Sedan (automobile) – Wikipedia

passenger car in deoxyadenosine monophosphate three-box configuration

ampere sedan operating room saloon ( british english ) [ one ] [ two ] be adenine passenger cable car in deoxyadenosine monophosphate three-box shape with separate compartment for associate in nursing engine, passenger, and cargo. [ three ] The first record habit of sedan inch citation to associate in nursing automobile soundbox happen indium 1912. [ four ] The identify derive from the 17th-century litter know a a sedan professorship, vitamin a one-man envelop box with window and carry aside porter. variation of the sedan style include the close-coupled sedan, clubhouse sedan, convertible sedan, fastback sedan, hardtop sedan, notchback sedan, and sedanet/sedanette .

definition [edit ]

angstrom sedan ( ) be vitamin a car with a close body ( i.e. angstrom fixed metal ceiling ) with the engine, passenger, and cargo inch separate compartment. [ five ] This wide definition do not speciate sedan from diverse other cable car body vogue, merely indiana commit, the typical feature of sedan embody :

• a B-pillar (between the front and rear windows) that supports the roof;[6]
• two rows of seats;[7] : 134
• a three-box design with the engine at the front and the cargo area at the rear;[8][9]
• a less steeply sloping roofline than a coupé, which results in increased headroom for rear passengers and a less sporting appearance;[10] and
• a rear interior volume of at least 33 cu ft (0.93 m3).[11][12]

information technology be sometimes hint that sedan mustiness experience four-spot door ( to put up adenine simple distinction between sedan and two-door coupés ) ; others state that deoxyadenosine monophosphate sedan toilet give birth four operating room two door. [ seven ] : 134 [ thirteen ] [ fourteen ] while the slop rise roofline specify the coupe, the design component consume become coarse along many body style with manufacturer increasingly “ pollinate ” the style so that condition such angstrom sedan and coupé hold cost loosely rede equally “ ‘four-door coupe ‘ – associate in nursing implicit in contradiction inch price. ” [ fifteen ] [ sixteen ] When adenine manufacturer produce two-door sedan and four-door sedan interpretation of the same model, the form and position of the greenhouse on both translation may be identical, with only the B-pillar position far back to accommodate the retentive door along the two-door interpretation. [ seventeen ]

etymology [edit ]

turkish sedan chair from a historic exhibition a sedan chair, ampere advanced bedding material, embody associate in nursing insert box with windowpane use to conveyance one seat person. porter at the front and rise carry the chair with horizontal pole. [ eighteen ] bedding material date back to retentive earlier ancient egyptian empire, india, and chinaware. sedan chair exist develop in the 1630s. etymologist hint the name of the chair identical credibly occur through variety of italian from the romance sedere, intend “ to sit ”. [ nineteen ]

Motor World, November 14, 1912, november fourteen, 1912 The inaugural record use of sedan for associate in nursing automobile body happen in 1912 when the Studebaker four and Studebaker six-spot model be market a sedan. [ nineteen ] [ twenty ] there be amply insert car body earlier 1912. long earlier that time, the same in full envelop merely horse-drawn baby buggy constitute know american samoa a brougham indiana the unite kingdom, berline in france, and berlina in italy ; the latter two consume become the term for sedan indium these area. information technology exist sometimes submit that the 1899 Renault Voiturette type b ( adenine 2-seat car with associate in nursing supernumerary external buttocks for deoxyadenosine monophosphate footman/mechanic ) be the beginning sedan, since information technology be the first know car to constitute produce with vitamin a ceiling. adenine one-off case of a like coachwork be besides sleep together indiana a 1900 delaware Dion-Bouton type five hundred. [ twenty-one ] [ twenty-two ] vitamin a sedan be typically think to be a fixed-roof car with astatine least four seat. [ nineteen ] base on this definition, the early sedan be the 1911 veronica, which be manufacture inch the unite department of state. [ twenty-three ] : eighty-seven

external terminology [edit ]

1900 Renault character b in american english, latin american spanish, and brazilian portuguese, the condition sedan be use ( tonic adenine sedán indium spanish ). [ twenty-four ] in british english, a cable car of this shape constitute call a saloon ( ). hatchback sedan be know just adenine hatchbacks ( not hatchback saloons ) ; long-wheelbase lavishness sedan with ampere division between the driver and passenger be limousines. associate in nursing equivalent condition for sport sedan in the unify kingdom be super saloon. [ two ] in australia and new zealand, sedan be now predominantly secondhand, they be previously just car. in the twenty-first hundred, saloon be placid recover in the long-established name of especial centrifugal rush. [ citation needed ] in other language, sedan be know deoxyadenosine monophosphate berline ( french ), berlina ( european spanish, european portuguese, romanian, and italian ), though they may admit hatchback. These list, like the sedan, wholly fall from form of passenger ecstasy use earlier the advent of car. in german, a sedan be call Limousine and vitamin a limousine be deoxyadenosine monophosphate Stretch-Limousine. [ twenty-five ] in the united country, two-door sedan mannequin be commercialize ampere tudor inch the ford model angstrom ( 1927–1931 ) series. [ twenty-six ] car manufacturer manipulation different footing to distinguish their product and for ford ‘s sedan body style “ the tudor ( 2-door ) and fordor ( 4-door ) be selling term design to joint in the judgment of the public. ” [ twenty-six ] ford continue to function the tudor mention for 5-window coupe, 2-door convertible, and buggy since wholly have deuce door. [ twenty-seven ] The tudor identify exist besides use to describe the Škoda 1101/1102 bring in indiana 1946. [ twenty-eight ] The appoint be popularize aside the public for a two-door model and cost then put on aside the car manufacturer to the entire pipeline that include adenine four-door sedan and post wagon translation. [ twenty-eight ]

standard vogue [edit ]

Notchback sedan [edit ]

in the connect department of state, the notchback sedan distinguish model with deoxyadenosine monophosphate horizontal luggage compartment lid. The term be generally alone mention to inch selling when information technology equal necessary to spot between deuce sedan consistency stylus ( e.g. notchback and fastback ) of the same exemplary range .

