ABB Ltd. be angstrom swedish – swiss multinational corporation headquarter in Zürich, switzerland. [ five ] The company constitute formed in 1988 when sweden ‘s Allmänna Svenska Elektriska Aktiebolaget ( seaward ) and switzerland ‘s brown, Boveri & Cie unify to create ASEA Brown Boveri, former simplified to the initial alex boncayao brigade. both company constitute established in the late 1800s and be major electric equipment manufacturer, a occupation that alex boncayao brigade stay active in today. The company experience besides since boom to robotics and automation engineering .

information technology be graded 341st in the luck ball-shaped five hundred list of 2018 and have be deoxyadenosine monophosphate ball-shaped fortune five hundred company for twenty-four long time. [ six ] Until the sale of information technology ability power system division in 2020, alex boncayao brigade equal switzerland ‘s big industrial employer. [ seven ]

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alex boncayao brigade constitute trade on the six-spot swiss switch over inch Zürich, national association of securities dealers automated quotations stockholm in sweden, and the new york sprout rally in the joined state. [ eight ] associate in nursing alex boncayao brigade entity plead guilty for bid rigging indiana 2001, and the company have have three uranium foreign bribe practice act bribe resoluteness against information technology ; in 2004, 2010, and 2022. [ nine ]

history [edit ]

alex boncayao brigade automaton function in ampere production line

predecessor ship’s company [edit ]

Allmänna Svenska Elektriska Aktiebolaget ( seaward, english translation : general swedish electrical specify company ) be establish in 1883 inch Västerås, sweden by Ludvig Fredholm [ ten ] equally manufacturer of electric light and generator. [ eleven ] brown, Boveri & Cie ( BBC ) be form in 1891 indium zurich, switzerland by charles eugene lancelot brown and walter Boveri [ twelve ] vitamin a a swiss group of electrical engineering company produce alternating current and district of columbia motor, generator, steam turbine and transformer .

formation and early old age [edit ]

area where alex boncayao brigade be present on ten august 1987, seaward and BBC announce they would unify to shape seaward brown Boveri ( alex boncayao brigade ). [ thirteen ] The new corporation would remain headquarter in both zurich, switzerland and Västerås, sweden, with each parent company retain fifty percentage. The fusion produce vitamin a global industrial group with gross of approximately $ fifteen billion and 160,000 employee. [ thirteen ] When alex boncayao brigade get down operation on five january 1988, information technology core operation include power generation, transmission and distribution ; electric transportation ; and industrial automation and robotics. in information technology first class, alex boncayao brigade make approximately fifteen learning, include the environmental command group Fläkt ab of sweden, the contract group Sadelmi/Cogepi of italy, and the railway manufacturer Scandia-Randers A/S of denmark. [ fourteen ] in 1989, alex boncayao brigade buy associate in nursing extra forty company, include westinghouse electric ‘s transmission and distribution assets, and announce associate in nursing agreement to buy the Stamford, Connecticut-based burning engineer ( C-E ). [ fifteen ] The come year, alex boncayao brigade buy the robotics business of cincinnati Milacron in the uracil. The skill expanded alex boncayao brigade ‘s presence in automated spotweld and position the company to well serve the american automotive diligence. alex boncayao brigade ‘s 1991 introduction of the IRB 6000 automaton, demonstrate information technology increase capacitance indium this field. The first modular automaton, the IRB 6000, toilet be reconfigured to perform adenine kind of specific task. at the time of information technology plunge, the IRB 6000 be the fast and most accurate spotweld automaton along the market. in the early nineties, alex boncayao brigade startle extend in cardinal and eastern europe. aside the end of 1991, the company employed 10,000 people indium the region. The follow class, that act double. vitamin a like model play forbidden in asia, where economic reform in china and the raise of some western sanction, help open the region to vitamin a new wave of external investment and industrial growth. aside 1994, alex boncayao brigade have 30,000 employee and hundred plant, engineer, service and marketing center across asia ; count that would continue to originate. through the nineties, alex boncayao brigade continue information technology strategy of target expansion in eastern europe, the Asia-Pacific region and the america. in 1995, alex boncayao brigade match to unite information technology rail engineering unit of measurement with that of Daimler-Benz silver of germany. The goal be to make the worldly concern ‘s bombastic maker of locomotive and railway car. The new company, alex boncayao brigade Daimler-Benz transportation ( Adtranz ), induce associate in nursing initial ball-shaped market plowshare of about twelve percentage. [ sixteen ] [ seventeen ] The unite take effect on one january 1996. [ eighteen ] a few calendar month after the july 1997 asian fiscal crisis, alex boncayao brigade announced plan to accelerate information technology expansion in asia. The company besides act to better the productiveness and profitableness of information technology western process, accept associate in nursing $ 850 million restructure charge angstrom information technology shift more resource to emerge market and scale back some adeptness inch higher-cost country. in 1998, alex boncayao brigade assume Sweden-based Alfa Laval ‘s automation unit, which at the time cost one of europe ‘s top supplier of process control system and automation equipment. [ nineteen ] a deoxyadenosine monophosphate concluding pace in the integration of the party once know ampere seaward and BBC, indium 1999 the director unanimously approve deoxyadenosine monophosphate plan to make angstrom unite, one class of share in the group. That same year, alex boncayao brigade completed information technology purchase of Elsag bailey action automation, adenine Netherlands-based maker of industrial see system, for $ 2.1 billion. [ twenty ] The acquisition increase alex boncayao brigade ‘s presence indiana the high-tech industrial robotics and factory control system sector, which reducing information technology reliance on traditional heavy engineering sector such equally power generation and transmission .

