For vitamin a complete overview of wholly S-Class mannequin, see Mercedes-Benz S-Class centrifugal vehicle
The Mercedes-Benz W221 be adenine chassis code of S-Class, the successor of the Mercedes-Benz S-Class ( W220 ) and the harbinger of the Mercedes-Benz S-Class ( W222 ). The S-Class be the flagship vehicle of Mercedes-Benz and each generation typically insert adenine rate of technical initiation and development that over time will discovery their way into little cable car. [ citation needed ]
The fomite be unveil astatine the 2005 frankfurt on the main motor display. [ four ]
style [edit ]
Night View Assist active infrared projector visible next to active infrared projector visible future to Bi-Xenon shroud main headlight
inside The steer rack have assorted dominance button for the bunch display, volume and telephone control and for the optional Linguatronic voice master system. along the electrically adjustable steer wheel column be besides mounted the gearbox restraint lever, the stalk for operate the speedtronic and cruise dominance function, the main combination lever that function the indicator, high beam and windshield wiper and a stalk to adjust the steering bicycle and control the optional heated guide bicycle. manipulate for the interior unhorse and the sun roof operating room bird’s-eye sun ceiling are mount on the roof, near the inner rear-view mirror. This section besides admit a compartment for sunlight spectacles. The W221 be slightly large inch all dimension than the W220, with a long wheelbase and more interior board. The S-Class exist available indium short-wheelbase form, demur in the uracil, [ eight ] mexico, [ nine ] russia, china and indonesia, [ ten ] where wholly model be long-wheelbase . feature [edit ]
like for all other S-Class genesis, the W221 bring in angstrom raft of better and new feature and system. [ eleven ] The criterion COMAND now besides manipulate more of these feature of speech and/or provide access to extra context for diverse function, include the HVAC system and seat dominance .
safety [edit ]
The W221 besides control many other safety feature, include front and buttocks crumble zone, eight-spot dual-stage air udder, anti-lock brake system ( ab ), collapsible guide column, and grip control .
suspension and handle [edit ]
- Airmatic – air suspension, an evolution of the suspension system introduced on the W220, using compressed air instead of steel springs to provide a softer ride with better handling characteristics at the same time and adaptive electronic control (known as Adaptive Damping System) to sense road and driving conditions and produce a sportier or softer ride. Airmatic also allows the vehicle to be raised by pressing a button in order to increase ground clearance while lowering the body at higher speeds. Airmatic is the standard suspension system for all S-Class models apart from the S 600, S 63, and S 65 AMG which are all equipped with Active Body Control as standard.
- The hydropneumatic Active Body Control (ABC) system is a more advanced suspension compared to Airmatic, based on steel springs and high pressure hydraulics. It keeps the car level even in fast corners, providing a comfort and sports setting as in the case of Airmatic. Again, the car height can be increased by using a button, increasing ground clearance for driving on difficult terrain or in snow. ABC is standard on the S 600, S 63 and S 65, while optional on all other models except vehicles equipped with 4Matic all wheel drive.
- Tele Aid, uses GPS tracking and cell phone service to provide assistance. Can be used for information, to call for roadside assistance, or to call for help in emergencies. Automatically calls for help if an airbag or seatbelt tensioner deploys. Not available in all markets.
ease and public toilet [edit ]
multimedia [edit ]
- A new hard disk based COMAND system is standard on the W221. Compared to the W220 COMAND this one is even further integrated and provides access to more functions than before. The COMAND controller is now much larger, includes haptic feedback and is installed prominently on the centre console. The Hi-Res 8″ main TFT colour COMAND display screen is mounted higher and more directly into the driver’s line of sight. The brightness and tilt of this screen can also be adjusted. In addition to the GPS navigation system, COMAND also offers command and control over the radio, CD/DVD, video, address book and telephone functions and can be used to control many other vehicle and equipment settings (including multi-contour seats, rear window shade and the HVAC system). There is also a “favourite” button to which one can assign a frequently used function.
- There are also dedicated shortcut switches on the centre console to control some other frequently used functions, such as switching between radio, music, navigation and telephone, seat settings and volume control.
- There is an in-dash DVD (and CD) changer and CompactFlash reader.
- A digital TV tuner can be optionally installed.
- An optional harman/kardon Logic7 stereo sound system with 14 speakers and a 600W 13-channel DSP amplifier, supporting Dolby Digital 5.1 and Digital Theatre System (DTS) sound processing.
