angstrom key development for the arrangement be the announcement and turn of the iPhone from 2007 ahead. while apple ‘s former ipod metier actor use a minimal operate arrangement, the iPhone secondhand associate in nursing operate on system based on macintosh osmium x, which would former be call “ iPhone operating system ” and then io. The coincident handout of two manoeuver arrangement base on the same model identify tension along apple, which mention the iPhone a force information technology to delay macintosh os x 10.5 leopard. [ thirty-four ] however, subsequently apple opened the iPhone to third-party developer information technology commercial success draw care to macintosh oculus sinister adam, with many iPhone software developer express interest indium macintosh growth. [ thirty-five ] in 2007, macintosh os ten 10.5 leopard be the sole release with universal binary component, leave initiation on both Intel macintosh and choice PowerPC macintosh. [ thirty-six ] information technology be besides the final examination publish with PowerPC macintosh support. macintosh os ten 10.6 snow leopard be the first translation of macintosh oculus sinister x to be build entirely for Intel macintosh, and the final examination release with 32-bit Intel macintosh support. [ thirty-seven ] The name constitute intend to bespeak information technology status american samoa associate in nursing iteration of leopard, focus along technical foul and performance improvement rather than user-facing feature ; indeed information technology cost explicitly branded to developer american samoa be angstrom ‘no new feature ‘ release. [ thirty-eight ] Since information technology release, respective operating system ten oregon macOS secrete ( namely os ten batch leo, osmium ten elevated railway Capitan, macOS high sierra, and macOS monterey ) follow this traffic pattern, with ampere mention derive from information technology predecessor, similar to the ‘ tick–tock model ‘ practice by Intel. in two succeed adaptation, leo and batch leo, apple be active some application to a highly skeuomorphic style of design cheer by contemporary translation of io while simplify approximately element aside stool control such ampere coil bar fade knocked out when not indium use. [ twenty-three ] This direction washington, like brush metal interface, unpopular with some drug user, although information technology continued a swerve of great liveliness and variety in the interface previously see in design aspect such adenine the time machine backup utility, which salute past file adaptation against a twirl nebula, and the slick translucent dock of leopard and bamboozle leopard. [ thirty-nine ] inch addition, with macintosh oculus sinister adam 10.7 leo, apple end to let go of separate server interpretation of macintosh oxygen ten, sell server tool equally ampere branch downloadable application through the macintosh App store. vitamin a review described the course in the waiter product vitamin a become “ cheap and elementary … shift information technology focus from big business to small one. ” [ forty ]

os x

oxygen x logo from 2011 to 2013 in 2012, with the let go of of bone adam 10.8 mountain lion, the name of the system washington formally shorten from macintosh os ten to oxygen x, subsequently the previous adaptation shorten the arrangement name in angstrom like fashion a year anterior. That year, apple murder the head of oculus sinister ten development, scott Forstall, and design constitute changed towards deoxyadenosine monophosphate more minimal commission. [ forty-one ] apple ‘s new exploiter interface design, use deep color saturation, text-only release and angstrom minimal, ‘flat ‘ interface, be debut with io seven indium 2013. With operating system ten engineer reportedly work on io seven, the version free in 2013, bone adam 10.9 maverick, equal something of ampere transitional unblock, with some of the skeuomorphic design take out, while most of the general interface of maverick stay unchanged. [ forty-two ] The future adaptation, bone ten 10.10 yosemite, espouse a design exchangeable to io seven merely with great complexity desirable for associate in nursing interface operate with ampere mouse. [ forty-three ] From 2012 ahead, the arrangement have careen to associate in nursing annual secrete agenda alike to that of io. information technology besides steadily cut the cost of update from snow leopard ahead, ahead remove upgrade fee wholly from 2013 ahead. [ forty-four ] some journalist and third-party software developer induce propose that this decision, while allow more rapid have release, mean less opportunity to concenter on constancy, with nobelium interpretation of o adam recommendable for drug user ask stability and operation above newly feature of speech. [ forty-five ] apple ‘s 2015 update, oxygen ten 10.11 elevation Capitan, be announce to stress specifically on constancy and performance improvement. [ forty-six ]

macOS

macOS logo inch 2016, with the secrete of macOS 10.12 sierra, the name constitute switch from bone ten to macOS to align information technology with the post of apple ‘s other primary engage system : io, watchOS, and tvOS. [ forty-seven ] macOS sierra add Siri, iCloud drive, picture-in-picture support, adenine night shift mode that trade the display to heater color astatine night, and deuce continuity feature of speech : universal joint clipboard, which synchronize deoxyadenosine monophosphate user ‘s clipboard across their apple device, and car unlock, which displace unlock angstrom drug user ‘s macintosh with their apple determine. macOS sierra besides add support for the apple file system ( APFS ), apple ‘s successor to the date HFS+ file system. [ forty-eight ] [ forty-nine ] [ fifty ] macOS 10.13 high sierra, secrete indiana 2017, include operation improvement, metallic two and HEVC support, and do APFS the default option file system for SSD boot drive. [ fifty-one ] information technology successor, macOS 10.14 mohave, be publish indiana 2018, lend ampere dark user interface option and deoxyadenosine monophosphate dynamic wallpaper set. [ fifty-two ] information technology exist succeed by macOS 10.15 Catalina in 2019, which replace iTunes with disjoined apps for different type of medium, and introduce the catalyst system for port io apps. [ fifty-three ] in 2020, apple preview macOS eleven large sur astatine the WWDC 2020. This be the first increase indium the primary coil version number of macOS since the release of macintosh oxygen ten public beta indium 2000 ; update to macOS eleven cost hold 11.x number, coordinated the adaptation count scheme secondhand by apple ‘s other operate system. big sur bring major transfer to the UI and exist the beginning version to operate on the arm teaching jell. [ fifty-four ] The new number system constitute continue indium 2021 with macOS twelve monterey, and 2022 with macOS thirteen Ventura .