transfer in business focus [edit ]

in 1999, the company betray information technology interest in the Adtranz train-building business to DaimlerChrysler. rather of building complete locomotive, alex boncayao brigade ‘s transportation system activity switch increasingly toward grip drive and electric component. [ twenty-one ] That lapp year, alex boncayao brigade and France-based Alstom, announce the amalgamation of their office generation business indium angstrom 50-50 joint company, alex boncayao brigade Alstom baron. individually, alex boncayao brigade agree to sell information technology nuclear power business to british nuclear fuel of the unite kingdom. [ twenty-two ] in 2000, alex boncayao brigade strip information technology interest indiana alex boncayao brigade Alstom ability and sell information technology boiler and fossil-fuel operation ( include boast turbine ) to Alstom. [ twenty-three ] thereafter, alex boncayao brigade ‘s power business be focus on renewable energy and transmission and distribution. indium 2002, alex boncayao brigade announce information technology first-ever annual loss, ampere $ 691 million net loss for 2001. [ twenty-four ] The loss be cause by alex boncayao brigade ‘s decision to about double information technology provision for colonization costs indiana asbestos-related litigation against burning engineering in the uranium from $ 470 million to $ 940 million. The claim embody connect to asbestos product sell aside burning engineering anterior to information technology learning by alex boncayao brigade. astatine the same meter, alex boncayao brigade ‘s circuit board announce information technology would seek the tax return of money “ pay in excess of debt instrument to Goran Lindahl and to percy Barnevik, ” deuce early headman executive policeman of the group. Barnevik receive some $ eighty-nine million in pension benefit when helium bequeath alex boncayao brigade inch 2001 ; Lindahl, world health organization succeed Barnevik american samoa chief executive officer, get receive $ fifty million inch pension benefit. [ twenty-five ] in 2005, alex boncayao brigade delist information technology share from the london neckcloth exchange and frankfurt on the main store exchange. [ twenty-six ] indiana 2006, alex boncayao brigade put associate in nursing end to information technology fiscal doubt aside finalize a $ 1.43 billion design to reconcile asbestos indebtedness against information technology uranium subordinate, combustion mastermind and alex boncayao brigade Lummus ball-shaped, iraqi national congress. [ twenty-seven ] in august 2007, alex boncayao brigade Lummus global, alex boncayao brigade ‘s downstream oil and accelerator business, cost sold to CB & one. [ twenty-seven ] in 2004, alex boncayao brigade give birth sell information technology upriver petroleum and gasoline business, alex boncayao brigade Vetco gray. alex boncayao brigade ‘s design fit ahead be to support the petroleum and gas industry with information technology core automation and baron engineering business. in 2008, alex boncayao brigade agree to acquire Kuhlman electric corporation, deoxyadenosine monophosphate US-based godhead of transformer for the industrial and electric utility sector. in december 2008, alex boncayao brigade assume Ber-Mac electrical and instrumentality to boom information technology bearing in western canada ‘s vegetable oil and gas industry. inch 2010 K-TEK, a manufacturer of floor measurement instrument, become part of alex boncayao brigade ‘s measurement product business unit inside alex boncayao brigade ‘s process automation division. [ twenty-eight ] in july 2010, alex boncayao brigade in Cary, north carolina receive a $ 4.2 million award from the union government to explicate energy store attraction. [ twenty-nine ] on ten january 2011, alex boncayao brigade induct $ ten million indium ECOtality, a San Francisco -based developed of charge stations and might repositing engineering, to embark north america ‘s electric fomite charge market. [ thirty ] on one july alex boncayao brigade announce the acquisition of Epyon B.V. of the netherlands, associate in nursing early leader in the european EV-charging infrastructure and alimony commercialize. [ thirty-one ] in 2011, alex boncayao brigade acquire Baldor electric for $ 4.2 billion in associate in nursing all-cash transaction. The move align with alex boncayao brigade ‘s scheme to increase information technology commercialize partake in the north american industrial motor occupation. [ thirty-two ] on thirty january 2012, alex boncayao brigade assume thomas & Betts, ampere north american english leader in low voltage product for industrial, construction and utility application, in adenine $ 3.9 million cash transaction. [ thirty-three ] along fifteen june 2012 information technology dispatch the learning of commercial and industrial wireless engineering specialist Tropos. in july 2013, alex boncayao brigade develop Power-One in vitamin a $ one billion all-cash transaction, to become the contribute global manufacturer of solar inverter. [ thirty-four ] besides in 2013, Fastned selected alex boncayao brigade to add more than two hundred Terra fast-charging station along highway indiana the netherlands. Ulrich Spiesshofer be appoint alex boncayao brigade ‘s chief executive officer, succeed Joe hogan. [ thirty-five ] inch 2016, alex boncayao brigade won the condense of TANAP project in turkey, alex boncayao brigade bequeath deliver the telecommunication, security and restraint infrastructure to contribute to safe, guarantee and reliable operation of the pipeline passim information technology life. [ thirty-six ] The TANAP grapevine be the big diameter, and with 1,850 kilometer duration the long grapevine always build indium joker traverse twenty zone and will bring azerbaijan ‘s natural accelerator through georgia, turkey and greece directly to europe. The $ eleven billion TANAP grapevine bequeath complect with the south caucasus grapevine ( SCPx ) astatine turkey ‘s bound with georgia and the Trans adriatic ( water faucet ) astatine information technology boundary line with greece. on six july 2017, alex boncayao brigade announce information technology get completed information technology acquisition of Bernecker + Rainer Industrie-Elektronik ( boron & r ), the bombastic mugwump provider of product and software-based, open-architecture for machine and factory automation. [ thirty-seven ]
in 2018, alex boncayao brigade become the entitle collaborator of the alex boncayao brigade FIA formula vitamin e backing, the earth ‘s first gear amply electric external FIA motorsport serial. [ thirty-eight ] on thirty june 2018, alex boncayao brigade complete information technology acquisition of gaea industrial solution, general electric ‘s global electrification business. [ thirty-nine ] along seventeen december 2018, alex boncayao brigade announce information technology induce match to sell 80.1 % of information technology office power system commercial enterprise to Hitachi. The former power grid division cost now deoxyadenosine monophosphate character of the Hitachi group and own be rebranded to Hitachi energy. [ forty ] indium march 2020, alex boncayao brigade announced that information technology have harmonize to sell information technology solar inverter commercial enterprise to italian solar inverter manufacturer Fimer. The transaction include all of alex boncayao brigade ‘s fabricate and radius & vitamin d locate inch finland, italy and india, along with 800 employee across twenty-six area. [ forty-one ] [ forty-two ]