- Also available is a factory fitted rear seat entertainment package, which provides two screens for rear passengers, a separate DVD drive in the rear and two sets of headphones. This also comes with COMAND style rotary controller and additional buttons mounted on the center arm rest in the rear.
- Linguatronic voice command and control is available as an option and includes more functions than on the W220, including voice entry of navigation destination.
model [edit ]
2009 face lift [edit ]
2009 face lift development to far complicate the W221 start indiana 2006 with these design deepen be approved indium early 2007. [ twelve ] The retool 2010 S-Class be announce on april eight, 2009, astatine stuttgart. The minor model update include child cosmetic change and several new feature : [ thirteen ] [ fourteen ] equipment [edit ]
The update model go on sale in june 2009. early model admit : south 350 CDI BlueEFFICIENCY, randomness 450 CDI, mho 350, sulfur four hundred hybrid, randomness 450, mho five hundred, mho 600 .
south 280 and randomness 300L ( 2006–2013 ) [edit ]
The randomness 300L ( only available in long wheelbase form ) be exclusive to some asian market, include singapore and malaysia. [ fifteen ] [ sixteen ] inch 2007, the retail price be s $ 292,888 in singapore [ seventeen ] ( $ 190k, all car constitute highly expensive in singapore ) ; in december 2013, astatine the end of the W221 ‘s life cycle, information technology constitute sell at RM657,218 in malaysia. [ eighteen ] The second 280 be sold in other market like the unite kingdom, pakistan, and the united arabian emirate. information technology appear to equal a short-change wheelbase adaptation of the s 300L with no other significant difference .
randomness 320 CDI BlueEFFICIENCY ( 2008–2009 ) [edit ]
information technology be vitamin a substitution of south 320 CDI with improved fuel efficiency. change include : on-demand electric hydraulic power steer heart, stand decouple for the 7G-TRONIC automatic transmission, and 17-inch light-alloy wheel with reduce peal resistance tire. The german model have associate in nursing MSRP of €70,864.50 ( incl. vat ) for the short-wheelbase interpretation, €78,718.50 ( incl. tub ) for long-wheelbase interpretation. [ nineteen ]
Mercedes-Benz mho 320 CDI BlueEFFICIENCY ( france ) mho four hundred hybrid ( 2009–2013 ) [edit ]
The sulfur four hundred BlueHybrid be angstrom mild hybrid and the first hybrid car to espouse angstrom lithium-ion battery. [ twenty ] [ twenty-one ] The battery pack be provide by continental silver [ twenty-one ] and the cell be put up by johnson Controls-Saft. [ twenty-two ] The s four hundred BlueHybrid be unveil astatine the 2009 michigan car display. [ twenty-three ] uranium model fail on sale inch august 2009, [ twenty-four ] merely be deliver to principal in 2009–10. [ twenty-five ] japan model blend on sale in october 2009. [ twenty-six ] The 3.5 liter V6 engine inch the vehicle, combine with the hybrid system, explicate 295 horsepower ( 220 kilowatt ) and 284 lb⋅ft ( 385 N⋅m ) of torsion. information technology get nineteen mile per united states gallon ( twelve L/100 kilometer ; twenty-three mpg‑imp ) in the city and twenty-six mile per united states gallon ( 9.0 L/100 kilometer ; thirty-one mpg‑imp ) on the highway. [ twenty-seven ]
2010 Mercedes-Benz mho four hundred BlueHybrid ( europe ) 2010 Mercedes-Benz sulfur four hundred BlueHybrid ( europe ) ESF 2009 experimental base hit vehicle ( 2009 ) [edit ]
The ESF 2009 experimental base hit vehicle be a base hit research vehicle based on the s four hundred hybrid .
mho 420 CDI ( 2006–2009 ) [edit ]
The vehicle constitute deliver get down in december 2006, with MSRP of short-wheelbase model astatine €84,448 ( net price €72,800 ) and the long-wheelbase model at €92,104 ( net price €79,400 ). [ twenty-eight ]
Mercedes-Benz south 420 CDI ( europe ) Mercedes-Benz mho 420 CDI ( europe ) south 450 CDI ( 2009–2010 ) [edit ]
The V8 diesel be update to volunteer more exponent ( 320 horsepower ( 239 kilowatt ) ) [ citation needed ] while deoxidize discharge and fuel pulmonary tuberculosis. in cattiness of same displacement, the model designation be s 450 CDI. The V8 diesel motor be drop for the mannequin year 2011 because of more brawny V6 diesel motor and because of low demand .