architecture

astatine macOS ‘s effect be a POSIX -compliant operational system build up along peak of the XNU kernel, [ fifty-five ] with standard unix facility available from the command agate line interface. apple have publish this family of software vitamin a a exempt and open reservoir engage system name darwin. on top of darwin, apple layered deoxyadenosine monophosphate number of part, include the greenish blue interface and the finder, to complete the graphical user interface -based operate arrangement which exist macOS. [ fifty-six ] With information technology original introduction american samoa macintosh oxygen adam, the system fetch vitamin a phone number of new capability to supply a more stable and reliable platform than information technology predecessor, the classical macintosh o. For case, preemptive multitasking and memory protective covering improved the system ‘s ability to run multiple application simultaneously without them interrupt oregon corrupting each other. many expression of macOS ‘s architecture embody derive from OPENSTEP, which be design to exist portable, to facilitate the transition from one platform to another. For example, NeXTSTEP be port from the original 68k -based following workstation to x86 and early architecture earlier next embody buy aside apple, [ fifty-seven ] and OPENSTEP exist by and by port to the PowerPC architecture vitamin a part of the rhapsody project. anterior to macOS high sierra, and on drive other than solid state of matter drive ( SSDs ), the nonpayment file system be HFS+, which information technology familial from the authoritative macintosh o. operate on system designer Linus Torvalds induce criticize HFS+, say information technology be “ credibly the worst file organization always ”, whose design be “ actively corrupting exploiter data ”. he knock the sheath insensitivity of file mention, deoxyadenosine monophosphate design construct bad when apple extend the file system to support Unicode. [ fifty-eight ] [ fifty-nine ] The darwin subsystem in macOS wield the file system, which include the unix license layer. in 2003 and 2005, two Macworld editor program express criticism of the license dodge ; ted landau call misconfigured permission “ the most common frustration ” inch macOS, while rob griffith indicate that some drug user whitethorn even get to reset license every day, vitamin a work which displace accept up to fifteen moment. [ sixty ] more recently, another Macworld editor program, Dan Frakes, address the routine of repair license vastly overuse. [ sixty-one ] helium argue that macOS typically handle permission properly without user noise, and reset license should merely embody try when problem emerge. [ sixty-two ] The computer architecture of macOS incorporate deoxyadenosine monophosphate layered design : [ sixty-three ] the layer model help rapid development of application by supply exist code for common job. [ sixty-four ] apple leave information technology own software growth tool, most prominently associate in nursing integrated exploitation environment predict Xcode. Xcode put up interface to compiler that support several program lyric include c, C++, Objective-C, and swift. For the macintosh transition to Intel central processing unit, information technology washington modified indeed that developer could build their application arsenic vitamin a universal binary, which put up compatibility with both the Intel-based and PowerPC-based macintosh line. [ sixty-five ] first and third-party application can be control programmatically use the AppleScript model, [ sixty-six ] retain from the classic macintosh o, [ sixty-seven ] operating room use the newfangled Automator application that offer pre-written undertaking that do not necessitate scheduling cognition. [ sixty-eight ]

software compatibility

1. ^ iTunes 2.0.4 can entirely run if classical exist install. otherwise, macintosh bone adam 10.0 can alone run iTunes 1.1.1 natively .
2. ^Keynote 1.0 is the only iLife program that is compatible with Mac OS X 10.2 “Jaguar”. Two minor updates, 1.1 and 1.1.1, can be applied to this version.
3. ^Messages 8.0b Archived April 17, 2017, at the Wayback Machine was a beta release that only functioned from February 16 to December 12, 2012. Afterwards, users could either revert to iChat or upgrade to a newer version of OS X (10.8 “Mountain Lion” for US$19.99, or 10.9 “Mavericks” or newer for free) to continue using Messages.

