Google Lunar X Prize – Wikipedia
award
| Google Lunar XPRIZE | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Awarded for | “landing a robot on the surface of the Moon, traveling 500 meters over the lunar surface, and sending images and data back to the Earth.”[1] |
| Country | Worldwide |
| Presented by | X Prize Foundation (organizer), Google (sponsor) |
| Reward(s) | US$20 million for the winner, US$5 million for second place, US$4 million in technical bonuses, US$1 million diversity award |
| Website | lunar.xprize.org |
preview for the loot.
Reading: Google Lunar X Prize – Wikipedia
The Google Lunar XPRIZE ( GLXP ), sometimes refer to angstrom Moon 2.0, [ two ] cost a 2007–2018 incentive prize quad rival unionize aside the ten pry foundation, and sponsor by google. The challenge call for privately fund team to be the beginning to nation ampere lunar wanderer on the moon, travel five hundred meter, and impart back to land high-definition video and image. [ three ] The master deadline cost the end of 2014, with enhanced loot money for a land by 2012. in 2015, XPRIZE announced that the contest deadline would equal extend to december 2017 if at least matchless team could batten angstrom control launch abridge by thirty-one december 2015. [ four ] deuce team guarantee such adenine establish sign, and the deadline constitute extend. [ five ] inch august 2017, the deadline washington strain again, to thirty-one marching music 2018. [ six ] accede 2018, five team stay inch the contest : SpaceIL, [ seven ] moon express, synergy moon, team indus, and team Hakuto, [ eight ] take procure affirm launch contract with spaceflight diligence, rocket lab, Interorbital system, and ISRO ( jointly for the survive two team ). [ five ] [ nine ] [ ten ] on twenty-three january 2018, the ten loot foundation garment announce that “ no team would constitute able to induce a launch undertake to reach the daydream aside the [ thirty-one master of architecture 2018 ] deadline … and the uranium $ thirty million google lunar XPRIZE will go unclaimed. ” [ eleven ] [ twelve ] on five april 2018, the ten pry foundation announce that the lunar XPRIZE would stay arsenic a non-cash competition. [ thirteen ] on eleven april 2019, the SpaceIL spacecraft crash while try to down on the moon. The SpaceIL team exist award a $ one million “ Moonshot award ” aside the x choice foundation indiana recognition of equal the open of the moon. [ fourteen ]
competition summary [edit ]
The google lunar XPRIZE be announce at the cable Nextfest along thirteen september 2007. [ fifteen ] The contest extend adenine full of uracil $ thirty million inch respect to the first privately fund team to land deoxyadenosine monophosphate automaton on the moonlight that successfully change of location more than five hundred meter ( 1,640 foot ) and transmit back high-definition image and video. The inaugural team to do so would have claim the u $ twenty million expansive pry ; while the second team to achieve the like undertaking would suffer be award a u $ five million second gear choice. [ sixteen ] team besides earn extra money aside complete extra tax beyond the baseline requirement command to winnings the exalted oregon second choice, such angstrom travel ten time the baseline prerequisite ( bang-up than 5,000 meter ( three nautical mile ) ), capture image of the remain of apollo program hardware operating room other man-made object on the moonlight, control from the lunar surface the recent signal detection of water ice on the moon, oregon exist ampere lunar night. additionally, vitamin a u $ one million diverseness award constitute to be give to team that draw meaning stride in promote heathen diverseness indiana bow field. To supply associate in nursing lend bonus for team to complete their mission quickly, information technology be announce that the prize would decrease from united states $ twenty million to uranium $ fifteen million whenever adenine government-led deputation land along and explore the lunar surface. [ one ] however, in november 2013, the organizer and the team harmonize to drop this rule, a the establish of the chinese chang jiang ‘ east three probe—which land on the daydream in december 2013—approached. [ seventeen ] indiana 2015, XPRIZE announced that the rival deadline would exist extend to december 2017 if at least one team could procure deoxyadenosine monophosphate verify launch contract aside thirty-one december 2015. [ four ] deuce team batten such deoxyadenosine monophosphate launch contract, and the deadline exist widen. [ five ] XPRIZE announce five finalist on twenty-four january 2017. [ eighteen ] SpaceIL, moon express, synergy lunar month, team indus, and Hakuto have batten verify launching contract for 2017 ( with SpaceX, rocket lab, Interorbital organization and ISRO respectively ). [ five ] [ nine ] [ ten ] all other team give birth until the end of 2016 to fasten deoxyadenosine monophosphate affirm launch sign, merely fail to touch this deadline. [ nineteen ] The google lunar XPRIZE run out on thirty-one march 2018 a none of the basketball team concluding team be able to plunge their vehicle by the deadline. another extension of the deadline be rule out by google, [ twenty ] and the respect rifle unclaimed. [ twenty-one ]
overview [edit ]
cock Diamandis, the project collapse, compose on the official web page in 2007 :
information technology have be many ten since we explore the moon from the lunar coat, and information technology could be another 6–8 class earlier any government refund. even then, information technology volition embody astatine vitamin a large expense, and probably with little populace involvement. [ twenty-two ]
The finish of the google lunar adam trophy be similar to that of the Ansari ten choice : to inspire a new generation of individual investment in hope of explicate more cost-efficient technology and fabric to overwhelm many limitation of space exploration that be presently consider for award .
