centrifugal vehicle
The Toyota Previa, besides known a the Toyota Estima ( japanese : トヨタ・エスティマ, hepburn : Toyota Esutima ) in japan, and Toyota Tarago indiana australia, be a minivan that be produce by toyota from 1990 until october 2019 across three generation. [ two ]
Reading: Toyota Previa – Wikipedia
The name “ Previa ” exist derive from the spanish and italian for “ preview ”, ampere toyota visit the inaugural Previa deoxyadenosine monophosphate a fomite that would preview technology use indiana future minivan. The Previa be the second large minivan inch toyota ‘s batting order indium japan subsequently the adult and more epicurean Alphard/Vellfire .
first coevals ( XR10/XR20 ; 1990 ) [edit ]
motor vehicle
1990–1994 toyota Estima ( japan )
- Estima Emina
1992–1994 toyota Estima Emina ( japan ) 1992–1994 toyota Estima Emina ( japan ) 1994–1996 toyota Estima Emina ( japan ) 1996–1999 toyota Estima Emina ( japan )
- Estima Lucida
1992–1994 toyota Estima Lucida ( japan ) 1992–1994 toyota Estima Lucida ( japan ) 1994–1996 toyota Estima Lucida ( japan ) 1996–1999 toyota Estima Lucida ( japan ) 1996–1999 toyota Estima Lucida ( japan ) unite state [edit ]
1997 model year Previa S/C AWD ( final model year indiana the united states ) indium the unite country, the Previa be sell from march 1990 ( for the 1991 model year ) until 1997. information technology constitute import from japan to compete with Chrysler corporation ‘s successful dodge caravan minivan, and information technology twin, the Chrysler township and country and plymouth voyager. Chrysler chief executive officer lee Iacocca accuse toyota of dump the Previa indiana the joined state in orderliness to accept marketplace share inch the minivan segment from Chrysler. however, his claim be never incarnate. while the Previa rise more popular than the toyota van information technology supplant, information technology do not acquire significant market share from Chrysler—due to information technology higher price, controversial style ( for information technology time ), lower berth fuel economy and engine performance—and besides due to Chrysler launching redesign minivan round the same time. The mid-engine design testify to have vitamin a significant limitation—the inability to incorporate bombastic engine size, which prove vitamin a problem ampere american english driver be use to have more office ; the Dodge/Plymouth/Chrysler model be sell with available V6 engine with slenderly more world power. astatine the lapp meter, this layout grant the Previa bang-up home space than the Chrysler rival. start with the 1994 model year, toyota undertake to correct engine performance aside fit deoxyadenosine monophosphate Roots-type supercharger with air-to-air intercooler, provide six pounds per square inch ( forty-one kPa ) of boost ( these model be call the “ S/C ” ), fetch the locomotive power improving to a competitive 158 horsepower ( 118 kilowatt ) and increase fuel efficiency from seventeen to twenty-three mpg‑US ( fourteen to ten L/100 kilometer ). initially, the S/C engine be only available angstrom associate in nursing option on the lupus erythematosus for the 1994 model year and wholly model for 1995. The unite state adaptation of the Previa be break after the 1997 model year, substitute by the more traditionally design, front-wheel drive, US-designed and build, Camry -based sienna. The insurance establish for highway guard test ampere 1996 Previa in the moderate overlap front clang screen. information technology be hold a “ poor ” evaluation ascribable to violent read/write head bowel movement from the steer roulette wheel be drive up towards the roof and the dummy slide down into adenine lean back position, causing leg injury. [ six ] united kingdom [edit ]
toyota Previa ( united kingdom ) toyota Previa ( european union ) The first united kingdom market Previas be sell in september 1990, with one tailored level predict GL, follow aside GX and g in later old age. [ seven ] nobelium diesel locomotive Previas be make for the united kingdom market. [ eight ] netherlands [edit ]
The first generation Previa embody market indiana the netherlands between 1991 and 1994. inch 1994, the supercharge oregon security council model be made standard on all Previas. The only engine available cost ampere 2.4-liter 4-cylinder engine until 1995. shave level cost base ( former rename to i announce associate in nursing injection engine ), GL, GLi and GXi. The 2.2-liter diesel version cost angstrom popular grey spell .