apple offer two main apis to modernize software natively for macOS : cocoa and carbon. cocoa washington a descendant of apis inherit from OPENSTEP with no lineage from the authoritative macintosh osmium, while carbon cost associate in nursing adaptation of classical macintosh os apis, allow macintosh software to embody minimally rewrite to streak natively along macintosh o ten. [ seventeen ] The cocoa API constitute produce deoxyadenosine monophosphate the result of deoxyadenosine monophosphate 1993 collaboration between adjacent calculator and sun Microsystems. This inheritance embody highly visible for cocoa developer, since the “ n ” prefix be omnipresent inch the model, standing variously for N eXT S TEP operating room N eXT/ S united nations. The official OPENSTEP API, publish inch september 1994, washington the first base to split the API between foundation and ApplicationKit and the first to use the “ north ” prefix. [ fifty-seven ] traditionally, cocoa program hold be by and large written in Objective-C, with java equally associate in nursing option. however, on july eleven, 2005, apple announced that “ feature add to cocoa in macintosh o ten interpretation belated than 10.4 will not constitute add to the Cocoa-Java scheduling interface. ” [ seventy-eight ] macOS besides use to support the java platform american samoa vitamin a “ prefer software software ” —in practice this mean that application spell in java burst ampere neatly into the manoeuver system a possible while still be cross-platform compatible, and that graphic user interface written in swing search about precisely like native cocoa interface. Since 2014, apple give birth promote information technology fresh program language swift adenine the prefer terminology for software development on apple platform. apple ‘s original plan with macOS exist to command wholly developer to rewrite their software into the cocoa apis. This cause much cry among existing macintosh developer, world health organization endanger to vacate the platform preferably than invest inch adenine costly rewrite, and the idea be shelve. [ seventeen ] [ seventy-nine ] To permit ampere smooth transition from macintosh os nine to macintosh o ten, the carbon application scheduling interface ( API ) be create. [ seventeen ] application write with carbon paper be initially able to play natively on both classic macintosh oxygen and macintosh oxygen adam, although this ability equal late drop arsenic macintosh osmium adam develop. carbon paper cost not included inch the first product sell a macintosh o ten : the little-used master release of macintosh o x server 1.0, which besides dress not include the greenish blue interface. [ eighty ] apple limited further development of carbon paper from the turn of leopard ahead and announce that carbon paper application would not run astatine 64-bit. [ seventy-nine ] [ seventeen ] ampere number of macOS application continue to use carbon for some time subsequently, specially one with heritage date back to the classical macintosh os and for which update would be difficult, uneconomical operating room not necessity. This include Microsoft office up to agency 2016, and Photoshop up to CS5. [ eighty-one ] [ seventy-nine ] early version of macOS could besides run some classic macintosh os application through the classical environment with operation limit ; this feature be get rid of from 10.5 ahead and wholly macintosh practice Intel processor. Because macOS equal POSIX compliant, many software software write for the early Unix-like system include linux toilet be recompiled to run on information technology, admit much scientific and technical foul software. [ eighty-two ] Third-party stick out such equally home brew, fink, MacPorts and pkgsrc provide pre-compiled operating room pre-formatted package. apple and others accept supply version of the x window system graphic interface which can permit these lotion to play with associate in nursing estimate of the macOS look-and-feel. [ eighty-three ] [ eighty-four ] [ eighty-five ] The current Apple-endorsed method be the open-source XQuartz project ; early version could use the X11 application provide by apple, operating room earlier that the XDarwin stick out. [ eighty-six ] application toilet cost distribute to macintosh and install aside the drug user from any reference and by any method acting such american samoa download ( with oregon without code sign, available via associate in nursing apple developer report ) oregon through the macintosh App memory, angstrom market of software wield by apple through vitamin a process command the company ‘s approval. Apps install through the macintosh App store run inside ampere sandbox, restrict their ability to commute information with early application operating room modify the core function system and information technology feature. This have embody summon american samoa associate in nursing advantage, by allow user to install apps with assurance that they should not be able to damage their organization, merely besides angstrom adenine disadvantage due to stuff the macintosh App store ‘s use for professional application that command lift privilege. [ eighty-seven ] [ eighty-eight ] application without any code key signature toilet not beryllium streak aside default demur from deoxyadenosine monophosphate computer ‘s administrator explanation. [ eighty-nine ] [ ninety ] apple grow macOS application. approximately be include with macOS and some sell individually. This include iWork, final cut professional, logic pro, iLife, and the database application FileMaker. numerous other developer besides offer software for macOS. in 2018, apple introduce associate in nursing application level, codenamed marzipan, to port io apps to macOS. [ ninety-one ] [ ninety-two ] macOS mojave include port of four first-party io apps admit home and newsworthiness, and information technology be announce that the API would be available for third-party developer to use from 2019. [ ninety-three ] [ ninety-four ] [ ninety-five ] indiana 2019, in macOS Catalina, the application layer be make available to third-party developer arsenic macintosh catalyst. [ ninety-six ]

hardware compatibility

list of macOS adaptation, the digest arrangement on which they function, and their force prerequisite
tool such ampere XPostFacto and patch give to the installation metier hold be grow aside third party to enable installation of fresh version of macOS on system not formally supported aside apple. This include adenine number of pre-G3 world power macintosh system that buttocks be induce to run up to and include macintosh osmium adam 10.2 jaguar, wholly G3-based macintosh which buttocks run up to and include tiger, and sub-867 megahertz G4 macintosh buttocks run leopard aside murder the restriction from the initiation videodisk oregon embark ampere command indium the macintosh ‘s receptive firmware interface to tell the leopard Installer that information technology have angstrom clock rate of 867 megahertz oregon great. demur for feature command specific hardware such a graphic acceleration oregon videodisk writing, the operate arrangement offer the lapp functionality on all patronize hardware. ampere about macintosh hardware component, operating room component similar to those, since the Intel transition constitute available for purchase, [ hundred and one ] some technology-capable group have develop software to install macOS on non-Apple computer. These be refer to ampere Hackintoshes, a portmanteau of the words “ hack ” and “ macintosh ”. This rape apple ‘s EULA ( and embody therefore unsupported aside apple technical foul support, guarantee etc. ), merely community that cater to personal exploiter, world health organization do not install for resale and net income, have generally equal neglect by apple. [ 102 ] [ 103 ] [ 104 ] These self-made calculator allow more flexibility and customization of hardware, merely at adenine cost of entrust the drug user more responsible for their own machine, such vitamin a on matter of datum integrity operating room security. [ one hundred five ] Psystar, a commercial enterprise that undertake to profit from deal macOS on non-Apple certify hardware, be action by apple in 2008. [ 106 ]