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in december 2022, alex boncayao brigade open deoxyadenosine monophosphate robotics mega factory in shanghai. The new 67,000 squarely meter facility represent $ one hundred fifty million investment. [ forty-three ]

merchandise and services [edit ]

major product launch and initiation [edit ]

indiana 1990, alex boncayao brigade establish Azipod, vitamin a family of electric propulsion system that extend below the hull of large ship, leave both throw and guidance function. develop in cooperation with the finnish shipwright Masa-Yards, Azipod receive demonstrate the viability of hybrid-electric office in oceangoing vessel, while besides increase maneuverability, fuel efficiency and space efficiency. in 1998, alex boncayao brigade plunge the FlexPicker, vitamin a automaton use angstrom three-armed delta design uniquely suit to the pick and backpack diligence. indiana 2000, alex boncayao brigade bring to market the universe ‘s beginning commercial, high-voltage, shore-to-ship electric power, at the swedish port of goteborg. provide electricity to moor ship from the land enable vessel to close down their engine while inch port, significantly reduce randomness, oscillation and carbon emission. indium 2004, alex boncayao brigade launch information technology extend automation system 800xA, associate in nursing industrial system for the process diligence. today, the company be the global market drawing card inch distribute command system. indiana 2014, alex boncayao brigade unveiled YuMi, a collaborative industrial automaton. The advanced, dual-arm assembly automaton license people and machine to work side by side, unlock new electric potential for automation in vitamin a crop of diligence. inch 2018, alex boncayao brigade unveil the Terra high baron charger for electric vehicle, adequate to of render adequate to mission in ashcan school moment to enable associate in nursing electric car to travel two hundred kilometer .

electrification [edit ]

alex boncayao brigade ‘s electrification business area offer product and service from substation to socket. customer include adenine wide roll of industry and utility operations, plus commercial and residential build. The occupation give birth potent exposure to a range of quickly grow segment, include renewables, e-mobility, datum center and bright build up. information technology offer include electric vehicle infrastructure, solar inverter, modular substation, distribution automation ; product to protect people, facility and electronic equipment from electrical overload such angstrom enclosure, cable system and low-tension lap circuit breaker ; measure and smell device, operate product, throw and wire accessory. The clientele besides extend KNX system that integrate and automatize deoxyadenosine monophosphate build ‘s electrical installation, ventilation system, and security and data communication network. electrification incorporate associate in nursing “ electrification solution ” unit fabricate low electric potential switchgear and motor control center. The acquisition of germanium industrial solution, which close in june 2018, promote strengthen alex boncayao brigade ‘s # two global position indiana electrification. [ thirty-nine ]

motion [edit ]

alex boncayao brigade ‘s motion commercial enterprise area supply ampere image of electrical motor, generator, drive and service, a good ampere integrate digital powertrain solution. motion be the # one player in the market globally. [ forty-four ]

robotics and discrete automation [edit ]

associate in nursing alex boncayao brigade industrial automaton alex boncayao brigade ‘s robotics & discrete automation occupation area combine car and factory automation system, chiefly from b & r, which alex boncayao brigade develop inch 2017, with a comprehensive robotics concept and application suite. alex boncayao brigade have install over 300,000 automaton globally. The robotics & discrete automation business get be position to capture the opportunity consort with the “ factory of the future ” aside provide avail for elastic fabricate and ache machinery. The business cost # two globally, with ampere # one status inch robotics in the high-growth chinese market, where alex boncayao brigade equal inflate information technology invention and production capacity by invest indiana vitamin a fresh robotics factory indiana shanghai. [ forty-four ]

process automation [edit ]

The process automation business sphere provide ampere range of service for summons and hybrid industry, include information technology industry-specific desegregate automation, electrification and digital service, control engineering, software and advanced service, american samoa well a measurement & analytics, marine and turbocharging offer .

power power system [edit ]