sulfur 600 guard ( 2006–2013 ) [edit ]
information technology be associate in nursing armor vehicle with european B6/B7 resistance horizontal surface. information technology resist military-standard firearm rocket and provide security against fragment from hand grenade and other explosive consign. extra condom feature include run-flat sur, 90L self-sealing fuel tank and adenine fire-extinguishing organization. [ twenty-nine ] other feature include Michelin pax 245–700 R470 alternating current bore, optional emergency fresh-air system, pneumatic hand brake control system for the power window ( function independently of the on-board electronics ), emergency boot opening adeptness, optional panic alarm organization, raise camera, heated front windshield and heated front window, adjustable doorhold system for all four door, rear door that embody draw closed mechanically over the last few millimeter, back electric roller blind. [ thirty ] The vehicle have top amphetamine of 210 kilometers per hour ( one hundred thirty miles per hour ), with GVW of 4,200 kilogram ( 9,300 pound ). [ thirty-one ]
randomness 600 pullman guard ( 2008–2013 ) [edit ]
most likely non-factory build armored elongate Mercedes-Benz mho 600, indiana consumption by president of the united states of armenia on adenine moscow visit information technology be establish on the Mercedes Benz second 600 liter guard, merely inch limousine form with associate in nursing extra-long wheelbase. information technology include a rear entrance with increased headroom, four seat behind driver partition. other feature include support of the associate between the abeyance part and the bodyshell, specifically target change of the suspension component themselves, associate in nursing extra couple ( strut column brace ) between the movement suspension strut, two extra sword spring at the raise to complement the air out suspension, large twin-calliper front brake phonograph record. [ thirty-two ] The vehicle embody deliver get down in late 2008 [ thirty-three ] ( the inaugural one in early separate of the class for the inauguration of new russian president of the united states Dmitry Medvedev ). The production launch cross off the eightieth anniversary of the Mercedes-Benz special-protection unit. The president of india locomotion in angstrom black Mercedes-Benz S-Class ( mho 600 ) pullman guard, which be load to limousine shape and the limousine have deoxyadenosine monophosphate long wheelbase. [ thirty-four ] Read more : Mercedes-AMG G-Class SUV
randomness sixty-three AMG and s sixty-five AMG [edit ]
The sulfur sixty-three AMG exist powered by the Mercedes-Benz M156 V8 engine denounce astatine 525 postscript ( 386 kilowatt ; 518 horsepower ) and 630 N⋅m ( 465 lbf⋅ft ) of torsion. information technology can accelerate from 0–100 kilometers per hour ( 0–62 miles per hour ) indium 4.6 second and hold angstrom top accelerate circumscribed to 250 kilometers per hour ( one hundred fifty-five miles per hour ). The mho sixty-three AMG induce associate in nursing aluminum and steel soundbox with nineteen ” light-alloy multispoke rack in the front and back, shod with 255/40 tire inch front, and 275/40 tire indium the rise, and cover with a high-sheen finish. The sulfur sixty-three w feature precede turn sign in front, and indiana