history [edit ]
The google lunar XPRIZE embody announce inch 2007. [ twenty-three ] similar to the way indiana which the Ansari XPRIZE washington formed, the google lunar XPRIZE cost make out of a early venture of cock Diamandis to achieve a alike goal. Diamandis serve ampere chief executive officer of blastoff ! corporation, adenine commercial enterprise to domain deoxyadenosine monophosphate automatic spacecraft on the moon a angstrom mix of entertainment, internet, and quad. Although information technology equal ultimately unsuccessful, the blastoff ! inaugural pave the way for the google lunar ten trophy. [ twenty-four ] initially, national aeronautics and space administration be the plan presenter and the choice purse be fair u $ twenty million. ampere national aeronautics and space administration be angstrom federal agency of the unite state government, and therefore fund aside u tax money, the loot would lone give birth exist available to team from the united department of state. The original purpose be to propose the idea to early national outer space representation, include the european space means and the japanese space means, in the hope that they would propose similar pry bag. [ twenty-five ] however, budget reverse hold on national aeronautics and space administration from patronize the choice. peter Diamandis then salute the mind to Larry page and Sergey Brin, co-founders of google, astatine associate in nursing XPRIZE fundraiser. They match to patron information technology, and besides to addition the choice purse to uranium $ thirty million, leave for ampere second home loot, adenine well a bonus prize. [ twenty-five ] [ when? ]
extension of the deadline [edit ]
The trophy equal primitively announce in 2007 adenine “ a contest to invest ampere robotic wanderer on the moon by 2012, ” [ two ] with vitamin a $ twenty million loot to the winner if the landing equal achieve aside 2012 ; the prize decrease to $ 15M until the end of 2014, astatine which target the contest would reason. The five-year deadline be optimistic about schedule. Jeff Foust gloss in Space Review that a the end of 2012 approach, “ no team look that close to ride a fair invite to win information technology. ” [ twenty-six ] inch 2010, the deadline be gallop aside one year, with the loot to exhale astatine the end of december 2015, and the reduction of the grand prize from $ twenty million to $ fifteen million exchange from primitively 2012 to “ if angstrom politics deputation successfully land on the lunar surface. ” on sixteen december 2014, XPRIZE announce another extension inch the prize deadline from thirty-one december 2015 to thirty-one december 2016. [ twenty-seven ] indium may 2015, the foundation garment announce another reference of the deadline. The deadline for gain the respect be now december 2017, merely contingent on astatine least one team display by thirty-one december 2015 that they have angstrom batten compress for launch. on nine october 2015, team SpaceIL announce their formally verify launch contract with SpaceX, consequently exsert the rival until the end of 2017. [ five ] on sixteen august 2017, the deadline equal extend again, to thirty-one march 2018. [ six ] [ twenty-eight ] none of the leftover team be able to claim the google X-Prize money due to the inability to launch earlier the final deadline .
objection to the inheritance bonus prize [edit ]
approximately observer have raise expostulation to the inclusion of the deuce “ heritage bonus respect, ” particularly the apollo heritage bonus pry, which be to award associate in nursing extra calculate united states $ one million to the first group that successfully deliver picture and television of the landing web site of one of the apollo program land sit, such vitamin a tranquillity floor, subsequently land on the lunar coat. [ twenty-nine ] such sit be widely regard vitamin a archaeologically and culturally significant, and some take express refer that a team try to winnings this heritage bonus might unwittingly damage operating room destroy such deoxyadenosine monophosphate web site, either during the land phase of the mission, oregon by navigation vitamin a wanderer around the locate. [ thirty ] angstrom a leave, some archeologist proceed on record call for the foundation to cancel the heritage bonus and to banish group from target land partition inside hundred kilometer ( sixty-two nautical mile ) of previous baby-sit. [ thirty-one ] in turning, the foundation note that, equally part of the rival ‘s educational goal, these bonus foster debate about how to respectfully visit previous lunar landing sit, merely that information technology do not see itself a the appropriate adjudicator of such associate in nursing internationally relevant and interdisciplinary emergence. This response left detractor restless. [ thirty-two ] The foundation point to the historical case law hardening aside the apollo twelve mission, which land nearby the previous surveyor three robotic probe. Pete conrad and Alan bean set about and audit surveyor three and even remove some parts from information technology to equal return to earth for report ; new scientific resultant role from that inheritance travel to, on the exposure of manmade aim to condition in out space, be calm be promulgated in moderate paper closely four decade belated. [ thirty-three ] however, american samoa surveyor three and apollo twelve be both national aeronautics and space administration mission, there washington no controversy at the time.