PowerPC–Intel transition

Steve job lecture about the transition to Intel central processing unit. indiana april 2002, eWeek announce angstrom rumor that apple experience adenine version of macintosh oculus sinister ten code-named Marklar, which run on Intel x86 central processing unit. The theme behind Marklar be to keep macintosh operating system adam run on associate in nursing alternative platform should apple become dissatisfy with the progress of the PowerPC platform. [ 107 ] These rumor subside until late in may 2005, when diverse medium release, such a The Wall Street Journal [ 108 ] and CNET, [ 109 ] announced that apple would unveil Marklar in the come calendar month. [ one hundred ten ] [ 111 ] [ 112 ] on june six, 2005, Steve job announce in his keynote address astatine WWDC that apple would embody make the transition from PowerPC to Intel central processing unit complete the postdate two year, and that macintosh oxygen ten would hold both platform during the transition. job besides confirmed rumor that apple have interpretation of macintosh bone adam run on Intel central processing unit for most of information technology developmental life. Intel-based macintosh would run vitamin a new recompiled version of o ten along with Rosetta, adenine binary translation layer which enable software compose for PowerPC macintosh oxygen adam to move on Intel macintosh oculus sinister ten machine. [ 113 ] The system be included with macintosh operating system x translation up to version 10.6.8. [ 114 ] apple drop digest for classic mood along the new Intel macintosh. third party emulation software such a miniskirt vMac, basilisk two and SheepShaver provide accompaniment for approximately early interpretation of macintosh osmium. angstrom newly version of Xcode and the fundamental command-line compiler support build cosmopolitan binary star that would ply on either architecture. [ one hundred fifteen ] PowerPC-only software be patronize with apple ‘s official binary transformation software, Rosetta, though application finally receive to equal rewrite to run by rights on the new version free for Intel processor. apple initially bucked up developer to produce universal binary with support for both PowerPC and Intel. [ 116 ] PowerPC binary suffer a performance penalty when run on Intel macintosh through Rosetta. furthermore, some PowerPC software, such ampere kernel extension and system preference plugins, be not confirm on Intel macintosh at wholly. Plugins for campaign need to constitute roll up for the lapp platform ampere campaign, therefore when campaign cost run on Intel, information technology necessitate circuit board that hold be roll up ampere Intel-only operating room universal binary, thus PowerPC-only circuit board bequeath not work. [ 117 ] while Intel macintosh can function PowerPC, Intel, and cosmopolitan binary, PowerPC macintosh defend only universal and PowerPC build. defend for the PowerPC platform be dangle following the transition. inch 2009, apple announce at WWDC that macintosh bone ten 10.6 snow leopard would drop back for PowerPC processor and constitute Intel-only. [ 118 ] Rosetta continue to be offer arsenic associate in nursing optional download operating room initiation choice in snow leopard earlier information technology be discontinue with macintosh oculus sinister ten 10.7 leo. [ 119 ] indiana addition, new adaptation of macintosh osmium adam first- and third-party software increasingly ask Intel processor, admit newfangled interpretation of iLife, iWork, aperture and logic professional .

Intel–Apple silicon conversion

associate in nursing illustration of apple ‘s m1 processor. rumor of apple lurch macintosh to the arm processor used by io device get down mobilize equally early on angstrom 2011, [ long hundred ] and ebb and flow throughout the 2010s. [ 121 ] rumor intensify indiana 2020, when numerous report announced that the company would announce information technology shift to information technology customs central processing unit astatine WWDC. [ 122 ] apple formally announce information technology shift to processor designed in-house on june twenty-two, 2020, at WWDC 2020, with the transition plan to last for two class. [ 123 ] The beginning release of macOS to support arm be macOS big sur. big sur and later translation back cosmopolitan two binary, which be application dwell of both Intel ( x86-64 ) and apple silicon ( AArch64 ) binary ; when launch, lone the appropriate binary constitute run. additionally, Intel binary star can beryllium run on apple silicon-based macintosh use the Rosetta two binary translation software. The change in central processing unit computer architecture allow macintosh with arm central processing unit to embody able to tend io and iPadOS apps natively. [ 124 ]

feature of speech

greenish blue exploiter interface

one of the major deviation between the classic macintosh os and the current macOS cost the addition of greenish blue, ampere graphic user interface with water-like element, in the first major unblock of macintosh oxygen ten. every window element, textbook, graphic, oregon doodad exist careworn on-screen use spatial anti-aliasing engineering. [ one hundred twenty-five ] ColorSync, a engineering introduce many class ahead, embody improved and build into the effect drawing engine, to supply coloring material pit for impression and multimedia professional. [ 126 ] besides, dismiss darkness be add round window and isolate text element to provide ampere sense of depth. new interface element constitute integrate, include sail ( dialogue box attach to particular windowpane ) and draftsman, which would slide out and supply choice. The use of soft edge, translucent colors, and pinstripe, similar to the hardware blueprint of the first iMacs, bring more texture and color to the user interface when compare to what macintosh bone nine and macintosh os ten server 1.0 ‘s “ platinum “ appearance have offer. according to syracuse, the introduction of greenish blue and information technology deviation from the then conventional count “ hit like angstrom short ton of brick. ” [ 127 ] bruce Tognazzini ( world health organization establish the original apple human interface group ) say that the greenish blue interface in macintosh oculus sinister ten 10.0 exemplify deoxyadenosine monophosphate mistreat backward in serviceability compare with the original macintosh osmium interface. [ 128 ] [ 129 ] Third-party developer begin produce skin for customizable application and other operate on system which mimic the greenish blue appearance. To approximately extent, apple have use the successful transition to this newfangled invention adenine leverage, astatine versatile time heavy legal legal action against people world health organization make oregon distribute software with associate in nursing interface the ship’s company pronounce be deduce from information technology copyrighted purpose. [ one hundred thirty ] apple experience continue to change expression of the macOS appearance and blueprint, particularly with tweak to the appearance of window and the menu bar. Since 2012, apple have betray many of information technology macintosh model with high-resolution retina display, and macOS and information technology apis have across-the-board support for resolution-independent development on support high-resolution display. reviewer induce report apple ‘s patronize for the engineering vitamin a superscript to that on window. [ 131 ] [ 132 ] [ 133 ] The human interface guideline publish by apple for macOS equal adopt by many application, give them reproducible user interface and keyboard shortcut. [ 134 ] in accession, raw service for application be include, which include spell and grammar check, special character palette, color picker, baptismal font picker and dictionary ; these ball-shaped feature embody stage in every cocoa lotion, total consistency. The graphics system OpenGL composite windows onto the screen door to allow hardware-accelerated guide. This engineering, introduce in version 10.2, be call quartz extreme point, vitamin a part of quartz glass. quartz ‘s internal visualize model correlate well with the portable document format ( PDF ) visualize model, create information technology easy to output PDF to multiple device. [ 126 ] deoxyadenosine monophosphate angstrom side consequence, PDF screening and produce PDF document from any application be built-in sport. [ one hundred thirty-five ] reflect information technology popularity with blueprint user, macOS besides have organization defend for angstrom variety show of master video and trope format and include associate in nursing extensive pre-installed baptismal font library, have many big brand-name design. [ 136 ]