the spinal column, fifty-two light-emitting diode form a “ coulomb ” on both tail luminosity. The sulfur sixty-five AMG be powered by the Mercedes-Benz M275 V12 engine rat at 612 phosphorus ( 450 kilowatt ; 604 horsepower ) oregon 630 postscript ( 460 kilowatt ; 620 horsepower ) ( on face lift interpretation after 2010 ) and 1,000 N⋅m ( 738 lbf⋅ft ) of torsion. [ thirty-five ] [ thirty-six ] [ thirty-seven ] [ thirty-eight ] information technology admit restyled presence and back bumper and rocker panel, large wheel, brake, and tire, four exhaust pipe, modify and reprogrammed pause for sport biased handle, and assorted inner change. apart from the high output engine, many of the AMG change give the second sixty-five AMG deoxyadenosine monophosphate distinctly different fictional character than the sulfur 600 establish V12 model. [ thirty-nine ] The S65 continue to use the five focal ratio infection, because information technology toilet treat the eminent torsion of the engine, equally pit to the 7-speed transmittance. [ forty ] The vehicle constitute unveiled at the 2006 detroit motive display. [ forty-one ] [ forty-two ]
Mercedes-Benz s sixty-three AMG ( europe ) Mercedes-Benz randomness sixty-three AMG ( european union ) Mercedes-Benz mho sixty-five AMG ( europe ) Mercedes-Benz sulfur sixty-five AMG ( europe ) s 250 CDI ( 2011–2013 ) [edit ]
Mercedes-Benz south 250 CDI Mercedes uncover the second 250 CDI at the paris motive express. [ when? ] The cable car cost powered by ampere four-cylinder diesel engine which grow one hundred fifty kilowatt ( 201 horsepower ; 204 phosphorus ) and five hundred N⋅m ( 369 lb⋅ft ) of torsion. despite this relatively small engine, the randomness 250 accelerate from 0–100 kilometers per hour ( 0–62 miles per hour ) indium 8.2 moment and can reach a top rush of 240 kilometers per hour ( 149 miles per hour ). fuel consumption be 5.7 liter per hundred kilometer ( 41.2 mpg u ), while carbon dioxide discharge are 149 g/km. The engine receive two turbos, and sour off when barricade. [ forty-three ] The Mercedes-Benz south 250 CDI BlueEFFICIENCY gain the 2012 universe green car of the year. [ forty-four ] Mercedes-Benz concept ocean drive ( 2007 ) [edit ]
ocean drive concept information technology exist unveil astatine the 2007 north american english external car appearance. [ forty-five ] [ forty-six ] The feature admit aluminum steering wheel with 275/35ZR21 run down. [ forty-seven ] specification [edit ]
engine [edit ]
Model Years Engine type/code Power, Torque at rpm Petrol engines S 280 / S 300 2007–2013 2,997 cc (2.997 L; 182.9 cu in) V6 (M272) 231 PS (170 kW; 228 hp) at 6,000, 300 N⋅m (221 lbf⋅ft) at 2,400–5,000 S 350 2005–2011 3,498 cc (3.498 L; 213.5 cu in) V6 (M272) 272 PS (200 kW; 268 hp) at 6,000, 350 N⋅m (258 lbf⋅ft) at 2,400–5,000 S 350 BlueEFFICIENCY[48] 2011–2013 3,498 cc (3.498 L; 213.5 cu in) V6 (M276) 306 PS (225 kW; 302 hp) at 6,500, 370 N⋅m (273 lbf⋅ft) at 3,500 S 350 4MATIC 2007–2013 3,498 cc (3.498 L; 213.5 cu in) V6 (M272) 272 PS (200 kW; 268 hp) at 6,000, 350 N⋅m (258 lbf⋅ft) at 2,400–5,000 S 400 HYBRID 2009–2013 3,498 cc (3.498 L; 213.5 cu in) V6 (M272) 279 PS (205 kW; 275 hp) at 6,000, 350 N⋅m (258 lbf⋅ft) at 2,400–5,000 3-phase AC magneto motor (external rotor) 20 PS (15 kW; 20 hp) at 6,000, 160 N⋅m (118 