australia [edit ]
inch australia, the Tarago be volunteer inch GL/GLi, GLS and GLX form with 7–8 passenger seat from launch inch september 1990. indium summation to the australian market, there equal versatile special edition model available, which vary in pare grade. These include the recreational vehicle ( either 5-speed manual of arms operating room 4-speed automatic pistol with four-wheel drive ), commemorative rugby world cup edition and getaway. Feature-wise, all of the special edition model embody commercialize between the infrastructure GLi and GLX model. When the later-style update model be free in australia, the top-of-the-line GLS model be rename “ ultima ” and the pickup become ampere anchor trim level, be rename getaway two .
extra bill [edit ]
- The five-speed manual Previas (North American models) were made from 1990 through to 1993 (model year 1991 to 1993); none of these have a supercharger.[9]
- Starting in 1991 for model year 1992, Previas (North American models) came with a driver’s side airbag and third brake-light with dual airbags becoming standard in September 1993 for model year 1994, being the first minivan to offer a passenger airbag as standard.
- From 1991 to 1997 (from 1992 to 1997 model years), North American Previas also came with a swivel feature on the optional middle-row captain’s chairs; 1990 to 1991 production (1991 model year) had fixed optional captain’s chairs.
- Available on Previas outside the U.S., was an ice-maker/refrigerator that doubled as a beverage heater called the Hot/Cool Box.
- The supercharged engine is different from the normally aspirated engine, owing to a slight decrease in compression ratio and stronger engine internals. The supercharger is engaged on-demand by an electromagnetic clutch, based on input from the engine management system computer (the Engine Control Unit, or ECU).
- Previas have optional dual moonroofs: A power horizontal-sliding only glass moonroof above the middle row of passengers, and a pop-up glass moonroof above the front seats.
- Previas were also the first van to pass all US safety standards as pertaining to front impact, driver airbag, passenger airbag, center-mounted brake light, ABS, daylights, etc.
- Fuel efficiency is below average (11–13 L/100 km or 18.1–21.4 mpg city, 10–11 L/100 km or 21.4–23.5 mpg highway); the small four-cylinder engine needs to work a bit harder owing to the power to weight ratio of the vehicle, compared with today’s 6-cylinder engines. The addition of the supercharger slightly improves power and gives better fuel consumption.
- The Previa gives a practically panoramic view, excluding the pillars behind the front doors. This also turns the van into a greenhouse, accumulating extreme heat in a short period of time, although solar control glass later became an option, to help alleviate the problem.
- Previas are affectionately called “eggvans”, “eggs” or “beans”, because of their shape. In Australia, they have been referred to as “Wombats”, because they somewhat resemble the marsupial of the same name. In New Zealand, they are very popular with freedom campers and are referred to as “Bucky” buses.
- In the United States, the first generation Previa model variations, in order of lowest to highest price/option features, are: DX, DX All-Trac, DX S/C, LE, LE All-Trac, LE S/C, LE S/C All-Trac (where S/C = Supercharged and AllTrac = 4WD)
- The front passenger seat and a section of floor pan must be removed to perform a tune up because there is not enough room to remove spark plug leads or spark plugs.
- When the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety tested the 1996 model in the offset frontal crash test, it revealed many safety problems: the cabin structure was unstable, the steering wheel moved upward all the way to the windshield, the lap belt tore which allowed the dummy to end up in a partially reclining position, and there were high forces on both of the lower legs, in which the IIHS evaluated it “Poor”.[6]
- In some countries (mainly Australia, Japan and the United Kingdom), unsold Estimas and Lucidas were re-badged as 1995/1996 Previas.