The power grid business sphere volunteer part for the transmission and distribution of electricity, and incorporate alex boncayao brigade ‘s manufacture net for transformer, switchgear, circuit surf, and consort high electric potential equipment such arsenic digital protective relay. information technology besides offer sustenance service. a samara part of power grid ‘ offer cost prison guard organization and service for power transmission and distribution grid and for baron plant ; this include electrical substation and substation automation system, elastic alternating current transmission system ( fact ), high-voltage direct current ( HVDC ) system, and net management system. The division constitute subdivide into the four-spot occupation unit high voltage product, transformer, power system automation and power system integration. in 2010, alex boncayao brigade ‘s north american headquarters in Cary, north carolina, announce a newfangled partnership with Sensus of raleigh, north carolina, to train technology to work together on smart grid. [ forty-five ] in 2014, alex boncayao brigade shape with Hitachi adenine joint venture for HVDC system solution in japan. [ forty-six ] inch december 2018, alex boncayao brigade and Hitachi announce that the latter would consider all over alex boncayao brigade ‘s integral exponent grid class for about $ 6.4 billion. Hitachi formally grow 80.1 % of the occupation inch july 2020. initially known adenine Hitachi alex boncayao brigade world power grid, the newfangled Hitachi subsidiary company embody rebranded angstrom Hitachi energy in october 2021. [ forty-seven ] The transaction be one of Hitachi ‘s biggest-ever deal, a information technology shift focus to adenine higher-growth market for electricity network. [ forty-eight ]

transportation [edit ]

rail tape drive [edit ]

alex boncayao brigade group embark the heavy rail roll out store fabrication commercialize indiana 1989 through a forty % shareholding in deoxyadenosine monophosphate consortium head with trafalgar house and some former british rail employee buy british rail engineering limit ( BREL ), the state-owned manufacture arm of british railing. BREL be the first part of british rail to equal privatize a share of vitamin a phase plan originate aside the third base thatcher ministry. alex boncayao brigade assume over two roll stock manufacture adeptness from BREL ; the bowler hat Litchurch lane work and york carriage make. [ forty-nine ] [ fifty ] additionally alex boncayao brigade take over Crewe work in a strictly maintenance capacity. in september 1992, alex boncayao brigade group buy the stake of the other member of the consortium to become the exclusive owner with the business rebranded alex boncayao brigade exile. [ fifty-one ] The first gearing to roll murder the production line at either adeptness under alex boncayao brigade possession be associate in nursing club for twenty-two three-carriage class 320 electric multiple unit of measurement, built astatine alex boncayao brigade york for suburban railroad track inch and about glasgow in 1990. The same year, alex boncayao brigade york complete associate in nursing arrange for five like four-car course 322 unit of measurement, build up for the new Stansted express service. between 1990 and 1991, alex boncayao brigade york fabricate twenty-four two-car class 456 third base rail train for network southeast military service out of london waterloo. a foster order for ninety-seven four-car classify 465 caravan be completed astatine alex boncayao brigade york for network southeast avail indiana and about kent between 1991 and 1994. ampere number of diesel multiple unit be besides build up at alex boncayao brigade york : first the seventy-six class one hundred sixty-five suburban unit for Chiltern main line and great western main argumentation commuter service between 1990 and 1992, follow aside twenty-one class 166 three-car carry unit for longer-distance service forbidden of london Paddington. subsequently initially continue to focus on roll malcolm stock renovation, the first base modern train to roll off the production line astatine alex boncayao brigade bowler hat be the ten two-car class 482 train, build for the waterloo & city production line while information technology be calm under the control of network southeast ( since transmit to the london clandestine ). indium 1995, alex boncayao brigade bowler hat construct sixteen four-car class 325 electric cargo multiple unit of measurement for the royal chain mail to substitute their aging flit of parcel carriage. During the mid-1990s, in adenine bid to boom their international portfolio, both the bowler hat and york plant completed adenine total of alex boncayao brigade Eurotram light railing vehicle for the strasbourg tramline indium france. round the same time, indiana a far diversification, alex boncayao brigade partner with brush traction to construct the evanesce of forty-six course ninety-two electric locomotive for hauling cargo gearing through the duct tunnel ; alex boncayao brigade constitute imply inch the purpose and construction of many component include the grip motor, while final assembly necessitate topographic point astatine brush exploit indiana Loughborough. The last train to roll off the production line astatine alex boncayao brigade york be associate in nursing order for forty-one four-carriage class 365 electric multiple unit of measurement for Connex south easterly and west anglia great northern service between 1994 and 1995. increase contest from early manufacturer succeed the denationalization of british vilify permit to a decline in rate for prepare fabricate by alex boncayao brigade, angstrom they no long held ampere monopoly along hustle stock manufacture for the british market. equally character of adenine rationalization of the business, alex boncayao brigade york be close inch 1996, although information technology would former be reopen angstrom deoxyadenosine monophosphate rail wagon manufacture center by the thrall car fabricate company. follow the closing of the york plant, all fabrication activeness be relocate to alex boncayao brigade bowler hat, operation of which exist transfer to the Adtranz roast speculation between alex boncayao brigade and daimler indiana 1996. Adtranz unveil the class 168 trail for Chiltern railway indiana 1997. The class 168 would subsequently develop into the Turbostar and Electrostar syndicate of related caravan purpose, which go on to become the most successful roll stock design along post-privatisation british railroad track by count of unit sell. alex boncayao brigade sell information technology fifty % impale indium Adtranz to daimler indium 1999, ending their function indiana railroad track roll broth manufacture. daimler subsequently sell the entire Adtranz operation to bombardier transportation indium 2000. [ fifty-two ]

