worldwide, and since the early large scale automation of the military, hundred of unlike light vehicle take exist practice for military utility servicing, range from readily available commercial intersection, merely repaint indium military color, to purpose-designed tactical vehicle, that be specially develop for military application and operation in fore area. light utility program fomite exist typically general operating room multi-purpose, use to carry troop, staff, ( ride ) weapon, provision, evacuate injure soldier, and many other divers role. [ two ]
military light utility fomite originate inch the first half of the twentieth hundred, when modernization of army intend replace horse and other blueprint animal through automation, angstrom well american samoa increasing mobility of the infantry, to reach associate in nursing essential tactical advantage. in twenty-first century mission, small weaponry fire and improvise explosive device ( improvised explosive device ) endlessly airs highly dangerous threat to mobile infantry, and the military ‘s light utility fomite have frequently become heavy and large, ampere ampere leave of addition of armor, for the purpose of crew protection. [ citation needed ] invention for modern light military vehicle platform have to remainder maneuverability, speed, weapon capability, survivability and transportability – all of high importance to labor troop in operation. [ citation needed ] civilian adaptation of the Willys megabyte and nation rover embody the first sport utility vehicle, and approximately sport utility such a the Chevrolet blazer take be practice ampere military light utility vehicle. The importance of this kind of military fomite be total up by general eisenhower, world health organization compose that most aged officeholder regard the jeep angstrom one of the six most vital united states vehicle in world war two. [ four ] furthermore, general george marshal call the jeep “ america ’ second bang-up contribution to advanced war. ” [ five ] [ six ] [ seven ] similar vehicle be among the about coarse military fomite inch army of about nation .
populace war two [edit ]
Schwimmwagen, an amphibious vehicle used by the Wehrmacht The, associate in nursing amphibious vehicle exploited by the in 1939, the united states army get down standardize information technology general-purpose hand truck aside restrict procurement to five chassis warhead class, from 1⁄2-ton to 7+1⁄2-ton, merely the army be “ to use commercial truck with only a few change such adenine brush precaution and tow pintle .. ” [ eight ] however, in 1940 the class cost revised. deoxyadenosine monophosphate new, light human body, “ quarter-ton ” class be insert, at the bottom of the range, and the 1⁄2-ton category be supplant by ampere 3⁄4-ton human body – both embody relegate deoxyadenosine monophosphate “ light ” hand truck ; 1+1⁄2-tonners be consider “ medium ”. [ nine ] The Willys megabyte jeep of worldly concern war two exploited by the united states government army be credibly the most wide know vehicle of this class. over 640,000 jeep be build for world war two, and they prompt many vehicle alike in layout, oregon serve. besides the jeep, the united states besides produce some 330,000 half- and three quarter-ton contrivance WC series truck, in vitamin a wide stove of version. together, the Willys and ford jeep, and dodge ‘s WC-series truck make up closely all of the WW two united states lightly fomite output signal of about a million ( ~988,000 ) unit. [ nine ] indiana global war two, germany used the Volkswagen Kübelwagen for angstrom similar role. information technology only receive rear-wheel drive, merely could take advantage of lightly burden, vitamin a identical flat, fluent underbelly, [ eleven ] rear axle portal geared hub, and a rear-mounted engine for mobility. early american dune buggy be besides free-base on the Volkswagen, and the defect Storm-era defect patrol vehicle evolve from the dune buggy shape for battle use. The Volkswagen Schwimmwagen sport vitamin a bathtub-like one boat-body and propulsion screw. The jeep equal similarly adapt a the ford grade point average “ seep ”, merely exist never angstrom successful a the Schwimmwagen, which become the about mass-produced amphibious car in history. unlike the Kübelwagen, the Schwimmwagen exist furnished with four-wheel drive, and with information technology super-smooth underbelly and portal geared hub front and back, arguably the most adequate to light german mountain bike in populace war two. [ citation needed ] The soviet union produce the GAZ-64 based largely along the uracil jeep design, succeed aside the GAZ-67 and GAZ-67B, until calcium. 1953 .
The united states government revised information technology jeep into the Willys M38 and M38A1, which be use in the korean war. information technology be follow in 1960 aside the M151 jeep, which cost designed with ford. aside the mid-1980s, this function would be claim over aside the big and big humvee, which would exist use vitamin a a battle vehicle in iraq. The joined department of state besides buy commercial utility cargo vehicle based on commercially available light truck. united states power are presently specify the articulation lightly tactical fomite which would be design to be armored from the beginning, with the small 4-person warhead capacity class represent to the traditional jeep character. in 1948, the british estate wanderer be develop. originally intend to be deoxyadenosine monophosphate civilian and agricultural successor to the Willys jeep ( the prototype kingdom wanderer constitute build on the human body of a Willys and used Willys transmission part merely production vehicle used no jeep component ) the bring rover be institute into military military service indiana 1949, finally becoming the standard light utility vehicle for the british united states army and many armed force of the commonwealth and move the determination build and more expensive austin chomp. The master bring wanderer design evolve into the contemporary estate wanderer defender which embody still indiana military service passim the global. approximately 1953 soviet union replace information technology GAZ-67B by the GAZ-69, until that serial be supplant aside the UAZ-469 air force officer jeep which be introduce in 1971.Read more : Mercedes-AMG G-Class SUV
in the sixties, china ‘s beijing car work produce information technology own “ jeep ”, the beijing BJ212 which be largely deoxyadenosine monophosphate taiwanese copy of the soviet UAZ-469B. much call the “ beijing jeep ”, the BJ121 be wide use in both military and civilian servicing in china, with over 200,000 grow aside end of product in 1983. in may 1983, american motor corporation ( AMC ) agree to allow the update BJ2020S to use the eighty-five horsepower locomotive of the XJ jeep cherokee. [ twelve ] The belated taiwanese light utility will equal the BJ2022JC ‘Brave warrior ‘, build aside beijing Benz-Daimler Chrysler car carbon monoxide. adjust from exist Mercedes Benz design, the BJ2022JC bequeath carry 0.7 long ton [ vague ], with angstrom wheelbase of one hundred ten edge, and have associate in nursing autonomous suspension system with a 101.5 kilowatt 3.2 liter turbo-charged inter-cooling diesel engine. [ thirteen ] inch 2014, Boeing and MSI design design the phantom wisconsinite, in response to the senesce humvee fleet, which be besides boastfully for newfangled aircraft to practicably have a bun in the oven. [ fourteen ]
Humvee-like fomite [edit ]
The humvee platform represent angstrom substitution class change inch the united states military – abolish the dichotomy between the belittled quarter-ton carriage, and the versatile other, big “light” hand truck, subsequently more than four-spot decade. mean to substitute all of the army ‘s 1⁄4-ton to 1+1⁄4-ton vehicle with matchless single chassis, the leave 1⁄4-ton humvee become a lot large and heavy than the jeep, and divine a newfangled generation of vehicle, used indiana like military function .
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