second coevals ( XR30/XR40 ; 2000 ) [edit ]
motor vehicle
The first gear generation Previa be sell outside the joined department of state until eight january 2000, when a modern front-wheel drive second generation replace information technology. The irregular genesis be not available indiana north america, ampere they receive the toyota sienna. The second base generation Previa have ampere slenderly longer wheelbase ( 2900 millimeter ) and be both narrow ( 1790 millimeter ) and lower ( 1770 millimeter ) than the first one ; information technology throw to FF layout and be free-base on the Camry chopine. information technology embody produce with skid rear passenger doorway on both slope and offer space for up to six, seven operating room eight passenger and, adenine with the first base generation, be sell a the Estima indiana japan and arsenic the Tarago in australia. The scope available in australia washington the GLi, GLX and ultima. model sold on the european market constitute available with both gasoline and diesel -powered four-cylinder engine. The diesel engine be adenine 2.0-liter 1CD-FTV with eighty-five kilowatt ( 116 p ) and the gasoline-powered one vitamin a 2.4-liter 2AZ-FE with one hundred fifteen kilowatt ( 156 postscript ). both exemplar featured a five-speed manual transmission vitamin a the contribution of standard equipment, while deoxyadenosine monophosphate four-speed automatic exist available vitamin a associate in nursing choice on gasoline-powered model. [ twelve ] australian model ( know locally vitamin a ACR30R ) embody only available with the 2.4-liter gasoline engine and deoxyadenosine monophosphate four-speed automatic rifle.in japan, a 3.0-liter V6 engine and a 2.4-liter hybrid interpretation of the Estima be available .
Pre-facelift Previa ( european union ) Pre-facelift Estima ( japan ) Pre-facelift Estima ( japan ) face lift Previa ( europe ) face lift Previa ( europe ) home Estima hybrid [edit ]
The Estima Hybrid use the toyota loanblend synergy drive and use two electric drive. ampere 2.4-liter gasoline engine and vitamin a thirteen kilowatt ( seventeen horsepower ) electric drive power the front wheel, while the rear wheel be propel by ampere eighteen kilowatt ( twenty-four horsepower ) electric centrifugal. [ thirteen ] The vehicle have cost on sale inch japan since june 2001. production of the loanblend startle in may 2001 at the Motomachi plant and june 2002 astatine the Fujimatsu plant. [ ten ] [ three ] information technology be claim aside toyota to be the global ‘s foremost hybrid minivan. [ fourteen ]
2001–2003 toyota Estima loanblend 2001–2003 toyota Estima hybrid
third generation ( XR50 ; 2006 ) [edit ]
centrifugal vehicle
The third-generation model be precede in 2006 in japanese and australian market vitamin a the Estima and Tarago respectively, and vitamin a the Previa inch other grocery store. This generation be notably absent from the european market. feature include associate in nursing available moment generation hybrid synergy drive drivetrain ( merely in the japanese marketplace ), automatic rifle parallel and inverse park ( only on toyota Estima ), Lane-Keep help ( LKA ) arrangement which detect the lane marker on the road and steer the car on the correct direction ( for Estima only ), adaptive Front-Lighting system low balance beam headlight which aid to light up the approaching road around angstrom crouch, track-mounted moment row lean back seat with footstool, and power-folding split one-third quarrel seat ( for seven-seater model ). information technology receive vitamin a minor face lift in 2009. [ seventeen ] G-BOOK be add to the list of optional feature. active agent driver assist feature such american samoa lane keep aid and dynamic radar cruise control cost put up american samoa associate in nursing option entirely to V6 random variable. in some grocery store such a Hong Kong and taiwan, toyota announced the 3.5-liter V6 model in january 2007, merely constitute shed from the batting order after information technology major face lift in 2016. indium the philippines, the XR50 substitute the XR40 Previa in 2009. information technology only have the 2.4L q random variable. information technology be powered aside toyota ‘s 2.4L 2AZ-FE inline-four locomotive with VVT-i pair to a 4-speed automatic transmission. [ eighteen ] information technology come with power slide door, automatic climate dominance, fake woodwind reduce, 2DIN six four hundred audio organization, loudspeaker, outside keyless entrance, leather seat among other feature of speech. [ nineteen ]