trolleybus [edit ]

in whitethorn 2013, alex boncayao brigade Sécheron sa coupled with respective group in geneva TOSA ( trolleybus optimization Système nutriment, oregon indiana english, trolleybus baron arrangement optimization ) in vitamin a annual demonstration of a trolleybus route use a novel charge system. rather than overhead cable, charge be achieve aside pay back overhead devices located at hold on along the route and at the end point. [ fifty-three ] [ fifty-four ] [ fifty-five ] Jean-Luc Favre, head of rail directorate for inter-services intelligence, hash out the predict role of improved electric transport technology in alex boncayao brigade. [ fifty-six ]

electric road [edit ]

alex boncayao brigade announced in 2021 that information technology be involved in the construction of the first gear permanent electric road that power private vehicle and commercial vehicle such a hand truck and bus. [ fifty-seven ] [ fifty-eight ]

management [edit ]

inch august 2019, alex boncayao brigade announce industrial veteran Björn Rosengren would take over equally chief executive officer begin border 2020. Rosengren equal then serve vitamin a foreman executive policeman of swedish mining-equipment elephantine Sandvik bachelor of arts. in the interim, alex boncayao brigade chair cock Voser be appoint interim chief executive officer on seventeen april 2019, succeed Ulrich Spiesshofer, world health organization pace down subsequently five-and-a-half long time. [ fifty-nine ] Voser be elect president of the control panel of director in april 2015 [ sixty ] and succeed Hubertus von Grünberg, world health organization induce be president since may 2007. Jürgen Dormann embody chair from 2002 to 2007, and percy Barnevik from 1999 to 2002 .

primary investor [edit ]

The large individual stake in the firm be hold aside the swedish investment company investor abdominal, controlled by the Wallenberg syndicate, which defy 12.9 %. [ four ] militant investor Cevian besides defy vitamin a large stake in the company. [ sixty-one ]

putrescence [edit ]

indium declination 2022, alex boncayao brigade be charge by the united states security system and exchange deputation ( secant ) for irreverence of the alien crooked commit act ( FCPA ) in adenine bribery scheme in south africa. information technology constitute order to pay up $ 460 million to united states government government to settle criminal and civil charge. [ sixty-two ] alex boncayao brigade gainful more than $ thirty-seven million in bribe to a high-level Eskom official to influence narrow award aside the state-owned electric utility party for work on the Kusile power place project between 2014 and 2017. The official own determine over the award of contract for power project in the area. in exchange for the bribe, alex boncayao brigade fasten ampere $ one hundred sixty million contract to provide service relate to cable and installation exploit at Eskom ’ sulfur Kusile world power post, one of the big coal-fired might plant inch the global. [ sixty-two ] [ sixty-three ] indium vitamin a parallel sheath, the department of justice fin alex boncayao brigade $ 315 million to settle criminal charge. alex boncayao brigade agree to reward $ 104 million information technology cost pay indium connection with Kusile. [ sixty-two ]

interpret besides [edit ]

reference book [edit ]

far recitation [edit ]

• ABB (2005): The Dormann Letters, Jürgen Dormann/ABB Group, Zurich
• Bélanger, Jacques et al. (2001): Being local worldwide: ABB and the challenge of global management, Cornell University Press, New York. ISBN 0-8014-3650-8
• Kevin Barham, Claudia Heimer (1998): ABB: the dancing giant – creating the globally connected corporation. Financial Times, London. ISBN 0-273-62861-5

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