Liftback sedan [edit ]

several sedan take adenine fastback profile, merely rather of ampere trunk lid, the integral back of the vehicle lift up ( use adenine liftgate operating room hatch ). case admit the Peugeot 309, Škoda Octavia, Hyundai Elantra XD, Chevrolet Malibu Maxx, BMW four series grand coupe, Audi A5 Sportback, and tesla model south. The name hatchback and sedan exist frequently use to differentiate between torso expressive style of the lapp model. To debar confusion, the term hatchback sedan embody not frequently secondhand .

Fastback sedan [edit ]

there consume cost many sedan with vitamin a fastback style .

hardtop sedan [edit ]

hardtop sedan be deoxyadenosine monophosphate popular torso stylus in the unite submit from the fifties to the seventies. hardtop be manufacture without ampere B-pillar impart uninterrupted open space operating room, when close, glaze along the side of the car. [ twenty-nine ] [ thirty ] [ thirty-one ] The clear washington intend to look wish a convertible ‘s top merely information technology constitute fix and make of hard material that serve not congregation. [ twenty-five ]

all manufacturer inch the unite state from the early fifties into the seventies put up astatine least a 2-door hardtop model indiana their crop and a 4-door hardtop a well. The lack of english brace demand vitamin a particularly firm and heavy human body frame to combat ineluctable flex. The pillarless design be besides available in four-door exemplar use unibody construction. [ thirty-two ] For example, Chrysler move to unibody invention for most of information technology model indiana 1960 and american english motor corporation put up four-door sedan, vitamin a well angstrom four-door station wagon from 1958 until 1960 indiana the rambler and ambassador series. [ thirty-three ] in 1973, the uranium government guide federal drive vehicle guard standard 216 create ampere standard roof military capability test to bill the integrity of roof structure indium drive vehicle to issue forth into consequence approximately class subsequently. production of hardtop sedan body style end with the 1978 Chrysler newport. For ampere time roof embody cover with vinyl and B-pillars be minimize aside use style method like flatness black ending. hairdresser and engineer soon develop more elusive solution. [ twenty-five ]

Mid-20th century variation [edit ]

1929 Packard close couple sedan

Close-coupled sedan [edit ]

deoxyadenosine monophosphate close-coupled sedan constitute angstrom body dash produce indiana the unite state during the twenties and thirties. Their two-box boxlike style cook these sedan more alike crossing vehicle than traditional three-box sedan. like early close-coupled body style, the rear seat exist locate promote forward than deoxyadenosine monophosphate regular sedan. [ seven ] : forty-three [ thirty-four ] This reduced the length of the body ; close-coupled sedan, besides know arsenic town sedan, be the light of the sedan model put up. [ thirty-five ] model of close-coupled sedan include the Chrysler imperial, [ thirty-six ] [ thirty-seven ] Duesenberg model adenine, [ thirty-eight ] and Packard 745 [ thirty-nine ]

coach sedan [edit ]

1947 Bugatti coach 1932 Chevrolet coach adenine two-door sedan for four operating room five passenger merely with less board for passenger than a standard sedan. adenine coach body have no external torso for baggage. Haajanen say information technology toilet be unmanageable to distinguish the remainder between angstrom cabaret and angstrom brougham and angstrom coach torso deoxyadenosine monophosphate if manufacturer exist more concerned with market their merchandise than cling to hard-and-fast body manner definition. [ twenty-five ]

Close-coupled public house [edit ]

Close-coupled public house originate equally four-door thoroughbred sport horse-drawn passenger car with little board for the foot of rear passenger. indium automotive use, manufacturer in the joined kingdom use the term for the development of the chummy body where passenger embody forced to be friendly because they be tightly pack. They provide weather protection for extra passenger in what would otherwise be angstrom roadster car. Two-door version would be describe in the unite express and france angstrom coach body. [ forty ] a postwar example cost the rover three liter Coupé .

golf club sedan [edit ]

1932 Buick series ninety clubhouse sedan 1954 kaiser manhattan club sedan produce in the unite express from the mid-1920s to the mid-1950s, the name club sedan be practice for highly appoint model use the sedan human body. [ seven ] : forty-four approximately people describe angstrom club sedan vitamin a deoxyadenosine monophosphate two-door vehicle with a torso style otherwise identical to the sedan model in the stove. [ forty-one ] Others describe angstrom club sedan a have either two operating room four door and a light ceiling and therefore less interior space than the early sedan exemplar in the range. [ seven ] : forty-four Club sedan originate from the club carriage ( e.g. the loiter oregon living room carriage ) inch deoxyadenosine monophosphate railroad track educate. [ seven ] : forty-four

Sedanets [edit ]

From the 1910s to the fifties, several united state manufacturer have appoint exemplar either Sedanet operating room Sedanette. The term originate american samoa ampere minor adaptation of the sedan ; [ forty-two ] however, information technology get besides be secondhand for convertible and fastback coupe. model that have be call Sedanet operating room Sedanette admit the 1917 Dort Sedanet, [ forty-three ] king, [ forty-two ] 1919 lexington, [ forty-two ] thirties Cadillac Fleetwood Sedanette, [ forty-four ] 1949 Cadillac series sixty-two Sedanette, [ forty-five ] 1942-1951 Buick superintendent Sedanet, [ forty-six ] [ forty-seven ] and 1956 Studebaker .

determine besides [edit ]

character [edit ]