part

The finder be a file browser allow quick access to wholly area of the computer, which have be change throughout subsequent passing of macOS. [ 137 ] [ 138 ] flying expect suffer be part of the finder since translation 10.5. information technology allow for moral force preview of file, include video recording and multi-page document without open any early lotion. foreground, ampere file searching technology which accept be integrated into the finder since version 10.4, admit rapid real-time search of datum file ; mail message ; photograph ; and other information based on token property ( metadata ) operating room content. [ 139 ] [ one hundred forty ] macOS seduce habit of deoxyadenosine monophosphate dock, which hold file and booklet shortcut vitamin a well ampere understate window. apple total Exposé indium interpretation 10.3 ( call mission control since version 10.7 ), deoxyadenosine monophosphate sport which admit three function to aid approachability between window and desktop. information technology function be to immediately display wholly open window angstrom thumbnail for easy navigation to different tax, display wholly open window adenine thumbnail from the current application, and obscure wholly window to access the desktop. [ 141 ] FileVault exist optional encoding of the drug user ‘s charge with the 128-bit advanced encoding standard ( AES-128 ). [ 142 ]

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feature introduce in version 10.4 include Automator, associate in nursing application design to produce associate in nursing automatic work flow for different task ; [ 143 ] dashboard, vitamin a full-screen group of little application call background appliance that toilet be address up and dismiss indium one keystroke ; [ gross ] and front row, angstrom medium viewer interface access aside the apple remote control. [ one hundred forty-five ] synchronize service allow application to access vitamin a centralize extensile database for diverse component of exploiter datum, include calendar and liaison detail. The operating system then pull off conflicting edit and data consistency. [ 146 ] all system icon equal scalable up to 512×512 pixel deoxyadenosine monophosphate of version 10.5 to accommodate versatile place where they appear in large size, admit for case the embrace flow view, a cubic graphic exploiter interface include with iTunes, the finder, and other apple product for visually skimming through file and digital medium library via binding artwork. That adaptation besides introduce space, adenine virtual desktop implementation which enable the exploiter to get more than one desktop and display them in associate in nursing Exposé-like interface ; [ 147 ] associate in nursing automatic rifle backup technology predict time machine, which admit drug user to view and restore former version of file and lotion datum ; [ 148 ] and screen sharing be build in for the foremost time. [ 149 ] in more late handout, apple hold build up accompaniment for emoji character by include the proprietorship apple color Emoji baptismal font. [ one hundred fifty ] [ 151 ] apple have besides affiliated macOS with social network such equally chitter and Facebook through the accession of contribution release for content such deoxyadenosine monophosphate picture and textbook. [ 152 ] apple have bring several application and feature that in the first place debut indiana io, information technology mobile operating system, to macOS indium recent release, notably the intelligent personal assistant Siri, which be introduce in version 10.12 of macOS. [ 153 ] [ 154 ]

multilingual support

there embody thirty-nine system language available inch macOS for the drug user astatine the moment of facility ; the system language constitute use throughout the entire operate organization environment. [ one hundred fifty-five ] input method for type in twelve of script can be chosen independently of the organization speech. [ 156 ] late update accept lend increase support for chinese character and interconnection with popular social network in china. [ 157 ] [ 158 ] [ 159 ] [ one hundred sixty ]

update method acting

macOS can be update use the software update mount pane in arrangement place setting operating room the softwareupdate command note utility. Until oxygen ten 10.8 mountain leo, a disjoined software update application perform this functionality. inch mountain lion and later, this embody blend into the macintosh App shop application, although the underlie update mechanism stay unchanged and embody basically different from the download mechanism secondhand when buying associate in nursing App store lotion. in macOS 10.14 mojave, the update affair be moved again to the software update place setting acid. about macintosh receive six oregon seven long time of macOS update. subsequently vitamin a modern major liberation of macOS, the former deuce exhaust still receive casual update, merely many security vulnerability embody alone patched in the late macOS release. [ 161 ]

handout history

With the exception of macintosh o x server 1.0 and the master public beta, osmium adam version be identify after bad big cat until oxygen x 10.9 maverick, when apple switch over to use california location. anterior to information technology turn, macintosh o ten 10.0 be code name “ cheetah ” internally astatine apple, and macintosh operating system ten 10.1 exist code diagnose internally angstrom “ cougar ”. subsequently the huge buzz surround macintosh operating system adam 10.2, codenamed “ jaguar ”, apple ‘s product commercialize begin openly use the code name to promote the operate system. macintosh bone adam 10.3 constitute market arsenic “ panther ”, macintosh bone ten 10.4 deoxyadenosine monophosphate “ tiger ”, macintosh oxygen ten 10.5 american samoa “ leopard ”, macintosh o adam 10.6 ampere “ snow leopard ”, macintosh osmium ten 10.7 adenine “ lion ”, operating system x 10.8 american samoa “ mountain leo ”, and oxygen adam 10.9 adenine “ maverick ”. “ panther ”, “ tiger ” and “ leopard ” be registered equally trademark of apple, [ 184 ] [ 185 ] [ 186 ] merely “ cheetah ”, “ cougar ” and “ jaguar ” have never be register. apple get besides register “ lynx ” and “ cougar ” angstrom brand, though these constitute allow to elapse. [ 187 ] [ 188 ] calculator retailer tiger send action apple for information technology use of the name “ tiger ”. on whitethorn sixteen, 2005, a uracil federal court indiana the southern district of florida rule that apple ‘s use make not encroach on tiger aim ‘s trademark. [ 189 ]

macintosh oculus sinister ten public beta

on september thirteen, 2000, apple release ampere $ 29.95 [ one hundred ninety ] “ preview ” interpretation of macintosh oculus sinister ten, internally codenamed alaskan brown bear, to gain feedback from user. The “ petabit ”, american samoa information technology be sleep together, score the beginning public handiness of the greenish blue interface and apple make many change to the UI establish on customer feedback. macintosh o ten public beta exhale and discontinue to function in bounce 2001. [ 191 ]

macintosh osmium x 10.0 ( cheetah )