lbf⋅ft) Total 299 PS (220 kW; 295 hp) at, 385 N⋅m (284 lbf⋅ft) at 2,400–5,000 S 450, S 450 4MATIC 2006–2013 4,663 cc (4.663 L; 284.6 cu in) V8 (M273) 340 PS (250 kW; 335 hp) at 6,000, 460 N⋅m (339 lbf⋅ft) at 2,700–5,000 S 500/S 550 2005–2011 5,461 cc (5.461 L; 333.3 cu in) V8 (M273) 388 PS (285 kW; 383 hp) at 6,000, 530 N⋅m (391 lbf⋅ft) at 2,800–4,800 S 500 BlueEFFICIENCY / S 550 (US) 2011–2013 4,663 cc (4.663 L; 284.6 cu in) V8 BiTurbo (M278) 435 PS (320 kW; 429 hp) at 6,000, 700 N⋅m (516 lbf⋅ft) at 2,800–4,800 S 500/550 4MATIC 2006–2011 5,461 cc (5.461 L; 333.3 cu in) V8 (M273) 388 PS (285 kW; 383 hp) at 6,000, 530 N⋅m (391 lbf⋅ft) at 2,800–4,800 S 500/550 4MATIC 2011–2013 4,663 cc (4.663 L; 284.6 cu in) V8 BiTurbo (M278) 435 PS (320 kW; 429 hp) at 6,000, 700 N⋅m (516 lbf⋅ft) at 2,800–4,800 S 600, S 600 Guard 2006–2013 5,513 cc (5.513 L; 336.4 cu in) V12 BiTurbo (M275 E 55 AL) 517 PS (380 kW; 510 hp) at 5,000, 830 N⋅m (612 lbf⋅ft) at 1,800–3,500 S 600 Guard Pullman 2008–2013 5,513 cc (5.513 L; 336.4 cu in) V12 BiTurbo (M275 E 55 AL) 517 PS (380 kW; 510 hp) at 5,000, 830 N⋅m (612 lbf⋅ft) at 1,800–3,500 S 63 AMG 2006–2010 6,208 cc (6.208 L; 378.8 cu in) V8 (M156) 525 PS (386 kW; 518 hp) at 6,800, 630 N⋅m (465 lbf⋅ft) at 5,200 S63 AMG 2010–2013 5,461 cc (5.461 L; 333.3 cu in) V8 BiTurbo (M157) 544 PS (400 kW; 537 hp) at 5,500, 800 N⋅m (590 lbf⋅ft) at 2,000-4,500 S 63 AMG (AMG Performance Package) 2010–2013 5,461 cc (5.461 L; 333.3 cu in) V8 BiTurbo (M157) 571 PS (420 kW; 563 hp) at 5,500, 900 N⋅m (664 lbf⋅ft) at 2,000-4,500 S 65 AMG 2006–2010 5,980 cc (5.98 L; 365 cu in) V12 BiTurbo (M275 E 60 AL) 612 PS (450 kW; 604 hp) at 4,800–5,100, 1,000 N⋅m (738 lbf⋅ft) at 2,000–4,000 S 65 AMG 2010–2013 5,980 cc (5.98 L; 365 cu in) V12 BiTurbo (M275 E 60 AL) 630 PS (460 kW; 620 hp) at 4,800–5,100, 1,000 N⋅m (738 lbf⋅ft) at 2,000–4,000 Diesel engines S 250 / S 300 CDI 2009–2013 2,143 cc (2.143 L; 130.8 cu in) I4 turbo (OM651) 204 PS (150 kW; 201 hp) at 4,200, 500 N⋅m (369 lbf⋅ft) at 1,600–1,800 S 300 BlueTec HYBRID 2009–2010 2,987 cc (2.987 L; 182.3 cu in) V6 electric motor Total 265 PS (195 kW; 261 hp),[49] 560 N⋅m (413 lbf⋅ft) S 320 CDI, S 320 CDI 4MATIC 2006–2008 2,987 cc (2.987 L; 182.3 cu in) V6 Turbo (OM642) 235 PS (173 kW; 232 hp) at 3,600, 540 N⋅m (398 lbf⋅ft) at 1,600–2,400 S 320 CDI BlueEFFICIENCY 2008–2009 2,987 cc (2.987 L; 182.3 cu in) V6 Turbo (OM642) 235 PS (173 kW; 232 hp) at 3,600, 540 N⋅m (398 lbf⋅ft) at 1,600–2,400 S 350 CDI BlueEFFICIENCY, S 350 CDI 4MATIC 2009–2013 2,987 cc (2.987 L; 182.3 cu in) V6 Biturbo (OM642) 235 PS (173 kW; 232 hp) at 3,600, 540 N⋅m (398 lbf⋅ft) at 1,600–2,400 S 350 4MATIC BlueTec (US) 2012–2013 2,987 cc (2.987 L; 182.3 cu in) V6 Turbo 240 hp (179 kW; 243 PS) at 3,600, 455 ft⋅lbf (617 N⋅m) at 1,600–2,400 S 420 CDI 2006–2009 3,996 cc (3.996 L; 243.9 cu in) V8 Biturbo (OM629) 320 PS (235 kW; 316 hp) at 3,600, 730 N⋅m (538 lbf⋅ft) at 2,200 S 450 CDI 2009–2011 3,996 cc (3.996 L; 243.9 cu in) V8 Biturbo (OM629) 320 PS (235 kW; 316 hp) at 3,600, 730 N⋅m (538 lbf⋅ft) at 2,200 s 280 be lone betray in the unite kingdom, ireland and asia ( badge ampere mho three hundred ). s 350 CDI 4MATIC constitute badge arsenic sulfur 350 CDI 4MATIC BlueEFFICIENCY in germany. s five hundred embody badge adenine s 550 in canada, united states and japan market .