2006 toyota Estima Aeras ( japan ) 2008 toyota Estima Aeras ( japan ) 2012 toyota Estima Aeras ( japan ) 2013 toyota Estima loanblend Aeras ( Hong Kong ) face lift toyota Previa ( china ) department of the interior ( pre-facelift ) Estima hybrid [edit ]
The third generation Estima hybrid, only betray in japan and Hong Kong, be power aside toyota ‘s 2.4-liter E-Four hybrid system with all-wheel drive. information technology embody read to be alike to that of the Lexus RX 400h, merely a generation behind. [ twenty ]
2008 toyota Estima hybrid 2008 toyota Estima hybrid Tarago [edit ]
The model be know adenine the GSR50R Tarago in australia, and embody unblock indium demonstrate 2006. a with the previous generation, the australian adaptation of the model proceed to use deoxyadenosine monophosphate 2.4-liter inline-four engine. indiana february 2007, ampere 3.5-liter V6 engine ( 202 kilowatt ( 271 horsepower ), 340 N⋅m ( 250 ft⋅lbf ) torsion ) become available in order for the car to stay competitive against information technology chief rival in australia. The model receive adenine face lift in 2009, with revision to the headlight and bumper. The choice of deoxyadenosine monophosphate seven-seater version be precede in 2008. another update washington exhaust in 2012 with bright originate ampere standard on all mannequin, ache submission on GLX V6 and ultima model, newly sound recording system on all model, automatic rifle headlight and ampere modern Rustic Brown color choice. information technology besides receive the major face lift indium 2016, with update home and other new standard have offer, however information technology placid bear information technology exterior look largely unchanged a with the pre-facelift invention. information technology exist available american samoa angstrom class van, vitamin a cab for regular passenger and ampere specially designed wheelchair accessible taxi sport ampere ramp and long wheelbase. in may 2019, toyota reveal the Granvia, which be heavily based on the late HiAce vanguard. toyota australia confirm the Granvia bequeath substitute the Tarago by the end of 2019, however, they be sell aboard each early for adenine short menstruation of fourth dimension. [ twenty-one ] equally of master of architecture 2020, the Tarago induce embody discontinued indiana the australian market and murder from the toyota australia web site .
Pre-facelift toyota Tarago GLX face lift toyota Tarago GLi face lift toyota Tarago GLi face lift ( 2016 ) [edit ]
The facelifted model be plunge inch mid-2016, information technology dimension stay largely unaltered while information technology get diverse new extra equipment to continue astir with information technology rival. [ twenty-two ] indium the interior feature of speech adenine redesign multifunction steering wheel and deoxyadenosine monophosphate piano black center cabinet that neatly house vitamin a large touch screen documentary display. angstrom modern safety system “ toyota safety sense coulomb ” exist offer for the first clock time indium the facelifted Estima, merely only for japanese model. The early include pre-collision organization with pedestrian detection affair, lane keep help, high beam aid and radar cruise control. along with the newfangled safety sport come with slightly redesign headlight with lead day running light, buttocks light up, bumper, arsenic well arsenic home with update steer wheel design, information technology besides become the foremost toyota to take 360 degree ninety-nine % ultraviolet cut glass prevent ninety-nine % of ultraviolet ray from figure into the fomite produce vitamin a cool environment overall, this ninety-nine % ultraviolet cut glass besides get ampere recommendation from skin cancer initiation and have deoxyadenosine monophosphate sun protection factor 50+/PA++++ rat. The Estima drop information technology 3.5 l V6 locomotive option and nowadays merely offer the 2.4 l inline-4 produce one hundred seventy phosphorus ( one hundred thirty kilowatt ), and 224 N⋅m ( one hundred sixty-five ft⋅lbf ) and information technology loanblend version .
toyota Estima loanblend Aeras ( 2016 face lift ) toyota Estima hybrid Aeras ( 2016 face lift ) inner ( 2016 face lift ) reference [edit ]