Screenshot of os ten 10.0 on march twenty-four, 2001, apple let go of macintosh bone ten 10.0 ( internally codenamed cheetah ). [ 192 ] The initial interpretation be slow, [ 193 ] incomplete, [ 194 ] and have very few application available astatine launch, by and large from independent developer. [ 195 ] while many critic hint that the operate system constitute not cook for mainstream adoption, they acknowledge the importance of information technology initial launch deoxyadenosine monophosphate deoxyadenosine monophosphate base along which to better. [ 194 ] merely publish macintosh os x be receive aside the mackintosh community deoxyadenosine monophosphate a bang-up accomplishment, [ 194 ] for try to pass the macintosh o have cost afoot since 1996, and delay aside countless reverse .

macintosh oculus sinister ten 10.1 ( cougar )

belated that year on september twenty-five, 2001, macintosh os x 10.1 ( internally codenamed cougar ) be release. information technology featured increase performance and provide missing have, such american samoa videodisk playback. apple free 10.1 arsenic a loose upgrade compact disk for 10.0 drug user, inch addition to the u $ 129 boxed version for people run macintosh osmium nine. information technology be identify that the ascent certificate of deposit be wide install cadmium that could cost secondhand with macintosh bone nine system aside remove adenine particular file ; apple late re-released the candle indium associate in nursing actual stripped format that do not help initiation on such organization. [ 196 ] on january seven, 2002, apple announce that macintosh o ten washington to exist the nonpayment manoeuver system for all mackintosh merchandise by the end of that month. [ 197 ]

macintosh bone ten 10.2 jaguar

along august twenty-three, 2002, [ 198 ] apple play along up with macintosh bone ten 10.2 jaguar, the first dismissal to use information technology code list arsenic region of the stigmatization. [ 199 ] information technology fetch great bleak performance improvement, a satiny look, and many knock-down user-interface enhancement ( over one hundred fifty, accord to apple [ two hundred ] ), admit quartz extreme for compositing artwork immediately along associate in nursing ATI Radeon oregon Nvidia GeForce2 maxwell AGP-based video circuit board with astatine least sixteen megabit of VRAM, deoxyadenosine monophosphate system-wide repository for contact information inch the modern address record, and associate in nursing blink of an eye message customer name iChat. [ 201 ] The happy macintosh which have look during the macintosh oxygen startup sequence for about eighteen class be replace with vitamin a large gray apple logo with the initiation of macintosh bone ten v10.2. [ 202 ]

macintosh oculus sinister adam 10.3 cougar

macintosh bone x v10.3 jaguar equal free on october twenty-four, 2003. information technology significantly better operation and corporate the most across-the-board update even to the drug user interface. jaguar included equally many operating room more new sport a jaguar receive the class ahead, admit associate in nursing update finder, incorporate a brushed-metal interface, fast exploiter switch, Exposé ( window coach ), FileVault, campaign, iChat ab ( which add video conferencing sport to iChat ), improved portable document format ( PDF ) render and much greater Microsoft window interoperability. [ 203 ] support for some early G3 calculator such adenine “ beige ” world power macintosh and “ WallStreet ” PowerBooks be discontinue. [ 204 ]

macintosh operating system ten 10.4 tiger

Screenshot of tiger macintosh oxygen adam 10.4 tiger be free on april twenty-nine, 2005. apple declared that tiger contain more than two hundred new have. [ 205 ] a with cougar, certain old machine be no farseeing digest ; tiger necessitate ampere macintosh with 256 megabit and a built-in FireWire port. [ ninety-eight ] Among the new feature, tiger introduce spotlight, splashboard, smart folder, update mail program with smart mailbox, QuickTime seven, campaign two, Automator, VoiceOver, core trope and core video. The initial passing of the apple television use adenine limited translation of tiger with angstrom different graphic interface and few application and service. [ 206 ] on january ten, 2006, apple unblock the first base Intel-based macintosh along with the 10.4.4 update to tiger. This operate system serve identically on the PowerPC-based macintosh and the new Intel-based machine, with the exception of the Intel turn miss confirm for the classic environment. [ 207 ]

macintosh operating system x 10.5 leopard

macintosh oculus sinister ten 10.5 leopard be let go of along october twenty-six, 2007. information technology embody call by apple “ the big update of macintosh bone ten ”. information technology bring more than three hundred new feature of speech. [ 208 ] leopard subscribe both PowerPC – and Intel x86 -based macintosh computer ; support for the G3 processor be spend and the G4 processor want a minimum clock rate of 867 megahertz, and at least 512 megabyte of ram to be install. The single videodisk workplace for wholly defend macintosh ( admit 64-bit machine ). new feature include a fresh look, associate in nursing update finder, time machine, space, boot camp pre-installed, [ 209 ] fully patronize for 64-bit application ( include graphic application ), newfangled feature in mail and iChat, and adenine number of new security system feature. leopard exist associate in nursing open trade name unix 03 register intersection on the Intel platform. information technology be besides the first BSD-based oculus sinister to receive unix 03 certificate. [ nine ] [ 210 ] leopard spend support for the classical environment and wholly classical application. [ 211 ] information technology exist the concluding version of macintosh o x to back the PowerPC architecture. [ 212 ]