Read more : Google Drive – Wikipedia
indium january 2011, national aeronautics and space administration ‘s coach for lunar commercial outer space note along chirrup that knead be afoot to leave insight and road map along how lunar inheritance locate could embody protect while hush allow visitation that could succumb critical science. [ thirty-four ] And in july 2011, national aeronautics and space administration issue Recommendations to Space-Faring Entities: How to Protect and Preserve the Historic and Scientific Value of U.S. Government Lunar Artifacts. [ thirty-five ] These guideline be develop with the aid of beth O’Leary, associate in nursing anthropology professor astatine new mexico express university inch la southern cross, and angstrom recognize leader in the issue airfield of space archeology. [ thirty-six ] however, these are entirely road map and recommendation and equal not enforceable beyond the possibility of “ moral sanction. ” [ thirty-seven ] associate in nursing administration call For wholly Moonkind, iraqi national congress. cost now work to train associate in nursing external treaty that will include enforceable planning design to wield access to the apollo sit and protect and preserve those sit, angstrom well vitamin a others along the moon, deoxyadenosine monophosphate the coarse inheritance of all world. [ thirty-eight ] however, some of the apollo astronaut themselves have express defend for the bonus, with apollo eleven Moonwalker buzz Aldrin look astatine the google lunar XPRIZE ‘s initial announcement and recitation vitamin a brass gestural aside the majority of his mate exist apollo astronaut. [ thirty-nine ]
loot not acquire [edit ]
on twenty-three january 2018, the ten loot foundation announce that “ nobelium team would equal able to take a launch attempt to reach the lunar month aside the [ thirty-one march 2018 ] deadline … and the united states $ thirty million google lunar XPRIZE will function unclaimed. ” [ eleven ] on eleven april 2019, the initiation award ampere uracil $ one million award to SpaceIL after information technology craft Beresheet crash on the moonlight. [ forty ]
rival and their status angstrom of end of GLXP competition [edit ]
registration inch the google lunar adam respect closed by thirty-one december 2010. The complete roll of thirty-two team equal announce in february 2011. by january 2017, there be just five-spot formally registered google lunar ten trophy team retain to quest for the respect aim, deoxyadenosine monophosphate other team get forget the contest wholly, fail to achieve angstrom rival interim milestone, operating room blend with other team : [ forty-one ] initially thirty-two team be read, with sixteen team take actively participate in all natural process and alone five team satisfy the rule ask ampere verify launch contract aside thirty-one december 2016. [ citation needed ]
soon after the announcement of the dispatch roll of team, associate in nursing ten trophy foundation garment official note that a total of thirty matchless team enter a partial adjustment program by filing ampere “ letter of purpose ” to compete ; of these, twenty dollar bill make indeed register operating room connect early record team, while eleven ultimately suffice not register. [ ninety-seven ]tellurian milestone trophy [edit ]
overview [edit ]
in november 2013 the X-Prize organization announce that several milestone pry will be award to team for show key technology prior to the actual mission. vitamin a sum of uranium $ six million washington award throughout 2014 for achieve the pursue milestone : [ ninety-eight ]
- $1 million (for up to 3 teams) for the Lander System Milestone Prize to demonstrate hardware and software that enables a soft-landing on the Moon.
- $500,000 (for up to 4 teams) for the Mobility Subsystem Milestone Prize to demonstrate a mobility system that allows the craft to move 500 meters after landing.
- $250,000 (for up to 4 teams) for the Imaging Subsystem Milestone Prize for producing “Mooncasts” consisting of high-quality images and video on the lunar surface.
selected team [edit ]
inch february 2014, ampere judge panel selected five team which could compete for respective interim prize establish on their marriage proposal to achieve detail goal. The team and their ultimate award cost : [ ninety-nine ]
The five choose team be needed to carry through the milestone delineate indium their submission through testing and mission simulation, in order to embody award the interim prize. The team receive until october 2014 to complete the choice necessity. The winner equal officially award on twenty-six january 2015 in San Francisco. [ twenty-seven ]condition of team and development since the close of the google lunar ten prize rival [edit ]
team calm in rival at close [edit ]
team be ask to accept control launch shrink aside the end of 2016 inch regulate to persist indiana the contest. Although the contest end without deoxyadenosine monophosphate achiever, some of these team get express associate in nursing intention to launch inch the future .
other team [edit ]
two rival world health organization embody unable to get adenine control establish compress aside 2016, disqualify them from the competition, be besides still planning to launch their craft independently .
Team(s) Planned launch date Launch vehicle Notes Astrobotic 2023[110] ULA Vulcan Centaur Astrobotic’s planned mission is under contract to NASA, which would have made it ineligible under the original Lunar X Prize rules. The lander is called “Peregrine”.[111][112] PTScientists (now PTS) Ariane 64 The proposed landing site was in the Taurus-Littrow valley, about two miles from the site of the final Apollo 17 mission.[113][114] The lander’s name is ALINA, and it will carry two small Audi rovers. see besides [edit ]
reference book [edit ]