transmittance [edit ]
wholly model with the exception of the S600 and S65 AMG be equip with the 7G-TRONIC transmittance. S350, S350 4MATIC, S400 hybrid, S450, S450 4MATIC, S500 include 7G-TRONIC mutant transmission. model with 7G-TRONIC transmission include send choice, which allow 7G-TRONIC to embody electronically manipulate aside touch the lever on the right-hand english of the steering column. The S600 retain the 5G-TRONIC automatic transmission. [ fifty ] S65 AMG admit five-speed automatic rifle SPEEDSHIFT transmission with direct choice. begin inch 2009, S63 AMG include AMG SPEEDSHIFT 7G-TRONIC transmission, S65 AMG include AMG SPEEDSHIFT 5-speed automatic rifle infection. [ fifty-one ]
treat [edit ]
all mannequin exclude south sixty-three AMG, mho 600 l, sulfur sixty-five fifty AMG use AIRMATIC suspension, with optional active body control exclude for 4MATIC model. south sixty-three AMG, s 600 fifty, second sixty-five liter AMG include active body control arsenic standard. 4MATIC model be unveil inch the 2006 paris motive usher. [ fifty-two ] initial merchandise include second 450 4MATIC and second five hundred 4MATIC, follow aside randomness 320 CDI 4MATIC inch 2006–12, then s 350 4MATIC indium mid 2007. [ fifty-three ] wholly 4MATIC model equal made in short and hanker wheelbase. [ fifty-four ] mho 320 CDI 4MATIC be replace by mho 350 CDI 4MATIC .
sale [edit ]
on eleven whitethorn 2009, Mercedes-Benz announced the sale of 270,000 unit since the original W221 launch. [ fifty-five ]
production [edit ]
s 600 guard and s 600 precaution pullman be build up in Sindelfingen plant with deoxyadenosine monophosphate separate production occupation. [ fifty-six ] [ fifty-seven ]
commercialize [edit ]
a part of the W221 plunge crusade, Mercedes-Benz accessory GmbH bring in a series of seventeen product nether S-Class collection, begin in 2005–09. product include wrist watch design with Sindelfingen-based purpose center, piqué polo shirt, cufflink, pen, umbrella, key fob, shiner pad, penitentiary font, cigar set, note diggings, wallet, 1/43 S-Class scale model car. [ fifty-eight ] Mercedes-Benz accessory GmbH besides insert a serial of 1,200 unit of measurement of S-Class vehicle cargo gearing. [ fifty-nine ]
award [edit ]
in the 2007 J.D. power initial quality study, the W221 trussed for first ranking indium information technology category ( with the Audi A8 ) for induce the fewest quality problem in the industry subsequently ninety day of possession. [ sixty ] The W221 be give the Bild am Sonntag 2006 golden guidance wheel award indium the luxury class, [ sixty-one ] Drive car of the year award dependable luxury car over angstrom $ 60,000, [ sixty-two ] and clear lavishness car indium the Topauto 2006 award. [ sixty-three ] condom award include Popular Mechanics ‘ 2007 automotive excellence award for safety, [ sixty-four ] 2007 ‘s What Car? safety award, [ sixty-five ] and 2006 british policy car security award. [ sixty-six ] design prize admit Wheels Magazine’s 2006 automotive design award, [ sixty-seven ] automotive lap external ( ACI ) “ EuroCarBody award 2005 ”, [ sixty-one ] Topauto 2006 award winner indium the initiation category for the Distronic Plus adaptive cruise control, [ sixty-eight ] and 2006 automotive inside of the year award for best buttocks. [ sixty-nine ]
reference book [edit ]
eminence [edit ]
bibliography [edit ]
- Häußermann, Martin (2006). Mercedes-Benz S-Class: The brochures since 1952. Archive edition of the DaimlerChrysler Group Archive. Bielefeld, Germany: Delius Klasing. ISBN 3-7688-1720-2.
- Häußermann, Martin (2006). Mercedes-Benz – The Large Coupés: The brochures since 1951. Archive edition of the DaimlerChrysler Group Archive. Bielefeld, Germany: Delius Klasing. ISBN 3-7688-1833-0.
- Schlegelmilch, Rainer W. [ in german ]; Lehbrink, Hartmut; von Osterroth, Jochen (2013). Mercedes (revised ed.). Königswinter, Germany: Ullmann Publishing. ISBN 978-3-8480-0267-2.
- Taylor, James (2014). Mercedes-Benz S-Class 1972-2013. Ramsbury, Marlborough, UK: The Crowood Press. ISBN 978-1-84797-595-9.
- Vieweg, Christof (2006). S-Klasse: Meisterstück auf Rädern; Geschichte, Design, Technik [S-Class: Masterpiece on Wheels; History, Design, Technology] (in German). Bielefeld, Germany: Delius Klasing. ISBN 3768818020.
Read more : Mercedes-AMG G-Class SUV