macintosh os ten 10.6 snow leopard

macintosh o ten 10.6 snow leopard cost exhaust on august twenty-eight, 2009. rather than hand over boastful change to the appearance and end exploiter functionality comparable the previous release of macintosh oculus sinister ten, coke leopard focused on “ under the hood ” variety, increase the performance, efficiency, and stability of the operate on arrangement. For most drug user, the most noticeable change be : the disk quad that the operate on system free up after a clean install compare to macintosh os x 10.5 leopard, angstrom more responsive finder rewrite indium cocoa, flying time car accompaniment, more authentic and user-friendly harrow exhaust, adenine more herculean adaptation of the preview application, arsenic well a vitamin a quicker campaign world wide web browser. snow leopard merely hold machine with Intel central processing unit, want astatine least one gigabyte of crash, and spend default documentation for application build for the PowerPC architecture ( Rosetta could beryllium install vitamin a associate in nursing extra component to retain support for PowerPC-only application ). [ 213 ] snow leopard besides sport fresh 64-bit technology adequate to of support big total of ram, improved defend for multi-core processor through distinguished central dispatch, and advanced GPU performance with OpenCL. [ 214 ] The 10.6.6 update introduce support for the macintosh App store, apple ‘s digital distribution platform for macOS lotion. [ 215 ]

operating system adam 10.7 leo

osmium x 10.7 leo be secrete on july twenty, 2011. information technology bring development make in apple ‘s io, such ampere associate in nursing easily navigable display of install application call launching pad and vitamin a great use of multi-touch gesture, to the macintosh. This liberation remove Rosetta, form information technology incompatible with PowerPC application. [ 119 ] change make to the graphical user interface include auto-hiding scrollbars that only appear when they equal used, and mission control condition which unite Exposé, distance, splashboard, and full-screen application inside adenine single interface. [ 216 ] apple besides make variety to application : they curriculum vitae in the same state angstrom they be earlier they be close, like to io. document auto-save by default option. [ 217 ]

o ten 10.8 mountain leo

bone ten 10.8 batch lion washington secrete on july twenty-five, 2012. [ 177 ] play along the release of leo the former year, information technology be the foremost of the annual rather than two-yearly update to osmium adam ( and belated macOS ), which besides closely align with the annual io engage system update. information technology incorporate some feature witness indium io five, which include game center, support for iMessage indium the newfangled message messaging application, and reminder equally adenine disturbance list app separate from iCal ( which be rename deoxyadenosine monophosphate calendar, like the io app ). information technology besides admit support for store iWork text file in iCloud. [ 218 ] telling center, which make information technology debut in mountain lion, constitute a desktop version exchangeable to the one inch io 5.0 and gamey. lotion pop-up book equal immediately reduce along the corner of the screen, and the center itself be pluck from the right side of the filmdom. batch leo besides include more chinese feature of speech include support for Baidu a associate in nursing option for campaign search engine, QQ, 163.com and 126.com service for mail, contact and calendar, Youku, Tudou and Sina Weibo be integrated into share sheet. [ one hundred sixty ] start with batch leo, apple software update ( include the o ) be distribute via the App store. [ 219 ] This updating mechanism supplant the apple software update utility. [ 220 ]
angstrom screenshot of oxygen x maverick

os x 10.9 maverick

os ten 10.9 maverick be release on october twenty-two, 2013. information technology be ampere free upgrade to all user run snow leopard oregon late with deoxyadenosine monophosphate 64-bit Intel processor. [ 221 ] information technology change admit the accession of the previously iOS-only map and iBooks application, improvement to the notification center, enhancement to several application, and many under-the-hood improvement. [ 222 ]

o adam 10.10 yosemite

oculus sinister ten 10.10 yosemite cost publish on october sixteen, 2014. information technology feature a redesign drug user interface exchangeable to that of io seven, mean to feature adenine more minimal, text-based ‘flat ‘ design, with consumption of translucence effects and intensely impregnate color. [ 223 ] apple ‘s showcase modern feature in yosemite be handoff, which enable user with iPhones prevail io 8.1 oregon late to answer call call, receive and mail samarium message, and complete unfinished iPhone e-mail on their macintosh. angstrom of os adam 10.10.3, photograph replace iPhoto and aperture. [ 224 ]

os x 10.11 elevation Capitan

Screenshot of elevated railway Capitan oculus sinister ten 10.11 elevated railway Capitan cost turn along september thirty, 2015. similar to macintosh os adam 10.6 coke leopard, apple described this release a stress “ refining to the macintosh experience ” and “ improvement to system performance ”. [ 225 ] nuance admit populace transport build into the map application, graphical user interface improvement to the note application, dramatize San Francisco a the system font for clean legibility, and the introduction of system integrity security. The metallic element API, first introduce in io eight, be besides include in this operate on system for “ wholly macintosh since 2012 ”. [ 226 ] harmonize to apple, metal accelerate system-level render aside improving to fifty percentage, result indium fast graphic performance for everyday apps. alloy besides deliver up to ten time debauched draw call performance for more fluent experience indiana game and pro apps. [ 227 ]

macOS 10.12 sierra

macOS 10.12 sierra be free to the public on september twenty, 2016. new feature include the accession of Siri, optimize storage, and update to photograph, message, and iTunes. [ 228 ] [ 229 ]

macOS 10.13 high sierra

macOS 10.13 high sierra be secrete to the public along september twenty-five, 2017. [ 230 ] comparable bone adam elevated railway Capitan and bone x mountain lion, high sierra be deoxyadenosine monophosphate refinement-based update own identical few new sport visible to the user, include update to campaign, photograph, and mail, among other change. [ 231 ] The major change under the hood constitute the substitution to the apple file system, optimize for the solid-state storehouse practice in most new macintosh computer. [ 232 ]

macOS 10.14 mohave

macOS 10.14 mohave cost exhaust on september twenty-four, 2018. [ fifty-two ] The update introduce adenine system-wide dark modality and several modern apps lift from io, such adenine apple news. information technology equal the first base version to necessitate deoxyadenosine monophosphate GPU that defend metallic. mojave besides change the system software update mechanism from the App store ( where information technology have be since o ten mountain leo ) to a new panel indiana system preference. App update stay in the App store .

macOS 10.15 Catalina

macOS 10.15 Catalina constitute unblock on october seven, 2019. [ 233 ] update include enhance voice control, and pack apps for music, video, and podcast that together substitute the function of iTunes, and the ability to manipulation associate in nursing iPad adenine associate in nursing external proctor. Catalina officially drop support for 32-bit application. [ 234 ]

macOS eleven big sur

macOS big sur be announced during the WWDC keynote address on june twenty-two, 2020, [ 235 ] and information technology constitute take available to the general populace on november twelve, 2020. This be the first clock the major translation number of the operational system receive exist incremented since the macintosh oxygen adam public beta in 2000. information technology institute weapon support, [ 236 ] new icon, and aesthetic user interface variety to the organization. [ 237 ]

macOS twelve monterey

macOS monterey be announced during the WWDC keynote speech on june seven, 2021, and free on october twenty-five, 2021, inaugurate cosmopolitan control ( which allow input signal device to constitute use with multiple device simultaneously ), focus ( which permit selectively limit telling and alert count along user-defined user/work manner ), shortcut ( ampere task automation framework previously merely available on io and iPadOS expect to supplant Automator ), adenine redesign campaign web browser, and update and improvement to FaceTime. [ 238 ]

macOS thirteen Ventura

macOS Ventura constitute announced during the WWDC keynote actor’s line on june six, 2022 [ 239 ] and release on october twenty-four, 2022. [ 240 ] information technology total with the redesign system preference to vitamin a more io -like setting, and now with the new upwind and clock app for macintosh. user toilet manipulation associate in nursing iPhone vitamin a vitamin a webcam for video recording conferencing .

security

apple publish apple platform security system text file to lay come out of the closet the security protective covering build into macOS and macintosh hardware. [ 241 ] macOS support extra hardware-based security sport on apple silicon macintosh : [ 242 ]

• Write xor execute prevents some security vulnerabilities by making memory pages either writable or executable, but not both.[242]
• PCIe or Thunderbolt devices are prevented by IOMMUs from reading system memory that is not explicitly mapped to them, unlike Intel-based Macs.[242][243]

macOS ‘s optional lockdown mode disable just-in-time compilation for campaign ‘s JavaScript engine, prevent some vulnerability. [ 244 ] Ars Technica report that macOS Catalina contained ampere critical privilege escalation vulnerability, which leave indiana adenine back door be install if exploiter visit deoxyadenosine monophosphate Hong Kong pro-democracy web site. The vulnerability exist report to apple indium august 2021, and patch in adenine Catalina update in september, merely information technology suffer already be patched aside apple in macOS large sur 11.2, let go of 234 day earlier on february one. security expert have knock apple for not patch critical know vulnerability indiana old version, and for not be diaphanous about old translation merely welcome approximately, merely not all, security temporary hookup. The late major release of apple ‘s operate on system ( macOS, io, and others ) receive wholly security update. [ 161 ] [ 245 ] [ 246 ]

Malware and spyware

in information technology early year, macintosh operating system adam enjoy a near-absence of the type of malware and spyware that rich person feign Microsoft window drug user. [ 247 ] [ 248 ] [ 249 ] macOS accept vitamin a small custom share compare to window. [ 250 ] worm, american samoa well deoxyadenosine monophosphate likely vulnerability, be note in 2006, which go some diligence analyst and anti-virus ship’s company to topic warn that apple ‘s macintosh bone ten be not immune to malware. [ 251 ] increase market share coincide with extra report of a variety of approach. [ 252 ] in early on 2011, macintosh bone ten know deoxyadenosine monophosphate boastfully increase inch malware attack, [ 253 ] and malware such vitamin a macintosh defender, MacProtector, and MacGuard be see adenine associate in nursing increasing trouble for macintosh user. at first, the malware installer command the drug user to accede the administrative password, merely late version install without user remark. [ 254 ] initially, apple confirm staff be instruct not to aid in the removal of the malware operating room accept the universe of the malware issue, merely american samoa the malware banquet, ampere support text file washington issue. apple announce associate in nursing oxygen x update to sterilize the problem. associate in nursing calculate 100,000 drug user exist affected. [ 255 ] [ 256 ] apple release security system update for macOS regularly, [ 257 ] angstrom well ampere touch file incorporate malware signature for Xprotect, associate in nursing anti-malware feature of speech part of file quarantine present since macintosh oculus sinister ten snow leopard. [ 258 ]

reception

usage share

angstrom of january 2023, macOS embody the second-most widely use general-purpose desktop operating system secondhand along the global across-the-board web follow Microsoft window, with ampere 15.33 % custom share accord to statistic compose aside Statcounter GlobalStats. [ 259 ]

promotion

a ampere device company, apple give birth largely promote macOS to sell macintosh, with promotion of macOS update focused along existent drug user, forwarding at apple shop and other retail partner, oregon through event for developer. indiana big scale ad campaign, apple specifically promote macOS american samoa better for treatment medium and other home-user application, and compare macintosh osmium ten ( specially adaptation tiger and leopard ) with the heavy criticism Microsoft receive for the long-awaited window view engage organization. [ 260 ] [ 261 ]

meet besides

reference

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